human sexuality unit 1 test

6 findings from the 2011 National transgender discrimination survey

1. 2/3 participants contemplated suicide, 2. 2/5 attempted suicide, 3. 50% had experienced being disowned, 4. 1/5 experienced homelessness, 5. 1/5 had been refused housing, 6. 50% lost their job based on identity

7 dimensions to klein's approach to studying and understanding sexual orientation

1. Attraction, 2. behavior, 3. fantasy, 4. emotional preference, 5. social preference, 6. self-identification, and 7. lifestyle over a time dimension: past, present, ideal

6 suggestions for using gender inclusive language

1. Be aware of how language is gendered, 2. be aware of terminology, 3. don't overcompensate to sound accepting, 4. model pronoun use (them, they), 5. ask what the person goes by, 6. avoid assumptions based on titles (Dr=Man)

4 myths/misconceptions of homosexual relationships

1. Most gays and lesbians are unable to form close, enduring relationships and prefer to be promiscuous, 2. they are more likely to be unhappy and dysfunctional, 3. one partner is assigned role of husband and the other takes wife, 4. they are isolated from society and do not have meaningful support groups

erroneous historical perspectives related to human sexual anatomy

1. One-sex model: men and women have the same sexual body but men's genitals have been pushed out of the body while women's are retained inside 2. Male body was the norm, female body was a variation 3. Menstrual fluid travels from the uterus to the breast generating breast milk

what technique should be used to perform testicular self examinations

1. Take a warm bath to relax the scrotum, 2. stand in front of mirror to check for swelling, 3. roll testicle between thumb and fingers feeling for abnormalities, 4. find the epididymis so you don't mistake it for a lump, if you find a lump then see a doctor

3 reasons why sex is more than intercourse

1. equating sex with intercourse neglects the full range of sexual experience and pleasure 2. any other pleasurable activities like kissing, oral, and touching are thought of as foreplay when they can be more fulfilling than sex 3. most of today's sexual problems like pregnancy, STIs, and STDs stem from insertive sexual practices.

3 important issues related to testicular cancer

1. most young men are unaware of the risk 2. they do not know they should be examining their own testicles each month for abnormalities 3. they have no idea how to perform a testicular self-exam

8 health benefits of orgasms

1.strengthens immune system, 2. pain relief, 3.lower cancer rate, 4. mood enhancement, 5. longer life, 6.greater feelings of intimacy, 7. less heart disease, 8. better sleep.

what point of pregnancy can genitals be distinguished

12th week

what age should men start doing testicular self-examinations

14 years old

what percent of females experience orgasm from sexual intercourse alone?

25-30%

overlapping curve model of gender differences

A graphic representation of how two groups who differ on a particular attribute often share the characteristic to varying degrees and are not mutually exclusive

what is the difference between human sexuality and non-human sexuality

Animals have sex to mate while humans have sex for pleasure.

1st intersex condition

Born genetically male with XY chromosomes but have external genitals that are female

pansexual

Capability of attraction to others regardless of their gender identity or biological sex, can fall in love with anyone

type 2 of female genital mutilation

Clitoral hood and visual part of the clitoris are removed and part of labia minora are cut away.

why are people who identify as LGBT coming out at earlier ages than in the past

Coming out at earlier ages because of increasing awareness of gay youth in the population and greater social support for doing so. Tolerance for sexual diversity is increasing.

things that may lead to sex negativity

Don't feel sexual, don't tough your sexual parts, your body shouldn't be a source of pleasure, wanting sexual contact with somebody else is wrong

demisexual

Experience low interest in sex and sexual attraction, emotional bond with a partner is primary. Similar to asexual

how are female genitals developed during pregnancy

For females, androgens are not released and the fetus develops a vulva, ovaries, uterus, and other internal female anatomy.

what is being done about female genital mutilation globally

Gathering greater cultural awareness, being made illegal in more and more places.

2nd intersex condition

Genetically female with XX chromosomes but have external genitals that are completely male

In the video of "The Great Wall of Vagina" what was the outcome for the woman at the end?

Her lips ended up looking smaller than she thought they did so she learned that her perception of herself wasn't quite accurate.

research related to overall relationship satisfaction, quality, and interaction patterns in homosexual relationships

Homosexual couples are generally more upbeat about their relationships, they use more humor and withdraw affection less when conflicts arise, less hostile and controlling, take things less personally.

common issues related to the 1st and 2nd intersex conditions

If genetic testing isn't done then doctors and parents may be unaware of condition until child reaches puberty and begins to develop secondary sexual characteristics of the opposite sex

how are male genitals developed during pregnancy

In the presence of a Y chromosome, androgens are secreted which causes the fetus to develop testicles, a penis, and male internal sexual anatomy

queer

Individuals who don't identify as straight, being reclaimed to describe their sexual orientation in a broader way

female ejaculation

It is widely misunderstood, varies in amount and based on area of simulation. Some women experience it often, some never, problems come with the value we place on it.

kinsey's continuum to understanding sexual orientation

It was a scale from 0 (exclusively heterosexual) to 6 (exclusively homosexual) and believe that people can fall anywhere between the two.

factors that contribute to our understanding or sexual orientation

Refers to a person's romantic, sexual, emotional, and/or spiritual attraction to others, not just about a person's sexual behaviors.

type 1 of female genital mutilation

Removal of clitoral hood and part of the external clitoris (clitorectomy)

how to delay ejaculation and how it is related to automatic nervous system

Take a deep breath because that will calm you down and get you back into parasympathetic nervous system and ejaculation occurs in sympathetic nervous system.

3rd intersex condition

They are genetically female but have external genitals that are ambiguous, in between male and female.

common issues for 3rd intersex condition

When ambiguous, parents and doctors alter child's external genital sex to resemble a normal male or female.

reed's erotic stimulus pathway theory

a model of sexual response based on the psychological and cognitive stages of seduction, sensations, surrender, and reflection

cisgender

a person whose gender identity and biological sex at birth align

Sympathetic nervous system

adrenaline

reflection phase of reed's erotic stimulus pathway theory

after the orgasm when both partners reflect and bring meaning to their sexual encounter

perineum

area of skin in female between vulva and anus

what are typical findings on penis size

average penis is 6 inches.

sexual behavior

behaviors in which humans display their sexuality

what are the main criticisms of master and johnson's 4-phase sexual response model

being focused on physical response like orgasm without regard to emotions and relationship aspects of sexual response

sex

biological aspect of being male, female, or intersex

where does the sex drive start

brain

what stage of development do concerns of sexual normality begin

childhood; they are being taught sex is bad and because of they way they are feeling, they are bad

type 3 of female genital mutilation

clitoris and labia minora are removed but labia majora are also cut and then the vulva is sealed through stitching or scoring of the labia majora.

epididymis

crescent shaped structure on each testicle where sperm cells are stored while they mature

reasons behind female genital mutilation

cultural beliefs that places a high value on female virginity prior to marriage and some believe that it is immoral for women to enjoy sexual pleasure.

clitoris

erectile sexual structure consisting of glans and two shafts that is primarily responsible for triggering orgams in women

sexologists

experts that specialize in scientific study of human sexuality

vulva

female external genitals such as labia, mons vernis, urethral opening, clitoris flans, vaginal opening, hymen, perineum, anus. passes urine

ovaries

female organs that produce sex hormones such as estrogen and progesterone and where follicle cells are matured and stored.

vagina

flexible muscular canal or tube, usually 3-4 inches in length

uterus

flexible organ with strong muscle fibers where a fertilized egg implants and an embryo and fetus grow

prostate gland

gland in males surrounding the urethra that produces the largest proportion of seminal fluid

sex positivity

having positive attitudes about sex and feeling comfortable with one's own sexual identity and sexual behaviors of others.

sensation phase of reed's erotic stimulus pathway theory

heightened senses, fantasy, imagination combine to feed arousal and motivate us to continue

3 core values that should guide sexual decision making

honesty, responsibility, and respect

what type of research did Master's and Johnson conduct?

how people respond to sexual stimulation. EPOR Model: excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

gender expression

how we communicate our gender identity to others (how we dress or wear our hair)

transgender

individuals who do not self-identify as the gender that conforms to their biological sex

cervix

lower end of uterus that connects to the vagina

gender

masculinity-femininity dimension of our basic nature as humans

who cares more about penis size, men or women

men

how is reed's erotic stimulus pathway theory different from Master's and Johnson

more psychological and interpersonal perspective

correlations to factors in penis size

no correlation to things such as race or height, only correlation was father's penis size due to genetic inheritance

how often should men perform testicular self examinations

once a month

surrender phase of reed's erotic stimulus pathway theory

peak or orgasm thought of as a way to give yourself to the other person physically and mentally to the culmination of sexual intimacy

ally

person who appreciates and embraces people who identify across the spectrum of sexual orientation

what key element separates humans from non-humans in terms of sexuality

psychology

gender dysphoria

refers to stress or discomfort stemming from the self-knowledge that one's biological sex does not conform to, or is the opposite of, his or her personal gender identity

parasympathetic nervous system

relaxation, calm, vegetative activities

3 fields of professional practice in sexology

research, sexual education, clinical practice

what can cause the hymen to rupture

strenuous athletic exercise, using tampons, masturbation, and for no reason sometimes

who was allowed to take Kinsey's courses at the college level

students that were married or engaged.

sexual orientation

term specifying the sexes of those to whom a person is primarily romantically, emotionally, and sexually attracted to

seduction phase of reed's erotic stimulus pathway theory

the behaviors people engage in to attract another person such as wearing cologne, touching, love notes, buying flowers, arranging dates, and engaging in self disclosure

significance of hymen

tied to the idea of female virginity, if hymen is intact then she is still a virgin

Kiran Ghandi

trained for a marathon and got her period right before and instead of sitting out, ran the marathon with her period.

vas deferens

tube extending from the testicle to the male's body for mature sperm cells during ejaculation

what is the most common form of female genital mutilation

type 2: Clitoral hood and visual part of the clitoris are removed and part of labia minora are cut away.