Human Nutrition Ch 12
On average, American diet exceeds the RDA for the magnesium.
False
The major minerals are called "major" because they have more important roles in the body than the trace minerals.
False
Vitamin D and lactose both decrease the absorption of calcium.
False
Which of the following is a feature of magnesium in nutrition?
In US Average intakes from food are below recommendations
Which of the following is not a function of the hormone calcitonin?
It increases the activation of the vitamin D.
Which of the following is not true about the type 1 osteoporosis?
It is more common in men than women.
What is a key function of chloride?
Maintain gastric acidity for protein digestion
Which is not a role that minerals play in the body?
Minerals act as enzymes.
Which of the following is a symptom of acute potassium deficiency (Hypokalemia)?
Muscle weakness
Which of the following is not true about the major minerals?
The most abundant major mineral in the body is magnesium.
The American Heart Association goal is to lower blood pressure by reducing daily sodium intake to less than
1500 mg.
At what age does the peak bone mass usually develop?
20s-to early 30's
By weight the major component of the table salt is
Chloride
Where is the majority of the body's magnesium found?
Bones
Good dietary sources of the magnesium include all of the following except
dairy products.
The most accurate way to measure the bone mineral density is through
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Most of the bone is made of
hydroxyapatite.
In rare cases, athletes who become extremely dehydrated may experience
hyperchloremia.
What effect does the high-impact exercise have on the bone health?
improves bone mineral density
Which of the following increases the absorption of the calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium?
vitamin D
Calcium absorption is facilitated by the presence of
vitamin D.
Acute Hypercalcemia may cause all of the following except
inflamed tongue.
Hyperkalemia can cause
irregular heartbeat and cardiac arrest
All of the following statements are correct about the phosphorus except
it is the most common mineral in the body.
In women, the bone loss (osteoporosis) accelerates after
menopause.
Which hormone is released when the blood calcium is low?
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Which of the following factors can decrease the bioavailability of a mineral?
phytates, oxalates and polyphenols found in plant foods
Which of the following is a major cation that acts as a buffer in the blood?
potassium
Which other mineral does sodium work with to help transmit nerve impulses that cause the muscles to contract?
potassium
Sulfur-based substances are used in the foods as the
preservatives.
Good dietary sources of the potassium include all of the following except
processed foods
Most of the sodium in the typical American diet comes from
processed foods.
Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to
provide rigidity for the bones and teeth.
The DASH diet's goal is to
reduce hypertension
Phosphorus is the _______ most abundant mineral in the body.
second
All of the following are true about the relationship of body weight to bone mineral density (BMD) except
women who are heavier than the normal weight, have a lower BMD
Which mineral is a component of the protein Keratin found in the hair, skin, and nails?
sulfate
Drinking wine can cause the hives and throat swelling for some people who have
sulfite sensitivity or allergy.
Which of the following is not true about all minerals?
They are destroyed by heat during cooking.
Minerals often compete with each other for the absorption in the GI tract.
True
Numerous studies suggest that having plenty of potassium in the diet helps increase the bone strength.
True
People with the impaired kidneys are at risk for the hyperkalemia.
True
Smokers or Alcoholics have significantly reduced bone density.
True
Which anion most helps to maintain the fluid balance?
chloride
Calcium may have a protective effect against which type of the cancer?
colon