Human Behavior in the Social Environment I

Themes and concerns that are central to all feminist thought include:

addressing intersectionality, the centrality of gender, the personal is political and separating gender and sex

From an existential point of view, the belief that life is "absurd" is probably:

an insight

According to Maslow's study of highly actualized people, they:

are generally creative and satisfied, but continue to have flaws and (need for growth)

Feminist theories of gender oppression:

are most concerned with the role of power and domination in creating inequality

Feminist theories of gender difference:

are viewed as conservative by radical feminists, attempt to recast women's development in a positive light and focus on the different "voices" of men and women

When the child incorporates the "generalized other," she or he:

becomes self-conscious, internalizes the rules of the larger society and is able to guide her or his behavior without external constraints

"Practice wisdom" includes the following quality:

careful awareness of self and rapport with client, leading to spontaneous insight for helping

According to Carl Jung, the deep level of the psyche that joins all people and provides universal themes of meaning for human life and development is named the :

collective consciousness

In the disability rights field, the concept of "universal design" means that:

design of the physical environment and technologies should take into account accessibility by people of all abilities

Ethnicity refers to:

distinctions based on cultural rather than racial differences

Assimilation ideology:

expected the foreign born to give up their languages, customs and ways of life, is based on a unidirectional linear continuum and ideally results in the elimination of cultural differences

Wilber's spectrum model of development takes into account:

gradual growth, sudden peaks or jumps of consciousness and flowing and waivering between stages of consciousness development

Social work practice based on Maslow's theory would most likely:

help the client clarify his/her own aspirations and strengths and help the client to identify and overcome environmental obstacles that block the achievement of aspirations

Spiritually sensitive social work practice:

honors diverse religious and nonreligious worldviews and meaning systems of clients

Wilber's AQAL model addresses:

human development through preegoic, egoic, and transegoic stages, subjective experiences within human consciousness, physical aspects of the human organism and cultural values and symbols

Mead's "I' is roughly equivalent to Freud's:

id and ego

The feminist stance that "the personal is political" includes:

identifying problems at the institutional level, developing solutions at the personal level, organizing for change at the institutional level and action at the personal level

Mead's stages of development include:

imitative acts, play stage and game stage

Symbolic interactionism would assert the following position about psychopathology:

it is deviance from socially defined norms of behavior, it is based on diagnostic categorizing that results in labeling, it depends on the influence of the observer and it is created primarily by the actions of a moral entrepreneur

In relational-cultural theory, the central relational paradox refers to:

keeping important aspects of oneself out of the relationship in order to keep the relationship

Bicultural socialization and adaptation occurs when a person:

masters adaptive skills for two cultures, integrates positive qualities of the dominant culture and the culture of origin and speaks the languages of the majority culture and the culture of origin

In Mead's theory, the process of subjective self -reflection on the self and the world is termed the:

me

In humanistic psychology, the principle of self-actualization implies that:

natural selfish tendencies.

The social model of disability emphasizes that:

oppression of people with disabilities is socially constructed and can be changed

When a person is walking in the mountains and is suddenly overwhelmed with awe at the beauty of the surrounding natural world and feels in harmony with the universe, Maslow would best describe this as:

peak experience

According to symbolic interaction theory:

people are seen primarily as social beings rather than innate drives and internal psychological processes and people interact with each other based on symbols, or shared meanings

According to melting pot theory:

people of all nations would melt into a new race and a new cultural and biological blend would be created

According to SW theories of empowerment, the definition of empowerment includes the following

people support each other in actions to bring about personal and political change, individuals achieve a greater sense of self-efficacy and people learn to analyze critically the social structural causes of oppression

According to evaluation by the textbook authors, the school of theory with lowest emphasis on key social work values is:

psychodynamic

According to Ken Wilber, when Freudians interpret spiritual experiences of "cosmic consciousness," or "union with the divine" as a pathological regression to infantile fusion with the environment, this fallacy results from:

reducing transegoic experiences to preegoic experiences

In Jungian theory, the personal unconscious is regarded mainly as a storehouse for:

repressed material and forgotten memories

Charles Tart, a consciousness researcher, proposed "state-specific" science that implies that:

research methods and questions should be matched to the type of consciousness under study

Specific persons who are invested with a strong sense of importance and influence over the development of one's self-concept are termed:

significant others

According to the summary of "12 Great Ideas" in chapter 14, the insight that taken-for-granted understandings of self and society can be deconstructed and reconstructed is associated with the following theory:

social constructionism

In Mead's theory, the "me" can best be described as the:

socialized aspect of self

In the United States, the term majority refers to:

speaks the languages of the majority culture and the culture of origin, groups that have been strongly influenced by Anglo Saxon values and groups that are predominant in terms of privilege and power.

Transpersonal theory challenges social workers to consider which of the following aspects of clients' life contexts when assessing descriptions of their spiritual experiences:

state of consciousness at time of experience, religious beliefs and cultural background

Acculturation refers to:

the changing of one culture by incorporating elements of another

In symbolic interactionism, the term "generalized other" refers to:

the norms of society

The dual perspective suggests that:

the nurturing system is the most important system in early childhood socialization

Herbert Blumer extended Mead's work by pointing to the importance of:

the physical world of objects

Ontology refers to:

the way people form ideas about the nature of reality and the purpose of human beings' existence

Some of the contemporary issues confronting American families are:

there has been an erosion of extended family ties, child rearing places high demands on the mother due to economic mandates and there are low rates of remarriage

In general, transpersonal theorists make the following claim(s) about the conventional developmental theories of Freud and Piaget:

they contribute insights concerning development up through formation of a rational ego, but they do not understand transegoic experience

Consider a very wealthy person whose main goal in life is to acquire as much wealth and power as possible and is very successful at doing this. Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, the person is likely:

to have a "deficit-orientation"

According to evaluation by the textbook authors, the following school of theory highly emphasizes micro systems relevance, strengths perspective, constructivist philosophy, and qualitative research approaches:

transpersonal

According to the authors, the optimal approach to use of theory in social work practice is the following:

use careful reflection on the strengths and limitations of a given theory as well as relevance to a particular practice situation

The school of feminism that sees men and women as being uniquely different and believes that the distinctive characteristics of women may be superior to those of men is:

Cultural feminism

In general, gender schemas tend to overrate women and underrate men.

False

Jung's collective unconscious can be described as preconscious.

False

Oppression and caste are not separate dimensions of stratification.

False

Researchers agree that ethnic identity, once formed, is static and not open to change.

False

Secondary groups are so removed and impersonal, that they have little, if any, impact on socialization.

False

Socialization stops between adolescence and early adulthood.

False

The Twenty Statements Test (TST) is a good measure of psychopathology:

False

The primary concern in the LGBTQI movement is "coming out."

False

The single issue orientation of the gay and lesbian liberation movement has been successful in meeting the needs for most of the gay and lesbian population.

False

There is a wealth of methodologically sound research that has found devalued traits, such as low I. Q., in minority populations.

False

Transpersonal theory has a serious disadvantage for social work purposes because it ignores insights from Asian and other non-Western cultures about human behavior.

False

Wilber's discussion of the "pre/trans fallacy" in misdiagnosis of psychopathology typically involves confusion between transpersonal experiences and the defense mechanism of introjection.

False

The "third force" of humanistic psychology developed in reaction to the deterministic and reductionistic assumptions of:

Freudian and behaviorist theories

Stratification refers to

The way in which humans are hierarchically differentiated from one another

According to Bourdieu one of the ways habitus is acquired is

Through primary socialization experiences with parent/caregivers' during childhood

At its fullest potential, self actualization becomes self-transcendence.

True

Bicultural conflict is a result of incongruence between the norms and values of the majority society and the minority culture.

True

Common qualities of feminist spirituality include emphases on valuing women's bodies, community, relationality, and a commitment to social justice.

True

Critical consciousness involves identification with similar others, reducing self- blame, and a personal sense of freedom

True

Cultural awareness and understanding is a necessary feature of cultural competence.

True

Empowerment theories help practitioners to understand and act upon the intersections of micro and macro levels of human behavior and social structures.

True

Fernando Galan's multidimensional transactional model suggests that cultural identity integration can be achieved through consistency within the self.

True

In an existential view, conformity would be considered less than ideal.

True

It has been argued that gay and lesbian assimilation represents the achievement of capitalism because they receive recognition and power as consumers.

True

One central theme in feminist standpoint theory is that members of the most and the least powerful groups will potentially have opposed understandings of the world.

True

One of the primary concerns of Goffman's dramaturgical approach is impression management.

True

Primary groups are characterized by intimate associations that are fundamental in forming the social nature of the ideals of individuals.

True

Symbolic interaction has been criticized for ignoring structural conditions and economic forces that produce inequality.

True

The "looking glass self" refers to the process of self-conception in which we partly take the opinion of others into account.

True

The contemporary LGBTQI+ Movement was formed as bisexuals, transgender, and other sexual/gender minorities were welcomed into efforts to effect change with gay and lesbian individuals.

True

The terms multiple oppressions, intersectionality, and matrix of domination all refer to interlocking systems of oppression.

True

Transculturality means that a person is able to relate comfortably and competently in many different cultural contexts and appreciate both the differences and similarities.

True

According to Mead's theory, the self can best be describes as:

a process

Ethnic identity refers to:

a sense of belonging to an ethnic group and a part of one's thinking, feelings, perceptions and behavior that is due to ethnic group membership

Research has found that racial/cultural and ethnic identity in newcomer youth generally takes one of the following paths:

a strong ethnic identity, a hyphenated American identity and an assimilated American identity

Deficiency formulations are based on:

Anglo based biases, behaviors and traits that are valued in American culture, behaviors and traits that are devalued in American culture and an acceptance of assimilation as the preferred mode of adaptation

Indigenous medicine wheel teachings share similar themes of holistic thinking with:

Asian mandalas and dynamic systems theory

Victims of oppression

Experience different degrees of oppression

According to Bourdieu social capital is unnecessary to acquire economic capital and power.

False

According to Lev, gender identity, gender roles and sexual orientation should be seen as binaries, rather than continuums.

False

An important aspect of empowerment practice in social work is to help people distinguish between direct and indirect power blocks so that they can concentrate on the direct blocks and not be distracted by those that are indirect.

False

Bicultural tension is a fact of life whereas bicultural conflict is not.

False

Children first learn the values, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that are expected of them in their secondary context.

False

Class stratification has no bearing on stratification based on race, gender, age and sexual orientation.

False

Contemporary relational-cultural theory focuses exclusively on the psychological experience of women.

False

Working for legislative reform to achieve equal opportunity for men and women is a fundamental concern of:

Liberal feminism

Gender schemas are:

None of the above

Critical awareness goes beyond ordinary awareness in:

Only b and c: knowing why it exists and how we are impacted by it

Empowerment in the LGBTQI community

Takes many forms and Uses tactics such as grass roots organizing and civil disobedience

Concept of power in empowerment theories refers to

The ability to access and control resources and people

Social Capital, defined by Putnam and other theorists as the access to resources and social networks, and empowerment, trust, and reciprocity. However, one important criticism and limitation of social capital is that

The benefits of social capital are not accessible to all, especially marginalized and oppressed groups

Powerlessness is

The inability to effectively manage emotions, skills, knowledge and material resources