Hypertension

A client is placed on a low-sodium (500 mg/day) diet. Which client statement indicates that the nurse's nutrition teaching plan has been effective?

"I chose broiled chicken with a baked potato for dinner."

A patient is scheduled to take Captopril. When is the best time to administer this medication?

1 hour before a meal

A patient with long-standing hypertension is admitted to the hospital with hypertensive urgency. The physician orders a chest x-ray, which reveals an enlarged heart. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate preparing the patient for to determine left ventricular enlargement?

Echocardiography

Which describes a situation in which blood pressure is severely elevated and there is evidence of actual or probable target organ damage?

Hypertensive emergency

A patient arrives at the clinic for a follow-up visit for treatment of hypertension. The nurse obtains a blood pressure reading of 180/110 but finds no evidence of impending or progressive organ damage when performing the assessment on the patient. What situation does the nurse understand this patient is experiencing?

Hypertensive urgency

Which client statement indicates a good understanding of the nutritional modifications needed to manage hypertension?

Limiting my salt intake to 2 grams per day will improve my blood pressure

Non-pharmacological techniques can help lower blood pressure. Which of the following is not considered one of these types of techniques?

Multivitamins

Which finding indicates that hypertension is progressing to target organ damage?

Retinal blood vessel damage

A client, newly admitted to the nursing unit, has a primary diagnosis of renal failure. When assessing the client, the nurse notes a blood pressure (BP) of 180/100. The nurse knows that this is what kind of hypertension?

Secondary

Hypertension that can be attributed to an underlying cause is termed

Secondary hypertension

Which diuretic medication conserves potassium?

Spironolactone

A 66-year-old client presents to the emergency department reporting severe headache and mild nausea for the past 6 hours. Upon assessment, the client's BP is 210/120 mm Hg. The client has a history of hypertension and takes 1.0 mg clonidine twice daily. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client next?

"Have you taken your prescribed clonidine today?"

A nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. What will the nurse specify about this client's target blood pressure?

130/80 or lower

According to the DASH diet, how many servings of vegetables should a person consume each day?

4 or 5

The nurse is explaining the DASH diet to a client diagnosed with hypertension. The client inquires about how many servings of fruit per day can be consumed on the diet. What is the nurse's best response?

4 or 5 servings per day

Which of the following patients does not have a risk factor for hypertension?

A 35-year-old female with a total cholesterol level of 100.

Which of the following patients is not a candidate for a beta blocker medication?

A 39-year-old female with asthma.

Which of the following client scenarios would be correct for the nurse to identify as a client with secondary hypertension?

A client diagnosed with kidney disease

The nurse is working on a busy cardiac unit caring for four hypertensive clients. Which client description would the nurse assess first because the client is at an increased risk for malignant hypertension?

A client with anorexia and history of no health insurance

A nurse is discussing with a nursing student how to accurately measure blood pressure. What statement by the student indicates an understanding of the education?

A cuff that is too small will give a false high blood pressure.

The nurse is evaluating the types of medications prescribed for a client's hypertension. Which of the following medication classifications establishes an action on vasoconstrictive hormones in the blood stream?

ACE inhibitor

Which condition contributes to secondary hypertension?

Arterial vasoconstriction

Which family of drugs are the following medications considered: Amlodipine, Verapamil, Diltiazem?

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs)

A 77-year-old client presents to the local community center for a blood pressure (BP) screening; BP is recorded as 180/90 mm Hg. The client has a history of hypertension but currently is not taking the prescribed medications. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask the client first?

Can you tell me the reasons you aren't taking your medication

Which of the following systems of the body are affected by hypertension?

Cardiovascular, brain, eyes, kidneys

Which of the following drugs is NOT considered an Angiotension Receptor Blocker (ARBs) medication used in hypertension?

Catapres

Nurses should implement measures to relieve emotional stress for clients with hypertension because the reduction of stress

Decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles

Choose the statements that correctly match the hypertensive medication with its side effect. Select all that apply.

Direct vasodilators may cause headache and tachycardia. With thiazide diuretics, monitor serum potassium concentration.

A diabetic client visits a walk-in clinic and asks the nurse to take a blood pressure (BP) reading. The measurements are 150/90 mm Hg. Which of the following would the nurse expect as the treatment to normalize the client's BP?

Drug therapy

A client is being seen at the clinic for a routine physical when the nurse notes the client's blood pressure is 150/97. The client is considered to be a healthy, well-nourished young adult. What type of hypertension does this client have?

Essential (primary)

A client with high blood pressure is receiving an antihypertensive drug. When developing a client teaching plan to minimize orthostatic hypotension, which instruction should the nurse include?

Flex your calf muscles, avoid alcohol, and change positions slowly

A client with hypertension has been able to maintain a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg for 1 year while reducing dietary sodium and taking hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and atenolol. What treatment plan will the nurse educate the client about?

Gradual reducing the HCTZ and the atenolol and continuing to reduce sodium intake

A client, newly prescribed a low-sodium diet due to hypertension, is asking for help with meal choices. The client names four favorite meals. Which selection would be best?

Green stuffed pepper with diced tomato and chicken

The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient to determine the effects of hypertension on the heart and blood vessels. What specific assessment data will assist in determining this complication? (Select all that apply.)

Heart rate Heart rhythm Character of apical and peripheral pulses

A client is taking 50 mg of oral spironolactone twice a day to assist with blood pressure control. While the nurse is performing the morning assessment, the client reports nausea, general muscle cramps, and weakness. The ECG strip shows a peaked, narrow T-wave, which is a change. What electrolyte imbalance does the nurse suspect?

Hyperkalemia

A patient is being discharged home on Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for treatment of hypertension. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates they understood your discharge teaching about this medication?

I will make sure I consume foods high in potassium.

The nurse is caring for a client who has had 25 mg of oral hydrochlorothiazide added to the medication regimen for the treatment of hypertension. Which instruction should the nurse give the client?

Increase the amount of fruits and vegetables you eat

Which of the following would be inconsistent with a hypertensive urgency?

Intracranial hemorrhage

A client is being seen at the clinic on a monthly basis for assessment of blood pressure. The client has been checking blood pressure at home as well and has reported a systolic pressure of 158 and a diastolic pressure of 64. What does the nurse suspect this client is experiencing?

Isolated systolic hypertension

A nurse is educating about lifestyle modifications for a group of clients with newly diagnosed hypertension. While discussing dietary changes, which point would the nurse emphasize?

It takes 2 to 3 months for the taste buds to adapt to decreased salt intake

A patient with hypertension is started on a new medication for treatment and is reporting a continuous dry cough. Which of the following medications do you suspect is causing this problem?

Lisinopril

The nurse is planning the care of a patient admitted to the hospital with hypertension. What objective will help to meet the needs of this patient?

Lowering and controlling the blood pressure without adverse effects and without undue cost

A client is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of hypertension emergency/crisis. The client's blood pressure (BP) is 200/130 mm Hg. The nurse is preparing to administer IV nitroprusside. Upon assessment, which finding requires immediate intervention by the nurse?

Numbness and weakness in the left arm

he nurse in an oncology clinic notes that the client being treated has hypertension. What tumor is a predisposing condition for secondary hypertension?

Pheochromocytoma

An older adult client has newly diagnosed stage 2 hypertension. The health care provider has prescribed Chlorothiazide and Benazepril. What will the nurse monitor this client for?

Postural hypotension and resulting injury

When measuring the blood pressure in each arm of a healthy adult client, the nurse recognizes that which statement is true?

Pressure should not differ between 5 mm Hg between arms

The nurse encourages the client diagnosed with hypertension to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position because gradual changes in position

Provide time for the heart to increase the rate of contraction to resupply oxygen to the brain

Which term is refers to hypertension in which blood pressure that is controlled with therapy becomes uncontrolled (abnormally high) when the therapy is discontinued?

Rebound

A patient is flying overseas for 1 week for business and packed antihypertensive medications in a suitcase. After arriving at the intended destination, the patient found that the luggage had been stolen. If the patient cannot take the medication, what condition becomes a concern?

Rebound hypertension

A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed hypertension who asks if there is any harm in stopping antihypertensive medication. What is the nurse's best response?

Rebound hypertension can occur

An older adult client is found to have a blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg during a work-site health screening. What should the nurse do?

Recommend the client have the blood pressure rechecked within 2 weeks.

A nurse is educating a client about monitoring blood pressure readings at home. What will the nurse be sure to emphasize?

Sit quietly for 5 minutes prior to taking blood pressure

The nurse is seeing a client for the first time and has just checked the client's blood pressure. The nurse would consider the client prehypertensive if:

Systolic BP is between 120 and 139 mm Hg

A 65-year-old client is beginning medical management of recently diagnosed hypertension. The most important strategy in this client's treatment is reducing:

Systolic pressure below 150 mm Hg

The nurse is caring for a client with essential hypertension. The nurse reviews lab work and assesses kidney function. Which action of the kidney would the nurse evaluate as the body's attempt to regulate high blood pressure?

The kidney excretes sodium and water

True or False: Most patients with hypertension are asymptomatic.

True

Which statements are true when the nurse is measuring blood pressure (BP)? Select all that apply.

Using a BP cuff that is too small will give a higher BP measurement. The client's arm should be positioned at the level of the heart. The client should sit quietly while BP is being measured.

client who is newly diagnosed with hypertension is going to be starting antihypertensive medicine. What is one of the main things the client and the client's spouse should watch for?

dizziness

What risk factors would cause the nurse to become concerned that the client may have atherosclerotic heart disease? Select all that apply.

hypertension diabetes obesity family history of early cardiovascular events

It is appropriate for the nurse to recommend smoking cessation for clients with hypertension because nicotine

increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood.

A client who was recently diagnosed with prehypertension is to meet with a dietitian and return for a follow-up with the cardiologist in 6 months. What would this client's treatment likely include?

nonpharmacological interventions

Papilledema is a fairly common symptom of elevated blood pressure. The best way to detect this condition is through:

ophthalmic examination

A client is taking amiloride and lisinopril for the treatment of hypertension. What laboratory studies should the nurse monitor while the client is taking these two medications together?

potassium level

A client is admitted to the emergency room with a blood pressure reading of 200/130 mm Hg. What are this client's therapeutic goals? Select all that apply.

Reduction of the mean blood pressure by 25% within the first hour. Achievement of a goal pressure of about 160/100 within 2 to 6 hours. Reduction to a target goal pressure over a period of days.

The nurse is caring for an elderly client with a diagnosis of hypertension, who is taking several antihypertensive medications. Which safety precaution is the nurse most likely to reinforce?

Changing positions slowly related to possible hypotension

The nurse is administering medications on a medical-surgical unit. A client is ordered to receive 40 mg oral nadolol for the treatment of hypertension. Before administering the medication, the nurse should

Check the clients heart rate

A client is brought to the emergency department with reports of a bad headache and an increase in blood pressure. The blood pressure reading obtained by the nurse is 260/180 mm Hg. What is the therapeutic goal for reduction of the mean blood pressure?

Reduce the blood pressure by 20-25% within the first hour of treatment

Which of the following is the nurse most correct to recognize as a direct effect of client hypertension?

Renal dysfunction resulting from atherosclerosis