IB Chapter 4

The religion where followers try to achieve nirvana or spiritual enlightenment is _____. Buddhism Catholicism Judaism Christianity

Buddhism

What ethical system was the official ethical system of China until the communist revolution and emphasizes taking the right actions to attain salvation? Socialism Protestantism Communism Confucianism

Confucianism

_____ is judging another's culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture. Multiple choice question. Demography Cultural literacy Ethics Ethnocentrism

Ethnocentrism

Select all that apply What are two examples of nonverbal communication? Returning a phone call within 30 minutes of receipt Making small talk with a co-worker while waiting in line Giving a thumbs up sign to indicate you agree with a statement Standing an appropriate distance from a colleague during a conversation

Giving a thumbs up sign to indicate you agree with a statement Standing an appropriate distance from a colleague during a conversation

The religion where followers believe in reincarnation and karma is Islam. Hinduism. Christianity. Judaism.

Hinduism

What are the four dimensions originally identified by Hofstede? Individualism versus collectivism Work dynamism Religious versus secular Power distance Masculinity versus femininity Uncertainty avoidance

Individualism versus collectivism Power distance Masculinity versus femininity Uncertainty avoidance

How has social media affected group life? It de-emphasizes group interaction. It fosters face-to-face group activity. It has not identified the group but focuses on the individual. It has emphasized the idea of an extended social group.

It has emphasized the idea of an extended social group.

Select all that apply What are three principles of social stratification? It is a reflection of individual differences. It stagnates within a single generation. It involves beliefs as well as inequality. It carries over to the next generation. It is generally universal.

It involves beliefs as well as inequality. It carries over to the next generation. It is generally universal.

Alex considers himself a "true French Canadian" and agrees with political activists who think there should be a separation from English speaking citizens who are dominating certain provinces. What seems to be the cause of this division in Canada? Politics Religion Education Language

Language

Kate's grandmother was born in Belgium and she says she is Flemish. Anne's grandmother was also born in Belgium and she says she is French. In some areas of Belgium, all signs are in French and are not possible to read unless you know the French language. The same is true for other areas with all signs in Flemish. What is creating the divide between these two cultures? Language Education Geography Business

Language

Adherents of Islam are called Buddhists. Taoists. Muslims. Protestants.

Muslims

______ join the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation. Nation-states Nation-societies Culture-states Nation-cultures

Nation-states

Select all that apply What are three examples of the "hidden curriculum" of schools? Unnecessary focus on personal achievement Obedience to authority Respect for others Math and literacy fundamentals Dealing with competition

Obedience to authority Respect for others Dealing with competition

What is the focus of Hofstede's power distance dimension? Different cultures can't accept ambiguous situations. Power determines cultural ideals People are not equal in physical capabilities. The ties between people can be loose or tight.

People are not equal in physical capabilities.

______ is/are a system of shared beliefs that are concerned with the realm of the sacred and involve rituals reflecting the belief. Folkways Manners Religion Ethics

Religion

What are three of the determinants of culture? Social structure Marketing philosophy Political philosophy Trade philosophy Economic philosophy

Social structure Political philosophy Economic philosophy

Select all that apply Buddhism has all the same basic beliefs as Hinduism EXCEPT it does not advocate for which two factors? Support for the caste system The belief in the afterlife Advocacy in extreme ascetic behavior Spiritual achievement

Support for the caste system Advocacy in extreme ascetic behavior

Christianity and Judaism are both monotheistic religions. True False

True

Economic advancement and globalization may be important factors in societal change. True False

True

Education provides a competitive economic advantage through the creation of a pool of skilled and educated workers. True False

True

While religion can influence the values and norms of society, the values and norms of society can also impact religion. True False

True Reason: The chain of causation runs both ways. So religion can influence the value and norms of society and vice versa.

______ is the Hofstede dimension that measures a society's tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty. Individualism versus collectivism Long-term versus short-term orientation Power distance Uncertainty avoidance

Uncertainty avoidance

As countries get richer, we often see a shift ______ traditional values (such as staying married and obeying one's parents) and ______ secular rational values (including abortion and divorce). away from; toward toward; away from toward; toward away from; away from

away from; toward

The most rigid form of social stratification is the _____ system. public strata mobility caste

caste

Understanding how cultural differences across and within nations affect the way business is practiced is known as ______ literacy. cross-sectional cross-discipline cross-purpose cross-cultural

cross-cultural

Energy Resources Ltd. does business in 50 countries around the world. The company stresses to all employees the importance of understanding the prevailing culture in the countries that they are doing business in. In other words, the company is aware of the importance of a global village. collectivism. cross-cultural literacy. corporate branding.

cross-cultural literacy.

Hofstede studied how ______ relates to values in the workplace. demographics religion legal factors culture

culture

Hindus believe in ______, the behaviors and responsibilities governing individual conduct. after-life reincarnation dharma karma

dharma

Geoff believes that the way his U.S.-based company does business is superior to the way his French affiliate office conducts business. Geoff's attitude is an example of _____. heterogeneity slander stereotyping ethnocentrism

ethnocentrism

Monica asked her manager if appropriate dress for the meeting was business casual or traditional business. Monica is inquiring about the ______ associated with the meeting. folkway mores values attitude

folkway

Confucianism values harmonious relationships, which are based on moral and ethical conduct and ______. wealth accumulation social strata loyalty to others

loyalty to others

Social _____ refers to how difficult or easy it is for an individual to move out of the social strata into which they are born. collectivism orientation origin mobility

mobility

Islam is a ______ religion, believing in one true God. eurotheistic monotheistic musotheistic polytheistic

monotheistic

Unspoken language is another way to describe ______ communication. Multiple choice question. mass discrete written nonverbal

nonverbal

Most people talk quietly when going into a library because it is a social rule. This type of social rule is called a _____. culture value norm society

norm

In the ______ dimension identified by Hofstede, the degree of power and wealth is not balanced within a country. culture power distance uncertainty avoidance individual versus collectivism

power distance

In the ______ dimension identified by Hofstede, the degree of power and wealth is not balanced within a country. individual versus collectivism power distance culture uncertainty avoidance

power distance

The set of shared beliefs followed by Catholics and those of the Jewish faith represent their individual _____. folkways norms attitudes religions

religions

Nigel was born into a poor, working-class family in England. He is resigned to the fact that his life will be much like his fathers as he has no way to earn a degree and change his status. Nigel believes that a lack of _____ determines his fate. social mobility cross-cultural literacy mores collectivism

social mobility

All societies are divided on a hierarchical basis into social categories called social _____. identification mobility strata folkways

strata

The basic social organization of a society is called its social _____. nation structure folkway orientation

structure

The two major Christian organizations are _____. the Orthodox Church the Roman Catholic Church the Protestant Church the Baptist Church

the Orthodox Church the Roman Catholic Church

The ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable are called _____. values society norms culture

values

The Hofstede dimension that is focused on the degree to which people in a society are integrated into groups is power distance. uncertainty avoidance. individualism versus collectivism. masculinity versus femininity.

individualism versus collectivism.

According to Hofstede, if the ties between people are loose, it is most likely a sign of a(n) ______ society. feminine collectivistic individualistic masculine

individualistic

Western society values _______ over ______. class; groups class; mobility individuals; groups groups; individuals

individuals; groups

A caste system is a type of social structure that divides people on the basis of _____. inherited social status religious preference employment rank highest level of education achieved

inherited social status

There _____ a strict one-to-one relationship between one culture and a nation-state. sometimes is is is not has always been

is not

The routine conventions of living, thinking, and acting in a group are called ______. attitudes folkways values norms

folkways

Stephen usually eats lunch with three of his co-workers and on the weekends he gets together with his college friends. The people Stephen interacts with represent two types of _____. groups folkways collectivists societies

groups

According to Hofstede, societies with stiff codes of behavior, rules, and laws score _____________ on the uncertainty avoidance index. (Choose high or low.)

high