Human Resource Management Chapter 1

what has shifted the trend from more narrow jobs to more use of broadly defined jobs?

a greater concern for innovation and quality

training

a planned effort to enable employees to learn job-related knowledge, skills and behavior

Approaches to recruitment and selection involve a variety of ____?

alternatives

High_ Performance Work Systems

an organization in which technology, organizational structure,people, and processes all work together to give an organization an advantage in the competitive environment

What are the HRM practices? (8)

analyzing work and designing jobs, attracting potential employees (recruiting), choosing employees (selection), teaching employees how to perform their jobs and preparing them for the future (training and development), evaluating their performance (performance management), rewarding employees (compensation), creating positive work environments (employee relations) supporting the org's strategy (HR planning and change mgmt)

How might an organization rely heavily on promotions from within?

applicant referrals by current employees and the availability of in-house people with neccessary skills

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Employee relations?

attitude surveys, labor relations, employee handbooks, company publications, labor law compliance, relocation and outplacement services

how might an organization actively recruit from external sources?

by posting jobs on the internet, newspaper want-ads, and college recruiting events

evidence-based HR

collecting and using data to show that HR practices have a positive influence on the company's bottom line or key stakeholders

Companies that attempt to increase their ____ by investing in new technology and promoting quailty through the org also invest in state-of-the-art ___, ___, ___ practices

competitiveness, staffing, training, compensation

Ideally, tasks should be grouped in ways that help the org to operate ___ and to ___ people with the right ____ to do the jobs well.

efficiently; obtain (retain); qualifications

standards for ethical behavior

greatest good for greatest number respect for basic human rights fair and equitable

HR responsibilities of supervisors: the common areas of involvement

help define jobs forecast HR needs provide training interview (and selct) candidates appraise performance recommend pay increases and promotions communicate policies motivate, with support from pay, benefits, and other rewrds

organizations depend on their HR dpet to help establish policies related to ___, ___, ___, and ___

hiring, discipline,promotions and benefits

human resource planning

identifying the numbers and types of employees the organization will require to meet its objectives

why does an organization make selection decisions?

in order to add more employees to its workforce AND to transfer existing employees to new postions

employees in today's org's are not ___, but rather the ___ of the companys ____ or ____

interchangeable; source; success; failure

development programs often focus on preparing employees for what?

management responsibilities

the pay and benefits that employees earn play an important role in ___ them

motivating

In the past, many companies emphasized the use of narrow or broad defined jobs to increase efficiency?

narrow

In general, jobs can vary from having a __ range of ___ tasks to having a ___ array of ___tasks requiring multiple skills

narrow; simple; broad: complex

performance measures may emphasize ___ behaviors (i.e. answering the phone by the second ring), ___ (no. customer complaints/compliments), or ____.

observable, outcomes, both

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Training and Development?

orientation, skills training, career development programs

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Compliance with laws?

policies to ensure lawful behavior, reporting, posting information, safety inspections, accessibility accommodations

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Personnel policies?

policy creation, policy communication, record keeping, HR information systems

the concept of HRM implies that employees are ___

resources

Employee rights

right of free consent right of privacy right of freedom of conscience right of freedom of speech right to due process

No two human resource dept have precisely the same roles b/c of differences in organization ____ and ____ of the workforce, the industry, and management values

sizes; characteristics

In all but the ___ orgs, a HR dept is responsible for the functions of ___ ____ ____

smallest; human resource management

In terms of business strategy, an org can succeed if it has a ____ ____ ____

sustainable competitive advantage (is better then competitors at something and can hold that advantage over a sustained period of time)

As ___changes the ways orgs manufacture, transport, communicate and keep track of information, human resource management must ensure that the org has the ___ ____ of people to meet the ___ ____

technology; right kinds; new challenges

development

the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and behaviors that improve an employee's ability to meet changes in job requirements and in customer demands

Ethics

the fundamental principles of right and wrong

Based on job analysis and design, an organization can determine what?

the kinds of employment needs

Human Resource Management (HRM) definition

the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees' behavior, attitudes, and performance.

selection

the process by which the organization attempts to identify applicants with the neccessary knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characterisitics that will help the org acheive its goals

Job design

the process of defining the way work will be performed and the tasks that a given job requires

performance management

the process of ensureing that employees activites and outputs math the organizations goals

Job Analysis

the process of getting detailed information about jobs

recruitment

the process through which the organization seeks applicants for potential employment

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Compensation and Benefits?

wage and salary administration, incentive pay, insurance, vacation leave administration, retirement plans, profit sharing, stock plans

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Analysis and design of work?

work analysis, job design, job descriptions

With many simple jobs, a company can easily find ___ who can quickly be ___ to perform the jobs at a relatively ___ pay

workers; trained; low

not only do policies promote fair decision making,but they also promote other objectives, such as ___ ___ and ___ ____

workplace safety and customer srevice

List the function of HR departments

-Analysis and design of work -recruitment and selection -training and development -performance management -compensation and benefits -employee relations -personnel policies -compliance with laws -support for strategy

What are the TOP FIVE qualities employers seek in job candidates?

-Communication Skills (written and verbal) -Honesty and integrity -Interpersonal skills -motivation and initiative -strong work ethic

What are the four qualities HR has that give org's the resources that will give them an advantage. explain each

-Valuable- high quality employees provide a needed service as they perform many critical functions -Rare- in the sense that a person with high levels of the needed skills and knowledge is not common. it can takes months to find a talent and experience -Cannot be imitated -No good substitutes-when people are well trained and highly motivated, they learn, develop their abilities, and care about customers. no other resource can match committed and talented employees

What happens as a result of effective HRM? (4)

-employees and customer tend to be more satisfied -the companies tend to be more innovative -have greater productivity -develop more favorable reputation in the community

What is included in maintain a high-performance work system?

-the development of training programs -recruitment of people with new skill sets -establishment of rewards for such behaviors as teamwork, flexibility, and learning

the focus an org favors ( whether on specific skills or general abilities) will affect what kind of choices?

-the way the org measures ability. -the quesitons it asks in interviews -the places it recruits

what are the two areas of responsibility that support each HR practice?

1. establishing and administering personnel policies 2. ensuring compliance with labor laws

On average, an org has __ HR staff person for every ___ employees served by the department

1; 93

Explain the role of supervisors in HRM (LO4)

Although many org's have HR departments, non-HR managers must be familiar w/ the basics of HRM and their own role w/ regard to managing HR. Supervisors typically have responsibilities related to all HR functions. Supervisors help analyze work, interview job candidates, participate in selecetion decisions, provide training, conduct performance appraisals, and recommend pay increases. On a day-to-day basis, supervisors represent the company to their employees,so they also play an important role in employee relations

Human Capital (definition)

An organization's employees, described in terms of their training, experience, judgement, intelligence, relationships and insight-the employee characteristics that can add economic value to the org

What are the skills of HRM professionals?

Human relation skills, decsion-making skills, leadership skills, technical skills

Define Human Resource Management, and explain how HRM contributesto an organization's performance (LO1)

Human resource management consists of an organization's "people practices"- the policies, practices, and systems thatinfluence employees' behavior , attitudes and performance. HRM influences who works for the org. and how thosepeople work. These human resources, if well managed, have the potential to be a sourceof sustainablecompetitive advantage, contributing to basic objectives such as quality, profits, and customer satisfaction.

Discuss ethical issues in HRM (LO5)

Like all managers and employees, HR professionals should make decisions consistent with sound wthical principles. Their decisions should result in the greatest good for the largest number of people; respect basic rights of privacy, due process, consent, and free speech; and treat employees and customers equitably and fairly. Some areas in which ethical issues arise include concerns about employee privacy, protection of employee safety, and fairness in employment practices (i.e. avoiding discrimination)

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Performance Management?

Performance measures, preparation and administration of performance apprasisals,discipline

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Recruitment and Selection?

Recruiting, job postings, interviewing, testing, coordinating use of temporary labor

Identify the responsibilities of Human Resource departments (LO2)

By carrying out HR activities or supporting line management, HR departments have responsibility for a variety of functions relate dto acquiring and managing employees. The HRM processbegins with analyzing and design jobs, the recruiting and selecting employees to fill those jobs. Training and development equip employees to carry out their present jobs and follow a career path in the org. Performance management ensures that employees activities and out match the org's goals. HR departments also plan and administer the org's pay and benefits. They carry out activities in support of employee relations, such as communications programs and collective bargaining. Conducting all these activities involves this establishment and administration of personnel policies. Management also depends on HR professionals for help in ensuring compliance with labor laws and support of the org's strategy-i.e. HR planning and change management

Economic value is associated with what?

Capital- cash, equipment, technology, and facilities

Describe typical careers in HRM (LO6)

Career in HRM may involve specialized work in fields such as recruiting, training, or labor relations. HR professionals may also be generalists, performing the full range of HR activities. People in these positions usually have a college degree in business or social sciences. HRM means enhancing communication with employees and concern for their well being, but it also involves a great deal of paperwork and a variety of non-people skills, as well as knowledge of business and laws

What are the responsibilities of the HR function, Support for strategy?

HR planning and forecasting, change management

Summarize the types of skills needed for HRM (LO3)

HRM requires substantial human relations skills, including skill in communicating, negotiating, and team development. HR professionals also need decision makingskills based on knowledge of the HR field and the org's line of business.Leadership skills are neccessary, especially for managing conflict and change. Technical skills of HR professionals include knowledge of current techniques, applicable laws, and computer systems

Effective management of HR can form the foundation or ___-___ ___ ____

High-Performance work systems

TRUE OR FALSE: HRM is critical to the sucess of the org b/c human capital has certain qualities that make it valuable.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: decisions such as whom to hire, what to pay, what training to offer, and how to evaluate employee performance directly affect employees' motivation and ability to provide goods and services to that customers value.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: managers have traditionally seen HRM as a necessaryexpense rather than a source of value to the org's?

TRUE