ILTS Physical Education Content Exam (144)
Experiencing physical activity
- generates highly personal and often unique sensations, emotions, thoughts, and feelings - our experiences have a significant influence on the meanings we attach to particular physical activities.
What is meant by an ability? In what way might abilities limit the level of proficient that we attain in a physical activity?
-Ability is genetic predispositions that offer advantages or disadvantages for particular activities -Someone with natural ability may compensate by unusually ambitious practices and training schedules and get injured or burnt out.
What does the element of competition add to physical activity? When is this helpful, and when might it be harmful?
-Adds a goal and purpose to a sport where players cooperate and strive together. -Helps hold the game together and is an organizing principle to increase enjoyment and push players to better performance. -Hurts when value of friendship, caring and cooperation disappear. Also fosters aggression towards others.
What are the components for the fitness gram?
-Aerobic capacity -Body composition - Muscular strength - Muscular endurance - Flexibility
How many minutes before strenuous activity should a child be hydrated?
20-30 minutes
The recommended length of a single physical education instructional episode should not exceed:
20-30 seconds
A person that is overweight has a BMI of: 20-24.9 35-40.9 25-29.9 30-34.9
25-29.9
In order to benefit from moderate-intensity exercise, what is the minimum amount of time that one should engage each day? 10 minutes 30 minutes 60 minutes 15 minutes
30 minutes
carbs and protein contain __ calories per gram
4
The recommended ratio of positive to corrective feedback is
4 to 1
In slow pitch softball, the distance from home plate to the pitcher's mound for 12-year-olds is: 43 feet 50 feet 46 feet 40 feet
40 feet
In a typical classroom of youngsters, the variation in skeletal maturity is:
5-6 years
How much time should students spend during a class period being actively engaged in the learning process?
70%
how many calories per gram do fats contain
9
The 4 Fat soluble vitamins
A D E K
artery
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
vein
A blood vessel that transports blood to the heart
Discipline
A body of knowledge organized around theme or focus
Asking students to perform complex skills on the balance beam before they have mastered more fundamental skills can be considered:
A breach of duty
sportsmanship
A commitment to fair play, ethical behavior, and integrity, following the rules of the game, respecting the judgment of referees and officials, and treating opponents and officials with respect
depression
A common mental disorder characterized by prolonged feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and gloom
cardiovascular endurance
A component of health-related fitness that describes the ability of the heart, blood vessels, and respiratory system to supply oxygen and nutrients to the muscles during exercise.
electrolyte
A compound or solution that conducts electricity
A curriculum should have a well-designed _______ and ________ to ____________- _______________ of all students?
A curriculum should have a well-designed scope and sequence to allow all students to have success while developing the skills to become a physically educated person.
Kinesiology
A discipline focused on human physical activity
Myth #2
A food supplement is tested to ensure that it is safe and that it meets the claims advertised by the seller. Since 1994 food supplements have been unregulated in the US. They are not tested by the government to make sure the are safe of meet the companies claims. Beware of food supplements.
stretch
A form of exercise that increases or maintains flexibility
circuit training
A form of training that involves moving quickly through a sequence of different exercises with little rest in between each exercise to improve overall performance; a circuit is one completion of all exercises in the sequence
cross training
A form of training that involves training in different ways using different exercises to improve overall performance
Body Mass Index (BMI)
A formula used to assess body fat based on a ratio between height and weight.
set
A group of repetitions
health-related fitness
A health-focused fitness program that aims to improve functioning of the muscles, lungs, or heart
Myth #3
A high protein diet is good for losing weight, building muscle, and maintaining good health. A balanced diet is most effective for fat and weight loss. High protein diets cause quick loss of body water. These duets are high in fat so they can end in health problems.
heat stroke
A life-threatening illness that occurs when the body is exposed to an excessive amount of heat and its cooling system stops working causing the internal body temperature rises to the point where damage to internal organs may result
relative strength
A measure of how much one can lift after adjusting for size and body weight
absolute strength
A measure of how much weight one can lift regardless of body weight and size; the maximum amount a person can lift in one repetition
calorie
A measure of the amount of energy that the body uses while performing an activity; a measure of energy expenditure
The assessment and evaluation procedures associated with determining placement for the child with unique needs are administered by:
A multidisciplinary team
athlete
A person who participates regularly in a sport
Adapted Physical Education (APE)
A physical education program designed to meet the unique needs of an individual with a disability who is unable to fully participate in the general physical education program.
physical fitness
A positive state of well-being with a low risk or premature health problems and with the energy to participate in a variety of physical activities. It is influenced by regular, vigorous physical activity, genetic makeup, and nutritional adequacy.
force
A push or pull applied on a body or object
A reflective teacher takes the time to adjust each instructional activity and lesson plan to meet the needs of whom? Explain!
A reflective teacher takes the time to adjust each instructional activity and lesson plan to meet the needs of each class and individual student within the class. Although each class will be made up of the same grade level, they will have different characteristics and levels of development within them and it is the job of a good physical educator to make sure that every student is getting the full physical education experience.
Why is it important to develop a relationship with your students?
A reflective teacher takes the time to know and understand each of their students. Developing a relationship with your students allows you to understand them on a level a lot of teachers never will.
repetition
A repeated action, rep ie. for two repetitions you perform the action two times
target heart-rate zone
A safe range of activity intensity that can be used to enhance the level of aerobic capacity.
motor skills
A skill that requires voluntary body and/or limb movement to achieve its goal. A skill where the primary determinant of success is the movement component itself. Physical activity directed toward a specific function or goal.
resistance
A specific opposing force that causes the muscles to contract with the expectation of increasing strength, mass, endurance, and/or tone
blood vessel
A tube in the body that transports blood, nutrients, oxygen, and waste material; arteries, veins, arterioles, or capillaries
Academic Learning Time (ALT)
A unit of time during which students are engaged in learning content at an appropriate level of difficulty and in such a way that they have a chance to be successful.
39) How many minutes before strenuous activity should a child be hydrated? (Not sure on this one) 20-30 minutes... A) 20 minutes B) 10 minutes C) 30 minutes D) 15 minutes
A) 20 minutes
191) Which of the following is NOT a step to include in the emergency care plan? A) Conduct in- service sessions on safety. B) Administer first aid to the injured student as a first priority. C) Notify parents as soon as possible when emergency care is provided. D) Release the student to a parent or designated representative.
A) Conduct in- service sessions on safety.
59) Developmental Level I activities are designed for children in grades: A) K- 2. B) 3 - 4. C) 2 - 3. D) 5 - 6.
A) K- 2.
10) Federal mandates that have affected physical education include Title IX and: A) PL 94- 142. B) Title X. C) Title XV D) PL 142 - 99.
A) PL 94- 142.
150) Which of the following is NOT an appropriate instructional method? A) Provide delayed feedback for peak performance. B) Modify equipment to increase the students' chances for success. C) Provide the students with options, if feasible. D) If possible, ask the students for their input regarding any modifications.
A) Provide delayed feedback for peak performance.
131) Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the use of prompts? A) The goal should be to remove the prompt so that behavior is self- motivated. B) Prompts should be used to the point at which students will not perform without them. C) The strongest prompt possible should be used to stimulate the behavior. D) Prompts should always be used.
A) The goal should be to remove the prompt so that behavior is self- motivated.
47) Alternatives to limited equipment include: A) adapting the teaching style to partner or peer-review approaches. B) complaining to the principal. C) allowing students to stand in long lines to wait for their turn. D) playing a large game with one piece of equipment.
A) adapting the teaching style to partner or peer-review approaches.
104) Outcomes that focus on attitudes and behaviors such as learning to cooperate with peers on a team or behaving in a responsible manner are: A) affective outcomes. B) locomotor outcomes. C) psychomotor outcomes. D) cognitive outcomes.
A) affective outcomes.
40) It is recommended that children be tested for fitness: A) at the end of the school year. B) at the beginning of the school year. C) in the middle of the school year. D) never.
A) at the end of the school year.
54) Problem - solving style is useful when teaching: A) proper use of skills for specific solutions, concepts and strategies. B) proper use of skills for specific solutions, fitness, and strategies. C) proper use of skills for specific solutions, fitness, and rules. D) proper use of skills for specific solutions, rules, and strategies.
A) proper use of skills for specific solutions, concepts and strategies.
108) The type of feedback that should be used most is: A) positive. B) equal amounts of corrective and positive. C) corrective. D) negative.
A) positive.
190) Perhaps the most important factor in preventing accidents is: A) recognizing potential high- risk situations. B) purchasing insurance. C) signing a responsibility waiver form. D) having a medical examination.
A) recognizing potential high- risk situations.
94) All of the following are teaching behaviors that can be evaluated EXCEPT: A) response latency. B) instructional time. C) management time. D) skill levels.
A) response latency.
189) Sequencing activities in units of instruction through written lesson plans ensures: A) safe instruction. B) no teacher liability. C) all activities are appropriate for all students. D) the teacher has communicated safety issues to her students.
A) safe instruction.
202) The group collaboration model includes all of the following EXCEPT: A) selecting one academic teacher to take the lead. B) a fair amount of planning. C) learning activities that cut across academic areas. D) identifying a specific theme.
A) selecting one academic teacher to take the lead.
14) A child who watches four or more hours of TV per day: A) should have a greater BMI than children who watch fewer than 2 hours. B) should have the same BMI as children who watch fewer than 2 hours. C) should not have any differences on health variable outcomes. D) most likely comes from a family classified as low income.
A) should have a greater BMI than children who watch fewer than 2 hours.
82) The emphasis of Developmental Level II is: A) sport skills. B) muscle strength. C) fundamental and manipulative motor skills. D) fitness routines and activities.
A) sport skills.
62) Which of the following reflects balance and equilibrium? A) stability B) leverage and motion C) motion and direction D) force
A) stability
174) This type of technology allows students to answer specific questions by responding using a clicker. A) student response system B) tablet C) pedometer D) apps
A) student response system
102) Characteristics of a quality lesson include all of the following EXCEPT: A) students spending time waiting in lines. B) regularly monitored student progress. C) clear objectives and feedback from the teacher. D) a success - oriented learning atmosphere.
A) students spending time waiting in lines.
171) Which instrument is used to assess children's (ages 8 to 12) attraction to physical activity? A) the CAPA instrument B) the scoring rubric C) the PE instrument D) the anecdotal record sheet
A) the CAPA instrument
125) A behavior is most likely to occur again in the future if: A) the desired behavior is followed by positive reinforcement. B) the desired behavior is ignored. C) the desired behavior is not reinforced. D) the desired behavior is followed by negative reinforcement.
A) the desired behavior is followed by positive reinforcement.
55) Development of motor learning skills progresses from all of the following EXCEPT: A) the legs to the arms. B) gross to refined. C) large muscle groups to smaller muscle groups. D) general to specific.
A) the legs to the arms.
44) Which of the following is NOT a variable that must be considered when selecting an appropriate teaching style? A) the ratio of boys to girls B) the objectives of the lesson C) the size of the class D) the activities to be taught
A) the ratio of boys to girls
72) Which environmental factor does NOT affect curriculum development? A) the teacher's interest B) administrators C) facilities and equipment D) the community
A) the teacher's interest
32) Activity workloads should be based on: A) time. B) skill level. C) distance. D) number of repetitions.
A) time.
51) The partner or reciprocal teaching style is NOT: A) useful with unlimited amounts of equipment. B) useful with activities that allow partners to analyze each other. C) useful with activities where partners can time, count, and record each other. D) useful with large classes.
A) useful with unlimited amounts of equipment.
Fat soluble vutamins
Absorbed by fats, extras are stored in fat cells. (Vitamins A, E, D, and K)
NASPE standard 4
Achieves and maintains a health enhancing level of fitnes.teach children about fitness and they should be learning the basics of fitness and participate in fitness. Must understand basic facts about physical fitness
health-enhancing activity
Activity that requires enough work or energy that if done regularly can help improve health
Alternatives to limited equipment include:
Adapting the teaching style to partner or peer-review approaches
Objectives of Physical Education deals with feelings, attitudes, and values changes slower than first two. Self confidence, affiliation, value judgments, character development, communication skills, courtesy, fair play Self- control, self-discipline, fun, tension release, self-expression, learning how to win and lose
Affective - Social and Emotional Domain
PL 94-142 requires that all children with disabilities receive a free and appropriate education in the least restrictive environment from:
Age 3-21
What are the skill related physical fitness qualities?
Agility Speed Coordination Balance Power Reaction time
circulatory system
Also called the cardiovascular system; the bodily system that functions to move blood and lymph throughout the body
A defense against negligence that places the cause of injury on forces beyond the control of the teacher or the school is referred to as:
An act of God
baseline activity
An activity that requires little to no work or energy
heat exhaustion
An illness that ccurs when body fluids are lost through sweating and dehydration, causing the body to overheat; if not treated can progress to a heat stroke
sprain
An injury to a ligament
strain
An injury to a muscle or joint
sport
An organized, competitive, and skillful physical activity
Movement
Any change in the position of your body parts relative to each other.
strength training
Any form of exercise or movement performed to increase overall physical strength
Describe what a principle is and how they affect your teaching?
As a teacher it is important to remember the principal is your "pal", not a principle. Each principal looks at physical education as a time for students to run and play while their real teachers get a break. Quality physical educators never lose sight of the fact they teach in the psychomotor field first and everything else should come second. Good principals understand this and believe in the importance of physical education but need to see some integration of the core into our subject matter.
Which is most generally correct concerning speed and accuracy? As children increase speed, they increase accuracy. As children increase speed, accuracy decreases. As speed decreases, accuracy decreases. Speed and accuracy have no relationship.
As children increase speed, accuracy decreases
Culminating Activity
As skills and concepts progress through phases 1, 2, and 3, the application of the skill occurs in different content areas within games, sports, gymnastics, and dance.
When doing checking for understanding what types of questions should you ask?
Ask students to perform a task learned in the lesson. Ask questions that help you learn what students know. Ask questions that help students think critically about the lesson. SPECIFIC QUESTIONS
Describe the difference between assessing and grading? Which is the most important? How do you use each of them?
Assessing is not only for giving grades but to determine how well students are progressing, not only in the unit but also for each individual skill and objective. Assessing is watching your students in every day class to ensure that they are learning the necessary lessons and are working for success, while grading is to watch to see if they do a skill precisely right and how well they are able to achieve that skill under a testing circumstance.
Describe four positive features to a well written middle school curriculum?
Assessment-driven learning, individualized instruction to promote learning, development of fitness knowledge and testing, and content planned and selected to promote a physically active lifestyle.
126) Which of the following is an example of effective praise? A) "I do not see why you cannot do better." B) "Excellent, you tucked your head just right in your forward roll." C) "You are an excellent student." D) "Good job."
B) "Excellent, you tucked your head just right in your forward roll."
184) A type of negligence where the injured party can recover damages only if found to be less negligent than the defendant (teacher) is referred to as: A) "malfeasance." B) "comparative negligence." C) "assumption of risk." D) "contributory negligence."
B) "comparative negligence."
17) Basic skills and/or functional skills are also called: A) "basketball skills." B) "fundamental skills." C) "motor skills." D) "secondary skills."
B) "fundamental skills."
107) Keywords that quickly and efficiently communicate proper technique and performance of skills and movement tasks are referred to as: A) "integrated cues." B) "instructional cues." C) "nonverbal cues." D) "positive feedback."
B) "instructional cues."
130) The principle stating that a highly desirable activity can be used to motivate students to learn an activity that they enjoy to a lesser degree is referenced to as: A) "social reinforcement." B) "the Premack principle." C) "activity reinforcement." D) "token reinforcement."
B) "the Premack principle."
66) Based on a 30 -minute lesson, the introductory activity should last: A) 3 - 5 minutes. B) 2 - 3 minutes. C) 5 - 10 minutes. D) 4 - 7 minutes.
B) 2 - 3 minutes.
60) Developmental Level II activities are designed for children in grades: A) K- 2. B) 3 - 4. C) 2 - 3. D) 5 - 6.
B) 3 - 4.
122) ________ is described as the use of either observable or unobservable aggressive behavior where there is an imbalance of power between the offender and the offended. A) Bribing B) Bullying C) Hacking D) Teasing
B) Bullying
83) Which developmental level activities place more emphasis on specialized skills and sport activities? A) Developmental Level I B) Developmental Level II C) Developmental Level III D) Developmental Level IV
B) Developmental Level II
164) Which of the following are reasons for using a grading system? A) Principals use grades to reward teachers. B) Grades foster academic respect for physical education. C) Grades represent learning. D) Parents value grades.
B) Grades foster academic respect for physical education.
146) The assessment and evaluation procedures associated with determining placement for the child with unique needs are administered by: A) the special educator. B) a multidisciplinary team. C) the physical educator. D) the adapted physical education specialist.
B) a multidisciplinary team.
75) Behavioral objectives contain all of the following key characteristics EXCEPT: A) a criterion for success that can be measured. B) a rubric for determining grades. C) a desired behavior that is observable. D) a behavior that is measurable.
B) a rubric for determining grades.
103) Major variables of diversity that influence how teachers and students think and learn include all of the following EXCEPT: A) race/ethnicity. B) age. C) gender. D) ability.
B) age.
161) Which of the following can be described as a list of student names that has room for comments about student behavior? A) rating scale B) anecdotal record sheet C) student log D) checklist rubric
B) anecdotal record sheet
193) The legal concept of a(n) ________ implies that some piece of equipment or apparatus, usually left unsupervised, was so attractive to children that they could not be expected to avoid using it. A) assumption of risk B) attractive nuisances C) proximate cause D) attractive object
B) attractive nuisances
11) When physical educators do not have the educational background to handle both children with and without disabilities in the same class they should: A) challenge the decision to group students together. B) be provided with constructive approaches to teaching students with disabilities. C) teach one group at a time to prevent issues. D) tell the principal.
B) be provided with constructive approaches to teaching students with disabilities.
114) Personal behavior plans include all of the following EXCEPT: A) designing a plan for yourself when such feelings occur. B) being friends with the students. C) knowing the options you have for dealing with deviant behavior. D) acknowledging feelings when students misbehave.
B) being friends with the students.
157) Motor skill learning is: A) usually perfected in physical education or sport. B) best taught if focusing on the process. C) based on newly acquired facts. D) product- focused to determine teaching effectiveness.
B) best taught if focusing on the process.
77) Explaining rules and regulations of a game as well as strategies to succeed is related to which domain? A) affective B) cognitive C) psychomotor D) neuromuscular
B) cognitive
140) Punishment should be: A) delivered after several warnings are given. B) consistent and fit the crime. C) delivered in a harsh manner. D) delivered to the entire class for the deviant behavior of a few.
B) consistent and fit the crime.
183) When improper behavior by the injured party causes the accident, the defense in a liability suit may claim: A) assumption of risk. B) contributory negligence. C) proximate cause. D) act of commission.
B) contributory negligence.
71) The initial step in curriculum design is to: A) organize a curriculum committee. B) define a philosophy of physical education. C) define goals. D) define objectives.
B) define a philosophy of physical education.
28) Elementary age children who do best in activities requiring slow twitch fibers also do best in: A) balance. B) distance running. C) flexibility. D) flexed- arm hang.
B) distance running.
35) Children who feel incompetent in performing physical skills will usually: A) work harder than other children. B) drop out of physical education when possible. C) perform poorly on motor skills tests. D) have a positive opinion about physical activity.
B) drop out of physical education when possible.
2) Fundamentally, physical education is: A) intellectual activities. B) education through movement. C) sports and games. D) attitude development.
B) education through movement.
58) Practice based on proper technique as opposed to outcome: A) does not allow students to take risks. B) encourages students to learn the skill correctly. C) does not provide enough practice. D) is not as effective as product-based practice.
B) encourages students to learn the skill correctly.
121) Strategies for increasing responsible student behavior in the instructional setting include all of the following EXCEPT: A) giving students specific feedback about the quality of their behavior. B) enforcing rules with punishment. C) modeling desirable behavior. D) allowing time for students to think about their attitudes.
B) enforcing rules with punishment.
201) The benefits of integration include all of the following EXCEPT: A) helping students who are kinesthetic learners. B) finding the time to develop the lessons. C) building goodwill in the school. D) teaching content in a new setting through a different method.
B) finding the time to develop the lessons.
148) An IEP contains all of the following EXCEPT: A) a statement of special education and related services to be provided. B) future status of the child's level of educational performance. C) dates for initiation of services and duration. D) long- term goals and short-term instructional objectives.
B) future status of the child's level of educational performance.
165) Arguments for grading in elementary physical education include all of the following EXCEPT: A) grades reward skilled students. B) grading is absolute and without error. C) grading makes physical education similar to other subjects. D) grades communicate the performance of students to parents.
B) grading is absolute and without error.
138) Behavior games can NOT be used to: A) develop behaviors to enhance the learning environment. B) have students compete against each other. C) change whole class behavior. D) help students persist at learning activities.
B) have students compete against each other.
36) Children consider which of the following to be the most important reasons for playing youth sports? A) winning and improving their skills B) having fun and improving their skills C) winning and having fun D) having fun and hearing their parents yell during competitions
B) having fun and improving their skills
73) All of the following are important factors to consider for scheduling EXCEPT: A) length of time scheduled for physical education classes. B) impact of scheduling on curriculum development. C) number of days per week. D) physical education teacher's coaching responsibilities and timeframe.
B) impact of scheduling on curriculum development.
57) The type of feedback that is internal and travels through the senses is: A) knowledge of results. B) intrinsic feedback. C) general feedback. D) extrinsic feedback.
B) intrinsic feedback.
65) The part of the lesson that sets the tone for the rest of the lesson is the: A) closing activity. B) introductory activity. C) objective. D) lesson focus.
B) introductory activity.
143) Least restrictive environment: A) is established at the start of the IEP and remains the same. B) is the same for all lessons. C) can vary from day to day. D) refers to physical education settings only.
B) is the same for all lessons.
33) All of the following are reasons children should be allowed to play all positions during youth sports EXCEPT: A) children should receive similar amounts of practice time. B) it keeps the focus on winning. C) "the rich get richer, and the poor get poorer." D) maturity plays an important role in how youngsters learn motor skills.
B) it keeps the focus on winning.
98) Which of the following education decisions does NOT make a lesson feel as if it were specifically designed for each student? A) encouraging student creativity B) making students understand that their ideas are unimportant C) allowing students to make educational decisions D) understanding the diversity of the class
B) making students understand that their ideas are unimportant
5) Better teaching methodology arose because of: A) physical fitness oriented activities. B) movement education. C) teaching athletic skills. D) the application of movement principles.
B) movement education.
181) Failure to provide proper spotting for high- risk activities is an act of omission referred to in legal terms as: A) misfeasance. B) nonfeasance. C) malfeasance. D) contributory negligence.
B) nonfeasance.
144) Least restrictive environment means: A) no one can be rejected because of a disability. B) not all individuals can do all of the same activities in the same environment. C) all individuals can do all of the same activities in the same environment. D) not all individuals need access to physical education.
B) not all individuals can do all of the same activities in the same environment.
69) Which of the following is NOT part of a balanced curriculum? A) fundamental skills B) offensive and defensive strategies C) rhythms and dance D) sports skills
B) offensive and defensive strategies
64) Which of the following formations is most appropriate for the reciprocal style of teaching? A) mass or scattered B) partner C) squad D) lane or file
B) partner
3) The Kraus-Weber assessment of 1954 compared American and European children on the basis of: A) motor performance. B) physical fitness scores. C) attitude toward physical activity. D) cognitive performance.
B) physical fitness scores.
63) Usually the most effective method of distributing individual equipment such as jump ropes, beanbags, and hoops is to: A) leave it in a box in the center of the teaching area. B) place it around the perimeter of the teaching area. C) choose a student to distribute equipment. D) spread it out in a corner of the teaching area.
B) place it around the perimeter of the teaching area.
19) The most powerful determining factor influencing people to be active is: A) biological. B) psychological. C) social. D) environmental.
B) psychological.
158) Which of the following domains assesses the learning of motor skills? A) fitness B) psychomotor C) cognitive D) affective
B) psychomotor
110) This teaching behavior can be evaluated by recording the time it takes for the class to stop an activity. A) instructional time B) response latency C) student performance D) management time
B) response latency
123) Peer mediation steps include all but the following: A) signing a contract. B) selecting a predetermined solution. C) tell each story or grievance. D) verifying the story.
B) selecting a predetermined solution.
88) Planning for articulation of program material throughout elementary, middle, and secondary school programs is: A) balance. B) sequence or vertical articulation. C) yearly continuity. D) scope or horizontal articulation.
B) sequence or vertical articulation.
91) When communicating with a learner teachers should: A) use general comments. B) speak about specific behavior. C) communicate their feelings about the student. D) accentuate the negative.
B) speak about specific behavior.
21) During the elementary years, boys are generally: A) shorter and lighter. B) taller and heavier. C) taller and lighter. D) shorter and heavier.
B) taller and heavier.
26) Genetics determines: A) the type of muscle fibers an individual possesses. B) the number of muscle fibers an individual possesses. C) the size of the muscles. D) the weight of the muscles.
B) the number of muscle fibers an individual possesses.
179) Before negligence can be proved, the failure of the teacher to conform to the required standard of care must be ruled: A) nonfeasance. B) the proximate cause of the resulting injury. C) misfeasance. D) an act of God.
B) the proximate cause of the resulting injury.
80) Which is NOT a basic urge of children? A) the urge to cooperate B) the urge to be inactive C) the urge for creative satisfaction D) the urge for rhythmic expression
B) the urge to be inactive
86) Scope of the curriculum refers to: A) vertical articulation. B) the yearly content. C) developmental levels. D) allotting a percentage of time to program areas.
B) the yearly content.
127) All of the following are considered reinforcers EXCEPT: A) praise. B) time out. C) attention. D) free time.
B) time out.
31) The best criterion to use in determining exercise workloads for children is: A) the distance covered during a run. B) time. C) number of laps. D) number of repetitions.
B) time.
128) Stars, points, and certificates of achievement awards are examples of: A) social reinforcers. B) token reinforcers. C) the Premack principle. D) activity reinforcers.
B) token reinforcers.
53) Inquiry style enhances: A) complying. B) understanding. C) absorbing. D) listening.
B) understanding.
locomotor skills
Basic motor skills involving a change of position of the feet and/or a change of direction of the body. Locomotor skills include walking, running, hopping, skipping, jumping, leaping, sliding, and galloping.
manipulative movements
Basic motor skills involving handling an object. Examples include throwing, catching, kicking, rolling, dribbling, trapping, striking, and volleying.
Nonlocomotor Skills List
Bending, rocking/swaying, swinging, turning, twisting, pushing, pulling, pushing/pulling combination, fleeing/chasing, tagging
The most rapid period of growth in children occurs from:
Birth to 5 years of age
physical activity
Bodily movement that is produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle and that substantially increases energy expenditure, including exercise, sport, dance, and other movement forms.
Fiber
Body can't digest it but it prevents constipation and helps to move waste through the body. (Bran, oatmeal, whole wheat bread)
Which of the following is NOT a step to take when completing a static stretching routine? Bounce gently as you stretch. Breathe regularly as you stretch. Warm up before stretching. Hold the stretch for at least 15 seconds.
Bounce gently as you stretch.
Physical education teachers must be careful not to make stereotypical statements with regard to physical activity. Which of the following is an example of a stereotypical statement? Some girls are better throwers than some boys. Boys are better throwers than girls. Some boys throw just as well as some girls. Some boys are better throwers than some girls.
Boys are better throwers than girls.
43) The continuum of teaching styles ranges from: A) student controlled to teacher controlled. B) free exploration to direct teaching. C) direct teaching to free exploration. D) direct teaching to teacher controlled.
C) direct teaching to free exploration.
139) A key point in designing a behavior game is that: A) the focus should be on competition. B) breaking rules should result in severe punishment. C) each game should be structured so that anyone is able to win. D) each game should have complicated rules.
C) each game should be structured so that anyone is able to win.
97) Which of the following is NOT effective for teaching and valuing diversity? A) help students learn the similarities and differences among cultures B) make children aware of acts of discrimination C) encourage students to comply with societal expectations for cultural norms D) teach youngsters to communicate effectively with other cultures, races and genders
C) encourage students to comply with societal expectations for cultural norms
152) Which of the following is NOT a concept that aids in understanding and appreciating individual differences? A) stressing the acceptance of all children B) understanding human differences and focusing on the concept that all people have some type of disability C) encouraging segregation programs D) exploring ways to deal with those who differ without overhelping
C) encouraging segregation programs
203) Which of the following is an example of integrating mathematics into physical education? A) exploring the origin and adaptation of present- day sports B) studying the origins of various activities C) estimation D) playing and studying games of different countries
C) estimation
196) Which of the following is a critical part of a waiver form? A) waiving the rights of participants B) protection of the school in cases where negligence can be proved C) evidence that sports are entered into with full knowledge of the risks involved D) exemption of the teachers and coaches to be found liable if injuries occur
C) evidence that sports are entered into with full knowledge of the risks involved
137) Behavior contracts are effective: A) because they contain no rewards. B) for individual students, not whole classes. C) for students with severe behavior problems. D) because they are never phased out.
C) for students with severe behavior problems.
29) Overweight children who exercise: A) require a higher oxygen uptake capacity to perform a given task. B) do not work as hard as normal -weight children. C) have lower maximal uptake values than those of lean children. D) often perform physical activities on a par with leaner children.
C) have lower maximal uptake values than those of lean children.
113) Adding specific information or value to feedback: A) does not affect desired student behavior. B) decreases the desired student behavior. C) improves desired student behavior. D) confuses the student.
C) improves desired student behavior.
159) Almost all assessment in an elementary school setting is: A) valid. B) formal. C) informal. D) reliable.
C) informal.
90) Effective listening skills are promoted by all of the following EXCEPT: A) paraphrasing what the student said. B) listening for the hidden message of the speaker. C) interrupting the speaker to ask questions. D) being an active listener.
C) interrupting the speaker to ask questions.
34) Perceived competence: A) begins developing during adolescence. B) changes with age. C) is how people feel about their ability level. D) begins developing in the womb.
C) is how people feel about their ability level.
175) The legal term most closely related to legal responsibility is: A) civil action. B) tort. C) liability. D) due process.
C) liability.
134) Placing students in time out: A) should reinforce children. B) should never be discussed with the students. C) means an unacceptable behavior has occurred. D) should only be done by the teacher.
C) means an unacceptable behavior has occurred.
37) A safe exercise program for children should be based on opportunities to participate in recreational activity and: A) sporadic exercise. B) seasonal exercise. C) moderate exercise. D) strenuous exercise.
C) moderate exercise.
68) A balance of activities from lifetime activities, team sports, rhythmic activities, personal fitness, recreational activities and low organized games can be arranged to make a: A) movement education curriculum. B) personal curriculum. C) multi- activity curriculum. D) sport education curriculum.
C) multi- activity curriculum.
93) All of the following are strategies that can be used to help youngsters learn to make decisions EXCEPT: A) limit the number of student choices. B) offer open- ended tasks. C) omit the use of problem- solving approaches. D) allow students to modify activities.
C) omit the use of problem- solving approaches.
197) Procedures associated with students participating in after - school sports programs include all of the following EXCEPT: A) purchasing medical insurance. B) signing a responsibility waiver form. C) passing a mile- run test. D) having a medical examination.
C) passing a mile- run test.
6) Using both sides of the body and practicing balance skills is an example of: A) sport skills. B) fitness skills. C) perceptual motor principles. D) academic achievement.
C) perceptual motor principles.
13) Physical education's role in improving student's health status focuses on: A) stress relief and eating habits. B) eating habits and tobacco. C) physical activity and eating habits. D) physical activity and tobacco.
C) physical activity and eating habits.
170) The two standards that have been used to measure accountability for the profession are: A) physical fitness and motor skill competency. B) physical fitness and enjoyment. C) physical activity and enjoyment. D) physical activity and motor skill competency.
C) physical activity and enjoyment.
4) Research during World War I led to: A) reconditioning programs not being necessary. B) Americans being in the best physical shape in history. C) physical education development after the war. D) the efficacy of physical fitness development.
C) physical education development after the war.
149) With regard to the IEP, due process serves to: A) provide services that are due to the student. B) ensure that dues are processed to the school. C) protect the rights of all parties involved. D) follow a process relevant to school fees.
C) protect the rights of all parties involved.
118) All of the following are effective strategies for grouping students EXCEPT: A) Whistle Mixer. B) creating circles using "fall in." C) student leaders picking teams. D) finding partners using "toe - to- toe."
C) student leaders picking teams.
52) Cooperative learning is most successful when: A) groups are not monitored. B) students work independently. C) students switch roles often. D) tasks proceed from complex to simple.
C) students switch roles often.
156) Assessment instruments can be used for all of the following EXCEPT: A) motivation. B) grading. C) teacher value. D) diagnosis.
C) teacher value.
95) Instructional effectiveness in a diverse setting includes: A) gender segregated group activities. B) encouraging students to comply with societal expectations for cultural norms. C) teachers encouraging and respecting diversity. D) never discussing issues with diversity.
C) teachers encouraging and respecting diversity.
67) Playing a game that uses skills developed in the lesson focus is an example of: A) the fitness activity. B) the task analysis. C) the closing activity. D) the introductory activity.
C) the closing activity.
24) Which body type is identified as being extremely thin, with a minimum of muscle development? A) the endomorph B) the mesomorph C) the ectomorph D) the somatotype
C) the ectomorph
41) In preadolescent children, it appears that strength gains occur from the development of more efficient motor patterns and: A) muscle hypertrophy. B) intense training. C) the recruitment of more muscle fibers. D) the increase in muscle size.
C) the recruitment of more muscle fibers.
1) If inactive children do NOT receive quality instruction: A) they are usually more physically skilled. B) they can be convinced to participate in activities. C) they are likely to mature into inactive adults. D) they are more likely to be active adults.
C) they are likely to mature into inactive adults.
Personal & Social Responsibility Model (PSRM)
Focuses on the development of the whole student, including how students think, feel, and interact with others. Embraces students as individuals, provides them with a voice, allows them to make decisions on their own, and places less emphasis on skill development and academic achievement.
cardiorespiratory system
Composed of the circulatory (cardiovascular) and respiratory systems, the bodily system made up of the lungs, heart, and blood vessels
Subdiscipline
Constitute the spheres of scholarly study of physical activity.
How can content standards help teachers?
Content standards help teachers because as our book describes content standards as "Framework" to ensure children obtain the right education.
When improper behavior by the injured party causes the accident, the defense in a liability suit may claim:
Contributory negligence
Describe cooperative learning style of teaching and at least one benefit?
Cooperative learning is designed to place students in a variety of different-sized groups to work toward a common goal. Although cooperative learning activities take time to develop and for students to be successful in, they help foster leadership and promote unity of a group.
What is COPEC and AAHPERD? *national organization providing support and assistance to professionals involved in physical education, recreation, fitness, sports and coaching, health education, and dance
Council on Physical Education For Children & American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance
COPEC
Council on Physical Education for Children
According to the Cultural Studies curriculum, which was developed in response to perceived inadequacies in current programs, students who can interpret, illuminate, and appraise physical activities, sport infrastructures, and sports cultures are: Physically fit Cultural Studies connoisseurs Cultural studies aware Risk-takers
Cultural Studies connoisseurs
When we say curriculum is like a blue print what do we mean? Explain in detail!
Curriculum is designed to be a long-term plan to facilitate learning from kindergarten to gradation, but the curriculum should be looked at as a living-breathing thing, which grows and develops over time to meet the needs of those individuals it affects. The curriculum should be looked at as a blue print to go by, but reflective teachers will take the time to look over the curriculum not as something written in stone, but something developing and evolving over time.
112) Which of the following is the best example of positive feedback with value content? A) "Nice throw." B) "Great kick." C) "That's the way to tuck your head on the forward roll." D) "Excellent catch. You bent your elbows while catching, which created a soft home for the ball."
D) "Excellent catch. You bent your elbows while catching, which created a soft home for the ball."
25) In a typical classroom of youngsters, the variation in skeletal maturity is: A) 3 -4 years. B) 7 - 8 years. C) 1 -2 years. D) 5 - 6 years.
D) 5 - 6 years.
61) Developmental Level III activities are designed for children in grades: A) K- 2. B) 3 - 4. C) 2 - 3. D) 5 - 6.
D) 5 - 6.
Complete proteins
Food that contain all 9 of the essential amino acids found mostly in meat. (Fish, meat, poultry, eggs, cheese)
Incomplete protiens
Foods that contain some but not all of the 9 essential amino acids. Found in plant sources. (Beans, nuts, rice)
7) Movement education: A) emphasizes learning specialized skills. B) originated in Germany. C) originated in Sweden. D) is based on problem solving and exploration.
D) is based on problem solving and exploration.
180) Which of the following is a type of negligence that is also referred to as an "act of commission"? A) contributory negligence B) nonfeasance C) misfeasance D) malfeasance
D) malfeasance
46) Effective use of a direct teaching style: A) includes children waiting in line. B) involves children listening to the teacher lecture. C) includes children spending time passively watching and listening. D) minimizes time children spend passively watching.
D) minimizes time children spend passively watching.
129) Using a teacher demonstration to prompt an acceptable behavior is an example of: A) feedback. B) verbal cues. C) nonverbal cues. D) modeling.
D) modeling.
147) IEPs: A) do not need to be modified over time. B) are not a requirement for a student with special needs. C) are written by the special education teacher only. D) must contain a statement of annual goals and short- term instructional objectives.
D) must contain a statement of annual goals and short- term instructional objectives.
30) Overweight children find strength related tasks difficult because: A) they are not as skilled as normal-weight children. B) they do not possesses the right slow twitch muscle fibers. C) they are weaker than normal-weight children. D) of the relationship of their body size to weight.
D) of the relationship of their body size to weight.
85) The yearly content of the curriculum refers to: A) balance. B) value orientations. C) sequence. D) scope.
D) scope.
87) The ordering of the program that clearly defines the skills and learning experiences to be implemented on a year- to-year basis refers to: A) balance. B) value orientations. C) scope. D) sequence.
D) sequence.
182) Most states have laws specifying that a child under ________ years of age is incapable of contributory negligence. A) twelve B) eleven C) nine D) seven
D) seven
8) Perceptual-motor programs were developed out of concern for: A) older children. B) children with disabilities. C) gifted children. D) slow academic learners.
D) slow academic learners.
74) Content standards determine all of the following EXCEPT: A) the criteria used to select activities. B) what students should know and be able to do. C) the direction of the program. D) student grades.
D) student grades.
135) Which approach moves youngsters out of the class setting and into a predesignated area when they misbehave? A) the cool - off B) the punishment C) the consequence D) the time - out
D) the time - out
48) When students are involved in the monitoring process: A) they are not mature enough to monitor learning. B) they tend to cheat. C) they do not share in the learning responsibility. D) their understanding of the objectives is enhanced.
D) their understanding of the objectives is enhanced.
92) Which of the following is NOT a recommended means for personalizing instruction? A) offer a variety of task challenges B) modify tasks and activities C) offer open- ended tasks D) use peer competition
D) use peer competition
117) A standard guideline for giving instructions to a class is: A) when before where. B) what before how. C) how before where. D) when before what.
D) when before what.
lung
Either of the two sac-like respiratory organs used for the exchange of gases in the body; organ that enables you to breathe air
Cultural Studies Curriculum in Physical Activity and Sport
Emphasizes students' development as "literate and critical consumers of sport, physical activity, and the movement culture". Learning experiences occur both in the classroom and the gymnasium.
Replayed subjective experiences
Endure in memory for months, years, or even a lifetime Self-reflection refers to reliving a past experience
Everything a quality physical educator does has a ___________ too ____________- _______________ and give every student a chance at _____________.
Everything a quality physical educator does has a PURPOSE to FACILITATE LEARNING and give every student a chance at SUCCESS.
Which of the following is an example of effective praise?
Excellent, you tucked your head just right in your forward roll.
dehydration
Excessive loss of body fluid that occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in
What two general categories of physical activity receive the most attention in kinesiology? What are the subclassifications of these categories?
Exercise and skilled movement. Exercise (training, health-related, therapy) Skilled Movement (sport, developmental skill)
anaerobic activity
Exercise of short duration that is performed at a more strenuous level, so increased respiration and heart rate cannot provide sufficient oxygen to the muscle cells. Examples of anaerobic activity include sprinting, weight training, gymnastics, and football.
aerobic activity
Exercise that can be performed for a long duration because the energy required can be provided by the burning of fuel, which normally occurs in muscle cells in the presence of oxygen. Aerobic activity my help control body weight, reduce the percentage of body fat, improve the circulatory function and respiratory functions, and reduce blood pressure. Examples include dance, cycling, jogging, walking and kickboxing.
What are the three sources of knowledge of kinesiology?
Experiencing physical activity, Scholarly study of physical activity, and Practicing a physical activity profession
instruction behavior
Expertise in instructional media, technology, and physical education content. Knowledge of students' needs and backgrounds. Sequence tasks progressively based on differing students' abilities and progress towards the lesson objectives. Modify lesson plans during instruction according to students' needs and abilities.
Instructional Tasks (related directly to teaching)
Explaining or performing a skill, or strategy, and evaluating students' performances.
Describe how equipment and facilities are issues in physical education.
Facilities are always the toughest thing to impact as a teacher. We are not able to build new gyms or crate larger outdoor fields to teach in. However, we are able to make the most of our facilities by using them in such a way they facilitate learning. Taking the time to look and see what other options are available helps create new ways to use the same facilities for new learning opportunities. Equipment is one area in which the reflective teacher is able to make the largest impact on learning. Quality teachers modify games and activities to facilitate learning with the equipment available to them.
"Back-to-Basics" schools were designed as a response to the increase in special programs like the arts and physical education.
False
A delayed punishment is more effective than one delivered immediately after the misbehavior.
False
Balancing and twisting are examples of locomotor skills.
False
Children appear to adjust to heat more quickly than adults.
False
Children exercising at a certain workload perceive the activity to be more intense than do adults working at a similar level.
False
Compared to other subject matter areas physical education is NOT as vulnerable to accidents and potential injuries.
False
Contributory negligence is a possible defense against a lawsuit involving children less than seven years of age.
False
Courts are more understanding about mismatched opponents in the physical education setting than in an athletic contest.
False
Most students receive physical education instruction daily throughout the academic year.
False
Motor development for boys and girls is the same.
False
Negative and corrective feedback is effective when delivered to the individual publicly in front of the entire class.
False
Negligence does NOT have to be proven in a court of law.
False
PL 94-142 does NOT include children in private care facilities.
False
PL 94-142 prohibits segregation of children with special needs.
False
Physical education content standards can be accomplished in many areas of a school curriculum.
False
Physical educators should never offer advice to parents and community leaders regarding sport activity programs.
False
Placing equipment in a box or pile is an effective means of distribution.
False
Quality physical education programs make competition the core of the program
False
Research indicates that teachers treat boys and girls equally in the classroom.
False
Students will automatically accept a student with differing needs.
False
The responsibility of a school system does NOT include providing a quality education for all students.
False
Value and attitude development are developed through the cognitive domain.
False
Youngsters demonstrate a slow recovery rate after strenuous exercise.
False
Public Law 108-265; Section 204
Federal mandate requiring school districts with federally funded school-meals programs to develop and implement local wellness policies for schools
Understanding P.E What is a set of attributes that people have or achieve relating to their ability to perform physical activity
Fitness
organization behavior
Formulate plans with specific objectives and tasks that minimize transition and management time. Maximize opportunities for students to practice skills. Supervise and monitor student performance and provide feedback. Assess students' progress of lesson plan objectives.
multiple intelligences theory
Gardner's theory that individuals have 8 independent intelligences--bodily-kinesthetic, linguistic, local-mathematical, spatial, musical, naturalist, interpersonal, and interpersonal--that combine to form each person's unique cognitive structure
What affects caloric intake needs?
Gender, age, height, weight, physical activity level, and metabolism.
What are gestures, and what purposes do they serve in our daily living?
Gestures are movements of our hands, fingers, or other body parts used to communicate our intentions to others. They help us communicate without the use of words.
Give an example of how an individual may internalize a daily run through the park
Girl is invited to run with her friend through a park. She becomes excited to spend time with friend. She makes it a point to clear her schedule to go run. SHe loves the way she feels when running and goes even if the friend doesn't. Starts running marathons and puts her identity into being a "runner."
When using cooperative learning style students are:
Given the opportunity to work with each other regularly
According to the National Standards for Physical Education of the NASPE, at which grade level should a student first be able to set a personal responsibility goal? Grade 2 Kindergarten Grade 6 Grade 4
Grade 4
When monitoring the physical activity environment which of the following should NOT be used:
Grouping students randomly no matter what the activity
Affective
Growth in emotional areas
Describe guided discovery style of teaching and at least one benefit?
Guided discovery style sets up a learning environment that is designed to lead students to the correct answer, by having discussions over what has been accomplished during the activity. Students have the opportunity to discuss what worked and what didn't to find the best way of performing the activity.
Institutional Tasks (related to the setting in which teaching occurs)
Hall duty, lunch room supervision, attend curriculum and department meetings, conduct parent-teacher conferences.
List the spheres of professional practice centered in physical activity, and give an example of a career in the physical activity professions for each sphere.
Health and fitness (group exercise instructor), therapeutic exercise (athletic trainer), teaching physical education (elementary school physical education teacher), coaching and sport education (college golf coach), sport management (high school athletic director
Calcium
Help build and maintain bones. Vital for women to help prevent osteoporosis.
High Quality Programs (NASPE)
Help students develop health-related fitness, physical competence, and cognitive understanding of the many different facets of physical activity. Focus on meeting the developmental needs of students and developing the skills, knowledge, and attitudes essential to adopting a healthy and physically active lifestyle
Sodium
Helps body cells function properly. Most people consume more sodium then they need which can cause hypertension, when the body retains water, and causes high blood pressure.
Why do children need physical education?
Helps children maintain an active lifestyle into their adult life.
Iron
Helps to transfer oxygen through bloodstream to all of your body. Iron deficiencies are common in women.
List the spheres of scholarly study
History of physical activity, Sociology of physical activity, motor behavior, sport and exercise psychology, biomechanics, physiology of physical activity, philosophy of physical activity
Spheres of Scholarly Study of Physical Activity
History of physical activity, Sociology of physical activity, motor behavior, sport and exercise psychology, biomechanics, physiology of physical activity, philosophy of physical activity
Assessment & Accountability
Holds physical education programs and teachers accountable for student achievement.
Education Practicums Certifications Professional Courses Personal development Related experiences Professional involvement
How can you improve or increase your professional preparation?
Provide meaningful in-service programs Increased feedback about performance by administration Participation in professional organizations Revitalize oneself on time off with hobbies or non-work related activities Maintain good health
How would you prevent a burnout?
Myth #4
If you limit the amount of fat in your food, you do not need to be concerned with how many calories a food contains. A total amount of less calories helps weight maintenance. Fats do not have many more calories per gram then carbs and proteins. Things that say low fat can actually be high fat.
Formative
Implemented at the beginning or during a unit of instruction. Informs whether students are learning. Informs how to plan upcoming lessons for students to achieve the unit goals and objectives
Summative
Implemented at the end of a unit of instruction. Informs what students have learned over the course of the unit. Usually associated of equated with a grade.
Teaching Games for Understanding/Tactical Games Model
Improves students' game performance by combining tactical awareness with skill execution to increase students' interest and excitement about games/sports.
Adding specific information or value to feedback:
Improves the desired student behavior
Minerals
Inorganic substances the body cannot produce, they help regulate vital body processes. They provide no energy or calories.
Keywords that quickly and efficiently communicate proper technique and performance of skills and movement tasks are referred to as:
Instructional cues
globalization
Interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations
The type of feedback that is internal and travels through the senses is:
Intrinsic feedback
Symptoms
Irregular periods, fatigue, weight loss, broken bones and soreness
Describe four positive features to a well written high school curriculum?
Is designed to meet national and any state standards required, supports the skill development of students at all levels of learning, supports positive social interaction between the students, and develops students interest and understanding for becoming a lifelong mover.
Least restrictive environment:
Is the same for all lesson
Physical education specialist
Is to help develop student's physical skills and abilities through school curriculum
Describe the contribution that physical education makes to the general education programs of each child.
It helps students with wellness skills. Gives the children who are inactive and unskilled time to participate/learn activities. It also emphasizes helping every child succeed.
Nonverbal feedback is effective because:
It is easily interpreted by students
All of the following are reasons children should be allowed to play all positions during youth sports except
It keeps the focus on winning
learning disability
a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or using language to accomplish tasks; disorders of attention, poor motor abilities, inappropriate social behavior
cholesterol
a fatlike substance implicated in narrowing of the arteries in coronary heart disease; it can be manufactured within the body or consumed in the diet from animal fat. HDL, LDL
body type
a general description of body shape and build based on fat and muscle distribution
challenge activities
a group of students solve a movement challenge while working as a team; roles include organizer, praiser or recorder, encourager, and summarizer.
wellness
a holistic term that encompasses emotional, spiritual, physical, mental, and social well-being
ability
a learner's perception of how well she or he is capable of performing
effort
a learner's rating of how hard she or he tried to perform well in a given situation
opportunity to respond (OTR)
a measure of the number of appropriate, successful task responses made by students
physical education teacher
a person who has completed an undergraduate degree in physical education pedagogy and is certified by the state to teach physical education in K-12 schools
rough-and-tumble play
a physically vigorous set of behaviors characterized by positive affect and playful facial expressions
The practice of evaluating the execution of a specific movement, rather than the outcome of the skill performed, is referred to as:
a process of learning outcome.
special friends
a program that assigns 2 children w/o intellectual disabilities to initiate interactions with and include in play activities a child with a disability
Brain Gym
a set of activities developed by Dennison and Dennison that stimulate the mind and body to prepare a child to learn
open motor skill
a skill performed in an environment where the object is in motion or the context is changing
closed motor skill
a skill performed in an environment where the object waits to be moved or the context does not change
injury report form
a standardized form, used by a school or school district, that teachers complete to report an injury occurrence to school administrators
overt aggression
a type of aggression consisting of behaviors that hurt others such as hitting, kicking, or threatening to do so
relational aggression
a type of aggression in which children ostracize their peers or withdraw their friendships from peers
IEP's
a. must contain a statement of annual goals and short-term instructional objectives.
Service
according to Sherrill, this is the closest synonym to professionalism.
body management skills and gymnastics
activities concerned with the control of movement and the transference of body weight during movement.
best practices
activities conducted using up-to-date instructional methods, appropriate skill progressions, and proper supervision techniques and providing safety knowledge to students.
recreational activity skills
activities for recreational purposes done outdoors
warm-up
activities such as brisk walking, calisthenics, or other large muscle activity that prepare the body for activity by increasing the heart rate and blood flow to the muscles
cool-down
activities such as gradually decreasing the intensity of an exercise or walking
calming activities
activities such as stretching exercises, relaxation techniques, calming musical transitions, or five minutes of free time
flow experiences
activities that are exhilarating and challenging, provide enjoyment, and build internal motivation
indirect competition
activities that encourage children to improve individual accomplishments, achieve self-set goals or preset standards, and engage in cooperative play
motor skills
activities that place a premium on efficient, coordinated motor responses
intermittent activity
activity in short bouts w/ frequent brief rest periods; can be moderate or vigorous
Factors related to the social context
affect our enjoyment of physical activity concerns the nature of the social context in which the activity occurs
facts affecting calories
age height gender weight
curriculum
all of the experiences of the learner in an education setting; a prescribed course of study
share control
allowing children some choices within each lesson and some choices as to the units being offered in the movement program
subjective experience
always a part of physical activity
punishment (for misbehavior)
an action imposed on the student by the teacher when the student behaves inappropriately. The action is not related to the misbehavior. Ex. the student is given a timeout instead of apologizing when hurting someone's feelings
consequences (for misbehavior)
an action, naturally occurring or imposed by the teacher, that relates to the inappropriate behavior, makes the child accountable for his or her behavior, and keeps the child's dignity
back-to-the-wall
an active supervision technique in which a teacher moves around the perimeter of class activity (keeping his or her back to the wall) so all students are in view at all times
socialization agent
any individual, group, or organization that influences a person's behavior or sense of self; for children, main socialization agents are family, peers, school, and mass media
Muscle model
any mechanical or mathematical model that describes the function of muscle tissue during activity and rest.
Curriculum models
are focused, theme-based, and represent a particular philosophy.
What is Pedagogy?
art of profession of teaching and the instructional strategies used to induce learning
program effectiveness
assessed by collecting data to determine how many students reached each benchmark
authentic assessment
assessment that takes place in a real life rather than artificial setting
When a child's motor learning movements start to become more automatic, this is known as the: cognitive stage mastery stage associative stage autonomous stage
associative stage
Cultural Studies curriculum
attempts to integrate practical and cognitive student involvement in sport and physical activity with a student's individual well-being, group-, community-, and national-identity. It attempts to reflect the local regional needs and interests of children from a wide range of backgrounds. Cultural Studies connoisseurs see themselves as part of a diverse culture and connect in-school learning with home and society while reflecting critically on this learning.
skill-related fitness
attributes associated w/ performance objectives that include speed, agility, strength, explosive power, and coordination
saturated fat
bad fat
practice
becoming a skilled mover is a never-ending process of gaining more and more control over your motor system by gradually refining the nerve and muscle systems through performance experience
stages of performance
beginning level of learning a skill--intermediate level-refinement of the movement w/ more consistency and fewer errors--advanced level-skills has become almost automatic
performance levels
beginning; intermediate; advanced
agonistic interactions
behaviors such as arguments or rough-and-tumble play
Personal behavior plans include all of the following EXCEPT
being friends with the students
Stretching, twisting, and turning are best described as:
Nonlocomotor skills
Outdoor Education
Occurs in the natural setting, where teachers and students have little to no control over the environment and potential hazards that may arise. Emphasis placed on skill development. Cost can be a factor for equipment.
Overweight children find strength related tasks difficult because:
Of the relationship of their body size to weight
Divergent Movement
Offers the potential for a variety of movement responses based on understanding the concepts of movement. Focus is on a variety of responses rather than correct performance (i.e. throwing).
Why are ADLs and IADLs important to Kinesiologists who work with elderly and disabled people?
Older people are often injured in their attempts to perform ADLs and IADLs and realize this, then stop performing them. Many require assistance in basic self-care tasks, depriving themselves of independence in daily living.
Describe peer teaching and at one benefit to it?
Peer teaching is an instructional style of teaching designed to place the function of instructional processes from the teacher to the student. Although this style is usually used with other styles of teaching, it should be considered its own style. The most important thing to consider when it comes to peer teaching is its ability to give each student the chance to have success as either a student or a teacher.
Federal mandates that have affected physical education include Title IX and:
PL 94-142
Technical Definitions
People working within a science or profession have a common understanding.
What factors influence our decisions regarding what physical activities we shall engage in and how physically active we shall be?
Personal circumstances (geography, local PA culture, economic considerations, personal attributes) & social environment (parents, peers, teachers/coaches)
Understanding P.E What is any action that requires you to move your body?
Physical activity
What does a physically educated person value?
Physical activity and its contribution to a healthful lifestyle
What is meant when kinesiology is described as a holistic discipline?
Physical activity involves our minds, emotions, and souls as much as it does our bodies.
What type of physical activity professional is likely to be involved in treatment of an individual with carpal tunnel syndrome? What professional is likely to be involved in redesigning the workplace to reduce the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome?'
Physical and Occupational therapist. Ergonomic specialist.
The Kraus-Weber assessment of 1954 compared American and European children on the basis of:
Physical fitness score
sedentary
Physically inactive
NASPE standards 1
Physically literate individual demostrates competency in a variety of motor skills and movement patterns
Usually the most effective method of distributing individual equipment such as jump ropes, beanbags, and hoops is to:
Place it around the perimeter of the teaching area
The type of feedback that should be used most is:
Positive
Which of these is defined as the rate of doing work? Power Potential energy Origin Muscle model
Power
Describe problem solving style of teaching and at least one benefit?
Problem-Solving style students are to participate in a variety of experiences to come up with as many satisfactory answers to the problem as possible. A benefit of problem-solving is to teach kids that there is more than one way to solve things and some ways may work better than others. This will help them throughout life.
What is Physical Education?
Program that contributes through Physical activity for total growth and development.
ACSM American College of Sports Medicine
Promote and integrate "scientific research, education, and practical applications of sports medicine and exercise science to enhance physical performance, fitness, health, and quality of life."
What is the first step in treating a sprain or strain? Elevate the injured body part. Use ice to treat the injured body part. Protect the body part from further damage. Use a bandage to hold the ice pack in place. When the ice is removed, firmly wrap it around the body part to help reduce the risk of swelling.
Protect the body part from further damage.
defense
Protection or resistance against attack; The team on defense is in the act of preventing an opponent from scoring points or goals
Vitamins
Provide no energy or calories, they are needed in small amounts to maintain body cells. If you eat a balanced diet, you get all of your daily vitamin requirements.
Describe four positive features to a well written elementary curriculum?
Provides students with maximal participation at an age-appropriate level, integrates cultural diversity and understanding of differences, promotes success for all students no matter the development level, and contains modified games to promote skills.
A defense against negligence that attempts to prove that the accident was not caused by teacher negligence is referred to as:
Proximate cause
Professional Practice Knowledge
Part of the discipline when the knowledge is discovered or tested in preprofessional or professional settings and is incorporated by faculty into college and university kinesiology classes.
NASPE Standard 3
Participates regularly in physical activities. Active children/ students grow up into active adults
Objectives of Physical Education Basic movement skills and physical fitness - Primary focus of instruction for physical educators. - Movement concepts, locomotor skills, non-locomotor skills, manipulative skills, perceptual motor skills, fundamental game skills
Psychomotor domain
List and explain each of the three learning domains?
Psychomotor, cognitive and affective. Psychomotor- movement throughout physical education Cognitive- the thinking behind it Affective- sportsmanship within the class
Shape of the Nation report
Published by NASPE; lists physical education requirements in the states
The scope and sequence helps determine the progression of content, what else does this?
Quality physical educators continue to look at each class and individual students to determine the progression of content. Although the curriculum may be designed to be covered in a certain time frame, a quality physical educator makes sure each student is able to progress at a level allowing them to have success even thought they may not be as advanced at all the skills covered.
Describe why it is important to understand the dynamics of a local school board?
Quality physical educators know and understand the dynamics of the school board. It is important to always remember school board members for the most part will follow the lead of the superintendent in making decisions regarding the district. A positive image of the physical education program not only within the district but within the community will allow the school board to have a better grasp on the importance of keeping and maintaining a strong, quality physical education program. It is essential that the physical education department is present at school board meetings so that it is obvious that the program cares about the school district.
Understanding P.E What is free time when children can make choices about how to spend their time?
Recess
Perhaps the most important factor in preventing accidents is:
Recognizing potential high-risk situations.
Fundamental motor skills
Referred to as basics, what children need to function fully in the environment. These categorized as locomotor, nonlocomotor, manipulative skills
Describe the process of reflective teaching and you could accomplish it?
Reflective teaching requires the teacher to observe and evaluate constantly to improve the learning opportunities for students. Reflective teaching means to periodically go back and analyze my progress or lack thereof throughout the semester. I should be looking at my student's progress more than just at the end of the semester. As a reflective teacher, I want to be observed on a regular basis by my administration to receive feedback on what I am doing well on and what could be improved.
Title IX
Rules out separation of sexes and requires all offerings the school has in regards to physical education has to be co-ed. Based on priniciple that school activities and programs are of equal value and students shouldn't be denied access to participate on basis of gender.
Sequencing activities in units of instruction through written lesson plans ensures:
Safe instruction
What evidence exists to refute the notion that people don't like the sensations that accompany the hard physical effort required to exercise vigorously?
Scientists discovered vigorous PA can lower anxiety, thereby inducing a sense of relaxation and calm.
Fats
Secondary source of energy providing twice as much energy per ounce than a carb or protein. Should make up no more than 30% of your daily calories. They cushion vital organs, insulate the body, satisfy hunger, and absorb fat soluble vitamins. (9 calories per gram)
Ethics
Serve as guidelines for actions and aid in decision making.
Simple carbs
Short term supply of energy, found in fruits, milk and some vegetables. (Fruit: fructose, milk: lactose, grain: maltose, tank sugar: sucrose) (soda, candy, cookies)
Carbohydrates
Should provide 50-65% of your daily calories and are our main source of energy. (4 calories per gram)
Proteins
Should supply 15-20% of you daily calories and their main function is to repair muscle. Made of amino acids that get broken down so the body can use them. (4 calories per gram)
Skill in Contexts
Skills, movements, and combinations are performed in a variety of contexts
Myth #1
Skipping meals is a good way to lose weight Those who skip meals actually tend to eat more than those who don't. It stimulates appetite so skipping meals makes you eat more at each meal. Skipping meals can affect school and work performance.
Perceptual-motor programs were developed out of concern for:
Slower academic learners
What is (SHAPE America)? *nation's largest organization of health and physical educators.
Society of Health and Physical Educators
Saturated fat
Solid at room temp, they come most,y from animal fats. (Butter, eggs, red meat)
When communicating with a learner teachers should:
Speak about specific behavior
communication behavior
Speak clearly and project one's voice. Provide clear and precise directions, explanations, and instructions. Ask thought provoking and critical think questions to enhance students' involvement in the learning process. Use eye contact, smiles and high fives. Articulate high expectations for all students.
Spheres of Professional Practice in Physical Activity
Sport Management, Coaching and Sport Education, Teaching Physical Education, Therapeutic Exercise, Health and Fitness
Which of the following reflects balance and equilibrium?
Stability
Which of the following tests for muscular endurance by seeing how long an individual can complete an exercise until the muscle fails? Strength Test Static Repetitive Static Timed Dynamic Repetition
Static Repetitive
Personal and Social Responsibility
Students assume more responsibility for their personal and social development in physical activity settings both in and outside of school.
Describe inquiry style of teaching and at least one benefit?
Students experience learning situations requiring them to speculate, question, examine, analyze and ascertain to new knowledge by challenging them not only physically but cognitively as well. The thought process behind inquiry style teaching is to promote problems solving and discovery instead of listening skills, absorbing information and simply complying with the teacher's demands.
Explain Success.
Success is where a student feels like he or she accomplished something in the class period. It does not have to be anything big. They may have completed the first objective and that made them feel great. They had success for the day because they accomplished a personal task. Success comes from believing in yourself and your abilities.
Center of gravity is a beginner example of which of the following? Springs Rotations Swings Statics
Swings
Managerial Tasks (related to the administration of class)
Taking attendance, dealing with discipline problems, supervising the locker room, handling equipment.
Describe task teaching and at least one benefit?
Task teaching is basically station teaching where each station is set up with different levels of criteria to challenge students to perform skills that are challenging for them but allow them to have success at the same time. The advantage of task teaching is it provides students with the opportunity to participate in a variety of skills.
What is TAHPERD?
Texas Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation & Dance
Essential amino acids
The 9 out of 20 amino acids that the body doesn't produce but still needs.
cardiorespiratory endurance
The ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to efficiently supply nutrients and oxygen to the body during sustained physical activity without fatigue
fitness
The ability of the heart, lungs, and muscles to function efficiently and effectively
physical fitness
The ability of the heart, lungs, and muscles to function efficiently and effectively
flexibility
The ability of your joints to move through a full range of motion
endurance
The ability or strength to continue or last, especially despite fatigue, stress ; stamina
energy
The ability to do work
balance
The ability to maintain equilibrium while still or moving; an equal distribution of weight so as not to fall over
agility
The ability to move the body quickly and easily and start, stop, and move the body quickly in different directions with speed and accuracy
speed
The ability to perform a task or movement in a short period of time; to go or move fast
coordination
The ability to perform complex movements; skillful and effective interaction of movements
offense
The act of attacking or engaging the opposing team ; the team on offense is in the act of trying to scoring points or goals
exercise
The act of improving one's body through some type of movement; a purposeful, planned type of structured physical activity that uses extra energy to improve health
reaction time
The amount of time between an action and the reaction or response to it
Professional preparation
The attainment of knowledge necessary to be an educated person and that which is essential to understanding the chosen career field.
nervous system
The bodily system made up of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves that functions to regulate and coordinate all the body's activities
respiratory system
The bodily system responsible for gas exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the body and the environment; part of the cardiorespiratory system
stress
The body's reaction to a change that requires a physical, mental or emotional adjustment or response
NASPE standard 5
The child shows personal and social behavior that respects self and others in physical activity. PE classes offer environment for learning social skills. Teaches responsible behavior, PE gives students a place that teaches them to learn conflict resolution skills in a nonviolent manner
Playing a game that uses skills developed in the lesson focus is an example of:
The closing activiy
Describe the difference between being active and actively engaged?
The difference between being active and actively engaged is the fact that being active means the students are simply participating in the activity and doing what they are told. Actively engaged means that the student is both mentally and physically in the activity and is both doing the activity and learning from the activity as well.
Clubs Community organizations Centers for the elderly Resorts Military
The different teaching careers for non-school settings.
PreK-12 (Public or private) Higher education -basic instruction -professional preparation Adapted physical education
The different teaching careers for school settings
Which body type is identified as being extremely thin, with a minimum of muscle development?
The ectomorph
Most behavior management issue in a class is caused by whom?
The educator
maximum heart rate
The fastest rate at which your heart will beat in one minute
PRICE method
The first step is to protect the injured area. Secondly, rest the injured area. The third step is to put ice on the injured area. The fourth step is compression. Use a bandage to hold the ice in place. When the ice pack is removed, the bandage can be used to wrap around the injured area in order to reduce the risk of swelling. Lastly, the injured area should be elevated.
blood
The fluid pumped through the body by the heart that carries oxygen and nutrients to the tissues
Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of prompts?
The goal should be to remove the prompt so that behavior is self-motivated.
aorta
The largest artery in the body; it delivers oxygenated (oxygen-rich) blood to body
Development of motor learning skills progresses from all of the following EXCEPT:
The legs to the arms
intensity
The level of effort required by a person to do an activity
joint
The location where two or more bones come together
dehydration
The loss of water and important blood salts, such as potassium and sodium, that are essential for vital organ functions.
seasons, team affiliation, formal competition, record keeping, culminating event, and festivity.
The main features of the model include what? (7)
muscular endurance
The muscle's ability to continue to perform without fatigue; a measure of how well a muscular group performs repeated movements for extended periods of time
muscular strength
The muscle's ability to generate force in a short period of time
heart
The muscular organ of the cardiorespiratory system that functions as a pump to maintain the circulation of blood through the body
heart rate
The number of heart beats per unit time, usually per minute
target heart rate
The optimum heart rate at which person should train in order to achieve desired results
The mesomorphic child is characterized:
The predominance of muscle and bone
Nutrition
The process in which our body absorbs and makes use of the things we eat and drink.
respiration
The process of breathing where oxygen gas is taken in and carbon dioxide is released; complex series of chemical reactions where sugars are broken down to release energy
body composition
The proportion of body fat to lean muscle
body composition
The proportion of fat-free mass (e.g., muscle, bone, organs, and tissues) to fat mass in the body.
Before negligence can be proved, the failure of the teacher to conform to the required standard of care must be ruled:
The proximate cause of the resulting injury
Accountability
The public statements and claims professionals make about their credentials, programs, and outcomes are accurate and true.
What is the purpose of Quality Physical Education?
The purpose of a quality physical education program is to create lifelong partners and movers to promote a healthier lifestyle for everyone. A properly physically educated person has the knowledge to participate in a variety of physical activities with success.
Describe what a movement analysis is and why it is important to know and understand how to use one?
The purpose of movement analysis is to break down the curriculum into something that is organized and manageable. Movement analysis allows the teacher to break down his or her lessons into steps. These steps advance in levels throughout not only the unit being taught but also the grade level. Having a strong understanding of the curriculum that is given to you and how to incorporate a movement analysis will help with the development of lesson plans. These lesson plans will meet the needs of all students together and individually.
Malcolm Forbes said "education's purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one" how does this affect you and your future as a physical educator?
The quote "education's purpose is to replace an empty mind with an open one" affects me as a future educator because if I can change each students mind into a mind that is not only able, but willing and open to learn new things, then I am doing my job each and every day. My job as a physical educator is to open my students minds to the idea that leading a healthy and active lifestyle is not only important in their every day life, but something that can be quite enjoyable as well. It is important to teach your students to learn with an open mind, because if they have an open mind, they will be able to move forward in so many positive directions in their future without forming opinions beforehand.
power
The rate at which one uses the body to perform work; The amount of force a muscle can exert
Which of the following is NOT a variable that must be considered when selecting an appropriate teaching style?
The ratios of boys to girls
pulse
The regular throbbing of the arteries, caused by the contractions of the heart
physical education
The sequential educational program that teaches students to: - Understand and participate in regular physical activity that assists in development of physical fitness throughout their lifetime. - Understand and improve their motor skills. - Enjoy using skills and knowledge to establish a healthy lifestyle. - Understand how the body works.
biomechanics
The study of movement of a living body, including how muscles, bones, tendons and ligaments work together to produce movement
What role does a superintendent play in the educational process?
The superintendent is the CEO in charge of financial records and budgetary concerns and the academic leader who guides and promotes the development of student learning, but no matter how your school district looks at the role of the superintendent, it is vital that you know and understand what makes them happy. Most superintendents only care about what the sports team is doing and if they are having success or not. It is important as a physical educator that you show how your quality physical education program is crucial to students success in the future.
Macronutrients
The three classifications of nutrients that provide us energy and our daily calories. (Carbohydrates, protein, fats)
muscle
The tissue composed of cells or fibers, that contract to produce movement
tendon
The tissue or structure in the body that connects muscle to bone
ligament
The tough tissue that connects one bone to another
skill-related fitness
The type fitness used to reach specific performance or skill-related goals
Nonlocomotor Skills
These skills are performed without appreciable movement from place to place. These skills are not as well defined as locomotor skills. They include bending and stretching, pushing, bouncing, and circling, among others.
Locomotor Skills
These skills are used to move the body from one place to another or to project the body upward, as in jumping and hopping. They include walking, running, skipping, leaping, sliding, and galloping. They form the foundation of gross motor coordination and involve large muscle movement.
Manipulative Skills
These skills come into play when the child handles some kind of object. Most of these skills involve the hands and feet, but other parts of the body can also be used. This leads to better hand-eye coordination, which are particularly important for tracking items in space.
Note on proteins:
They cannot be stored in the body so any excess is excreted.
Micronutrients
They do not provide energy and calories but give us nutrients that we need for our body to function properly. (Vitamins, minerals, water)
Although each child's timing is unique, children do follow a general growth pattern.
True
An acceptable alternative for limited equipment is to teach using partner or reciprocal grouping.
True
An effective way to evaluate teacher movement is to divide the area into quadrants and tally the number of times the teacher moves into each quadrant.
True
An important step in determining the proper instructional entry level is to formulate a desired terminal outcome.
True
Anticipatory set is a technique designed to focus students on an upcoming instructional concept.
True
Because the rate of growth slows during the elementary school years, this is an excellent window of time for learning motor skills.
True
Children do not have the capacity to cool their body the way adults can.
True
Class management is defined as organizing and controlling the affairs of a class.
True
Content standards are the framework of a program; they offer focus, direction, and continuity to instruction.
True
Discipline is defined as modifying student behavior when it is unacceptable.
True
Effective physical education programs offer activities that are developmentally appropriate and suited to students' maturity levels.
True
Effective teachers use more than one teaching style, even during one lesson.
True
Federal law requires the identification and evaluation of all children with disabilities.
True
Federal law states that an Individualized Education Program (IEP) must be written for every child receiving special education and related services.
True
Free exploration is the most child-centered style of teaching.
True
Gross motor movements such as running, skipping, and galloping are learned before the acquisition of fine motor skills such as catching, hitting a pitched ball, and jumping for distance.
True
High anxiety results in a decrease in motor performance.
True
Inclusion refers to educating students with and without disabilities in a regular education setting.
True
Lack of efficient movement causes youngsters to generate more metabolic heat than adults.
True
Limit discussion in the activity area to 30 seconds as much as possible.
True
Locomotor, nonlocomotor, and manipulative skills are all fundamental motor skills.
True
Management and discipline are requisite parts of effective instruction.
True
Meaningful feedback helps students learn when skills are performed correctly or need refinement.
True
Misfeasance is based on a performance of the proper action that is not up to the required standard.
True
Movement education offers an opportunity for diversity of movement through creative instructional methods and allows students of all ability levels to succeed.
True
Much of the feedback delivered by teachers is corrective in nature, with a focus on improving student performance.
True
Offering a wide spectrum of developmentally appropriate activities helps ensure that youngsters will be successful regardless of their maturity.
True
One of the first steps to take when planning for instruction is to decide on the teaching styles that will be most effective for each skill.
True
Overweight children are less proficient at performing motor skills.
True
PL 94-142 mandates that a child with a disability must be educated in the least restrictive environment and that an Individualized Education Program must be prepared for each student with a disability.
True
PL94-142 states that schools must locate, identify, and evaluate all students who might have a disability.
True
Physical education is an instructional program that gives attention to all learning domains: psychomotor, cognitive, and affective.
True
Physical education is the only area of the school curriculum that is designed to develop children toward an active lifestyle.
True
Physical education is the only content area specifically mentioned in PL 94-142.
True
Physical education is the only place in the total school curriculum where instruction is focused on teaching motor skills.
True
Physical maturity is usually measured by comparing chronological age with skeletal age.
True
Removing something positive can be an effective technique when students misbehave.
True
Rules are general guidelines for acceptable behavior rather than negative statements telling students what they cannot do.
True
Screening is a process that involves all students in a school setting and is part of the "child find" process.
True
Skill progression involves moving the learning process through ordered steps from the least challenging to the most challenging.
True
Tasks that require hand-eye and foot-eye coordination are called "manipulative skills."
True
Teachers should practice nonverbal feedback in order to make it convincing.
True
The court uses the conduct of the other teachers as a standard for comparison when determining a reasonable and common standard of behavior.
True
The customs and morals of different cultures impact the response of youngsters to different types of nonverbal gestures.
True
The elementary school years are an excellent time to teach motor skills because children have the time and predisposition to learn.
True
The most basic and important management skill is being able to start and stop a class.
True
The percentage of youth who are overweight has more than tripled in the last 30 years
True
The physical activity and fitness part of a lesson is designed to teach youngsters the type and amount of activity necessary to maintain a healthy lifestyle.
True
The purpose of evaluation is to determine whether progress is being made toward specified objectives.
True
The use of first names is important in personalizing feedback and directing it to the proper individual.
True
Using different teaching style often improves the environment for students and teachers.
True
Waiver forms signed by students and parents do NOT waive the rights of participants.
True
When about one-third of the American men drafted in World War I were rejected as physically unfit for military service, the result was a new demand for physical education in American schools
True
When moving around the teaching area, it is important to remember that having an unpredictable teaching location ensures contact and proximity with all students in the class.
True
When students accept responsibility for participating in regular activity, fitness becomes an authentic learning experience that may last a lifetime.
True
Whistle mixer is an effective technique for getting students into small groups.
True
Written tests are often administered in physical education to check the cognitive learning that has accompanied physical skill learning.
True
Which of the following is NOT an example of a basic skill taught with the front kick? Maintain a flexed base leg. Twist the trunk of the body when going back to the ready position. Exert the kicking knee forward and extend the lower leg. Square the hips and shoulders toward the goal.
Twist the trunk of the body when going back to the ready position.
"Accurately measuring what it purports to measure" is the definition of:
Valdity
NASPE standard 6
Values Physical activity for health, enjoyment, challenge, self-expression and social interaction. Focuses children and how they value physical activity
vitamin that helps with clotting, contributes to bone growth
Vitamin K
Locomotor Skills List
Walking, running, hopping, jumping, skipping, sliding, galloping, leaping
American Sport Education Program (ASEP) National Youth Sport Coaches Association (NYSCA) Program for Athletic Coaches Education (PACE)
What are some Coaching Certification Programs that the text provides?
Lack of administrative and community support Lack of input Inadequate salaries for large teaching loads Large classes, discipline problems Absence of opportunities for professional and personal growth Teacher-coach role conflict Professional and personal problem interaction
What are some causes the text gives for burnouts?
Experiential Learning Cycle Full Value Contract Challenge by Choice
What are the 3 essential teacher elements in Adventure Education?
opportunity to learn incorporation of meaningful content appropriate instruction.
What are the 3 major task areas for teachers?
Formative Summative Performance-based
What are the 3 types of Assessment?
Invasion Net/wall Striking/Fielding Target
What are the 4 games classifications in TGfU and TGM?
Culminating Activity Skill in Contexts Combinations Basic Skill
What are the 4 phases in the skill themes approach?
Stronger accountability for results More freedom for states and communities Proven education methods More choices for parents
What are the 4 principles of No Child Left Behind Act?
organization, communication, instruction, motivation, and human relations.
What are the 5 areas a salient teacher behavior can be divided into?
Respecting the rights and feelings of others Participation and effort Self-direction Caring about and helping others Outside of the gym
What are the 5 levels on the PSRM?
challenge cooperation risk trust problem-solving
What are the 5 philosophical concepts in Project Adventure?
Coaches represent organizations (school) also have to sometime council athletes.
What are the additional responsibilities that coaches have over teachers?
You can enhance your professional credentials.
What are the benefits of a certification?
Intrinsic rewards Excitement of winning Respect Satisfaction of giving one's best Help athletes learn
What are the benefits of coaching?
Clients are voluntary Opportunity to specialize in an area Variety of settings
What are the benefits that texts lists for teaching in a non school setting?
Salary Teach diverse activities Offers job tenure Intrinsic rewards Opportunity to coach
What are the benefits that texts lists for teaching in a school setting?
A means for interpreting the field. Access to sources of help and assistance. Opportunity for fellowship. A forum for research. A means for distributing costs. Employment opportunities. Opportunity for service. Opportunity to shape the future. Opportunity to gain new skills and knowledge.
What are the benefits to belonging to a professional organization?
Accountability Cultural competency Ethics Role modeling Involvement Service
What are the different areas under Professionalism?
Long hours Salaries vary greatly High turnover rate Pressure to win Role conflict Burnout
What are the drawbacks of coaching?
Lack job security Various work hours Salary could be dependent on number of clients
What are the drawbacks that texts lists for teaching in a non school setting?
Lack of financial support Inadequate facilities Discipline problems Overpopulated classes Non-subject related duties (lunch duty, etc.)
What are the drawbacks that texts lists for teaching in a school setting?
to have every child attain proficiency in reading and mathematics.
What are the main Goal of No Child Left Behind Act?
Know your: strengths and abilities Personal and professional goals Work and lifestyle preferences Career requirements
What are the most important factors influencing your choice of a career?
Provide a framework for student learning
What did NASPE do?
Ensure that their students are appropriately engaged in relevant activities a high percentage of the time Hold positive expectations for their students Create and maintain a classroom climate that is warm and nurturing.
What do effective teachers do?
National Standards for Physical Education
What does NASPE stand for?
Becoming a member gives your the opportunity to attend the national conventions, where you can meet professionals, make personal contacts, and attend meetings and workshops on research findings and new techniques.
What does professional involvement involve?
The book gives examples such as field-work or internship also student teaching.
What examples does the book give of a practicum?
Standards Teachers' philosophies of PE Geographic location School and program context Time
What factors have lead to a change in PE curriculum
A teacher's philosophy along with program goals and objectives
What influences the focus of instruction?
For students to be able to observe, analyze, and critique physical activity and sport issues and topics in a variety of contexts.
What is Cultural studies goal?
It allows students to practice the teaching skills learned in their courses and can help them solidify their career decision.
What is the benefit of doing a practicum?
for students to learn how to develop and execute their own physical activity programs that they can participate in and out of school.
What is the goal for fitness education?
for students to feel a sense of ownership and empowerment in their learning experiences.
What is the goal of Student Perspectives?
Speaking Writing Teaching/ Instructing Interviewing Public relations Leadership Budget management Negotiating Organizing Computer and analytical skills
What is the list of transferable skills?
create an authentic sport experience and educate and develop students to be competent, literate, and enthusiastic sportspersons
What is the primary goal of Sport Education Model (SEM)?
Teachers act as facilitators as students collaborate and problem-solve with one another to accomplish a task.
What is the primary role of the teacher in Adventure Education?
150 Minutes/week 225 Minutes/week
What is the sufficient instruction time for elementary level and middle/high school level?
content standards
What students should know and be able to do at the end of every grade level. Content standards represent the academic content of the discipline of kinesiology.
Diet
What you eat and drink everyday.
Convergent Movement
When a teacher guides instruction toward the acquisition of a particular skill, one that can be identified by name (i.e. walking). The movement ends with -ing. It implieds a limitation; the child must accomplish a specific targeted skill, even though the means to reach the goal may differ among individual learners.
More developed subdisciplines and the need for professionals in those areas.
Why are opportunities in PE, exercise science and sport increasing?
Can significantly enhance your career preparation, and also help your develop skills that are relevant to your chosen career.
Why does the text say that related experiences are important?
aerobic
With oxygen
anaerobic
Without oxygen
Who is most at risk?
Women from their 20's-40's
Peak bone mass
Women get their peak bone mass in their late 20's to early 30's. After this, their bones start to deteriorate and they can develop osteoporosis, when your bones become weak and porous so they can break easily.
List the spheres of physical activity experience
Work, Education, Leisure, Health, Competition, Self-Sufficiency, Self-Expression
Spheres of Physical Activity Experience
Work, Education, Leisure, Health, Competition, Self-Sufficiency, Self-Expression
Ways to prevent osteoporosis
You can have a diet high in calcium and do weight bearing exercises. (Squats, running, push-ups.)
educate the whole child
beliefs that emphasize the learner is a whole human being who interprets educational experiences holistically. Thus teaching practices and learning experiences should be presented holistically (recognizing the child's integration of his or her physical, social, emotional, and intellectual aspects)
nonlocomotor skills
bending, stretching, twisting, turning, pushing, pulling, rising, collapsing, swinging, swaying, spinning, shaking, and balancing
fetal alcohol syndrome
birth defects resulting from prenatal alcohol use by the mother
Movement concept skills
body and space awareness, quality of movement and relationships. Ensures students are understanding the body as a vehicle for movement
emblems
body movements, usually hand movements, that can be directly translated into words and are easily understood by those in the culture or subculture in which they are used
manipulative skills
both fine motor skills using the hands or fingers and gross motor skills using the large muscles of the body
socialization through movement
by playing together, children learn cooperation, friendship, fairness, doing what's right, what is acceptable or not acceptable in society
keeps bones and teeth hard and strong
calcium
task variation
calls for practicing motor skills using a variety of equipment, situations, teaching methods and movement forms in order to keep students interested in practicing.
60 percent of diet
carbs
energy producer for the body; main source of energy
carbs
provide energy as glucose
carbs
6 types of nutrients
carbs fats proteins minerals water vitamins
best vegetable choices
carrots, peas, broccoli
movement map
categorizes the underlying components involved when the body moves
conditioning
changes brought about by training
motor development
changes that occur in human movement across the life span as a result of physical growth and maturation
A child-centered physical education curriculum supports
children's natural urges
neglected children
children, not welcomed by their peers, displaying behavior that is anxious, withdrawn, and hovering
rejected children
children, not welcomed by their peers, who tend to display aggression toward peers (takes equipment away, issues threats, teases).
An assumption of risk as applied to physical activities is defined as:
choosing to be part of an activity
motor skill taxonomies
classification systems that categorize skills according to their common critical elements
movement educators
classroom teachers who teach physical education but do not have the same professional prep as physical educators
Explaining rules and regulations of a game as well as strategies to succeed is related to which domain?
cognitive
Physical Activity is also...
cognitive activity, emotional activity, and even soul activity
Effective instruction includes all of the following EXCEPT:
combining management and instructional episodes
emotional disturbances
common characteristics of these conditions include inability to learn, which cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors; inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships; inappropriate displays of behaviors or feelings
direct competition
competition in which the object is to impede the progress of others and that results in a winner and a loser or losers; inappropriate for elementary children
Potential energy
component of the mechanical energy of a body resulting from its position
Minor Courses
concentrations or areas of specialization.
spheres of physical activity experience
conceptual framework for classifying the different life experiences in which physical activity plays an important role
health risk factors
conditions and behaviors that increase the risk of developing a chronic disease
Instructional Alighment
connecting the standards, instruction, and assessment components of physical education curricular and units of instruction.
Feelings toward competing teams and players
connections between enjoyment and feelings about competing teams are the focal point of the dispositional theory of enjoyment
Punishment should be:
consistent and fit the crime.
general category for foods that contain a significant amount of milk cheese and yogurt
dairy
social skills
decision-making, interpersonal, and personal responsibility behaviors that children need to learn and use in social settings
Which of the following is NOT a result of aerobic exercise? decreased energy reduced body fat improved circulation reduced tension
decreased energy
The initial step in curriculum design is to
define a philosophy of physical education
Professionals
demonstrate an enthusiasm for their work, an interest in new developments, leadership skills, and involvement in the further advancement of the field.
Competition
derived from a Latin word meaning "to strive together," but most of us think of it as "striving against"
grade-level benchmarks
description of the specific student behavior that indicates a student has achieved a program goal
What is the definition of prime consideration?
determine functional health status of the musculoskeletal system.
Factors related to the performer
dispositions attitudes
how much water should you drink a day?
eight 8 ounces
least restrictive environment
element within the law (PL 101-476) that requires students with disabilities to be educated with their non disabled peers to the maximum extent possible
Pedagogy
emerged as a specialized area of study in the 1960s.
brain-based learning
enhancing the learning process through physical activity, which compels both sides of the brain to communicate and allows greater brain growth.
The tip of a bone in the human body is known as the: metaphysis epiphysis osteoblast diaphysis
epiphysis
student conduct rules
established rules specifying how children should behave with peers, in certain activity areas, with particular equipment, and in both indoor and outdoor physical activity settings.
Kinesiology focuses
exercise and skilled movement
Training
exercise performed for the express purpose of improving athletic, military, work-related, or recreation-related performance
Physical activity knowledge is derived from
experience (participate or observe), scholarship (study; ; ONLY knowledge that is embedded in college or university kinesiology curriculum or in research, which helps ensure the quality and integrity of the knowledge), professional practice (to help others achieve physical activity goals).
principle of quality
experiences that engage us in the most critical components of an activity are most likely to increase our capacity to perform that activity
perceived control
experiencing a sense of mastery or control over our environment is inherently enjoyable
negligence
failing to act as a reasonably prudent person would act in similar circumstances; to prove negligence, five factors must have been present; duty, breach of duty, injury occurred, causal relationship, and foreseeability
Fun or teacher enjoyment is the major criterion when selecting activities for the curriculum.
false
The cognitive domain develops feelings, attitudes, and values.
false
stored in fatty tissue and cannot be exited
fat soluble vitamins
30% of your diet
fats
cushion bones and vital organs
fats
helps form blood clots
fats
helps with dry and flaky skin
fats
maintain body temperature
fats
provide energy in fatty acids
fats
surgeon general
federal official who provides written document as to the benefits of regular physical activity
congruent feedback
feedback from an external source that is directly related to the task children were asked to practice
intrinsic feedback
feedback that comes from within the body through sensory modes, such as vision or hearing
Professional Theory Courses
focus on conveying knowledge within the discipline and are designed to prepare majors for their chosen career.
Appropriate physical fitness instruction includes all of the following EXCEPT:
focusing on the product of fitness, such as how many repetitions, how fast, or how far
helps with strong and healthy blood
folic acid
face-to-face contact activities
football, rugby, hockey, or wrestling (and increasingly soccer and basketball), players thwart the efforts of opponents by direct physical manipulation (blocks, tackles, checks)
Behavior contracts are effective:
for students with severe behavior problems
vicarious participation
form of watching in which observers participate in the contest through the powers of imagination
peak experience
frequently cited type of mystical experience
An IEP contains all of the following except
future status of the child's level of educational performance
personal circumstances
geography, local physical activity culture, economic considerations, personal attributes
Illustrators
gestures that we use to illustrate or complement what we are saying
side-by-side competitive activities
golf, swimming, running, bowling, shot put, or cycling, no direct interaction takes place between competitors
progression principle
gradually increasing the intensity of exercise so the body has time to adapt
An efficient way to divide the class into two groups of equal size is to:
have students get toe to toe with a partner
developmental readiness
having attained the age, fitness, and skill levels required to perform a particular activity
unsaturated fat
healthy fat
HDL
high density lipoprotein
movement
how the body moves for purposes of physical exercise, self-expression, play, competition and cooperation, or enjoyment
qualities of movement
how the body moves, defined by the factors of time (speed of movement), effort (strength of movement), and flow (control of movement).
relationship (in movement)
how the body relates to others, objects, equipment, rules, and boundaries
flexibility and adaptability of physical activity
human physical activity is further distinguished from that of other animals by virtue of the unique combinations of movements permitted by our anatomy
intelligence-based physical activity
humans are big-brained, highly intelligent creatures, their physical activity tends to be rooted in more intricate plans and directed toward more sophisticated goals than is the case with lower animals
ethically and aesthetically based physical activity
humans are essentially spiritual creatures possessing unique moral and aesthetic senses, we can use our movements to express our imagination and moral reasoning
expressive movements
idiosyncratic movements that are not required for goal attainment but that express something about the individual
Goal of TGM
improve students' game performance by combining tactical awareness with skill execution and increase students' interest and excitement about games.
benefits of regular physical activity
improved movement skills and physical fitness levels; stress reduction; healthy mental state; reduced risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and certain cancers.
skill demonstrations
in direct teaching, the teacher talks about how to perform a skill while demonstrating it or while other students are demonstrating it; in indirect teaching, may be on video or task sheet, wall sign
abilities
in research on motor learning and control, genetic predispositions that offer advantages or disadvantages for particular activities
infusion-based approach
in teacher education programs, refers to including information about disabilities in program content so that each content area is covered relative to students with and without disabilities; part of the process of integrating children with disabilities into the classroom
PE Curriculum
includes all knowledge, skills, and learning experiences that are provided to students within the school program
orthopedic and physical impairments
includes impairments caused by congenital anomaly; by disease; or from other causes such as cerebral palsy, amputations, fractures, or burns.
model for teaching personal and social responsibility (TPSR)
includes teaching strategies (awareness talks, self-reflection time, group meetings, and relational time) that are embedded in class instruction to help students take responsibility for their behavior and well-being and become more responsive to the well-being of others
curriculum integration
including movement in the classroom (academic) curriculum and academic subjects in the physical education curriculum
Unit of instruction
incorporates all of the goals, objectives, content, instructional materials, and individual lessons.
philosophy of education statement
indicates the writer's view of the purpose of education, how educational practices will be implemented to meet the stated purpose, and values and beliefs about the program
Developmental skills
involve skilled movements that are not usually performed in sport settings
Sport
involves skilled movement that is organized in game contexts
one of the most important minerals transports O2 to cells and makes use of oxygen
iron
Lesson plan
is a specific outline of all of the objectives, tasks, and assessments that will be included for one particular lesson.
Knowing students' names:
is an effective management strategy
Movement education:
is based on problem solving and exploration
National standards
is the focal point and the activity the medium through which instruction was delivered for students to achieve performance outcomes.
Portfolio
its used to showcase their work and document their attainment of stated standards for the field. Collected over the 4 year professional preparation program.
Center of gravity
kept as far from the base as possible to maximize the effect of gravitational pull. At the height of a 360 degrees swing, the center of gravity is kept at the maximum height of the bar.
These muscles are primarily responsible for posture and are known as the: pectoral muscles latissimus dors obliques deltoids
latissimus dorsi
cultural integration
learning games from other cultures teaches students that all cultures are valued
learning through movement
learning that emphasizes how participating in movement experiences contributes to the development of the whole person, socially, emotionally, intellectually, and physically
learning about movement
learning that emphasizes the development of physical fitness and skilled motor performance
affective objectives
lesson objectives that indicate what the student values, believes, or feels as well as how the student is expected to interact with others
psychomotor objectives
lesson objectives that indicate what the student will physically perform
cognitive objectives
lesson objectives that specify what a student will know intellectually
leisure activities
likely be affected by participation trends in large-muscle leisure activities, it is worth taking the time to examine trends of participation in this important sphere
yearly plan
listing of movement form and primary content of lesson for each week of physical education program.
basic movement skills
locomotor, nonlocomotor, and manipulative skills underlying the movements specific to certain games and sports.
LDL
low density lipoprotein
Basic Skill
mastery and achievement of the critical elements of the skill according to the age and developmental level of the students.
Elective Courses
may be used to pursue a special interest, to broaden you liberal arts background, and/or to enhance your marketability by complementing and strengthening your career preparation. They should be chosen carefully to help you achieve your goals.
Professionalism
means exhibiting high levels of professional competence and conduct, possessing required credentials, presenting accurate and truthful information about the programs and services provided, and exemplifying a commitment to a healthy, active lifestyle.
Motor sub-tests
measure the student's body control, large muscle skills and coordination and dynamic praxis. Social, emotional and adaptive behavior are sub-tests for the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III tool.
fitness testing
measuring cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and body composition
hypertension
medical term for high blood pressure
playground meetings
meetings for 1st and 3rd grade students and their teachers following afternoon recess to let students discuss playground concerns and explore possible solutions
essential to sustain life; regulates the function of the heart-beat, transporting oxygen from lungs to tissue
minerals
organizational routines
minimize the time needed to complete nonacademic tasks by establishing standard routines for entering and leaving the gym; getting drinks of water and using the restroom during class; obtaining and returning equipment
Which of the following parts of the heart separates the left atrium and the left ventricle? epicardium mitral valve myocardium tricuspid valve
mitral valve
FITT principle
mnemonic device to remember the four principles of physical activity training--F-frequency of the activity; I--intensity of the activity; T--time for the length of the exercise bout; T--type for the kind of exercise being performed
Using a teacher demonstration to prompt an acceptable behavior is an example of:
modeling
general modifications
modifications to activities or equipment to allow students to participate who have specific disabilities or delays in strength, speed, endurance, balance, coordination, or accuracy
Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)
more physically demanding than ADLs less personal activities, such as telephoning, shopping, cooking, or doing laundry
developmentally appropriate movement activities
movement activities designed with the students' cognitive, psychomotor, and affective ability levels in mind
play
movement activities that children do during their free time
games
movement activities with arbitrary rules established and enforced by the participants
manipulative movements
movements in which the hands or feet control objects such as a pen or a ball
gestures
movements of our hands, fingers, or other body parts used to communicate our intentions to others
nonlocomotor movements
movements that are stationary or that do not propel the mover around an area
locomotor movements
movements that propel the mover around an area
NASPE content standards
national physical education standards that specify what students should know, value, and be able to do
Giving a thumbs-up sign is an example of:
nonverbal feedback
Least restrictive environment means:
not all individuals can do all of the same activities in the same environment.
Competition (factors related to the activity)
not an activity per se but an organizing principle that frames physical activity within a larger purpose
leisure
not free time but as "a state of being"
summative evaluation
occurs at the end of instruction; provides a summary of accomplishments; used to determine a grade or prepare a progress report
formative evaluation
occurs frequently; helps students identify areas that need improvement; aids the teacher in planning; usually not used for grading
impersonal competition
occurs when participants compete against records set by themselves or others.
Combinations
once the basic skills and critical elements are mastered, other skills and movement concepts can be added.
carpal tunnel syndrome
one of the most common types of cumulative trauma disorders a painful injury to the wrist caused by repetitive movements
extrinsic approaches to physical activity
one who has an extrinsic orientation to physical activity professes to engage in it primarily because of something other than the subjective experiences of the activity itself
Cultural competency
ongoing engagement in a process of respectful interaction with clients and their communities.
sequence of program content
order in which movement forms are taught
sports
organized games that have established, accepted, and published rules of play
athletics
organized sports activities with skilled players and officials who monitor players and enforce the rules
calcium deficiency
osteporosis
ability to improve performance through planned experience
our ability to improve our capacity for physical activity through planned, systematic practice and training.
Perceptions
our experiences help us interpret these raw sensations as meaningful constructs
instrumental aggression
overt aggression w/ the purpose of obtaining a desired object, territory, or privilege.
bullying
overt aggression with the purpose of intimidating others
parental influence on children's activity levels
parents can socialize their children to be physically active through encouragement, direct involvement, facilitation, and role modeling
social environment
parents, peers, teachers or coaches
Title IX
part of the federal Educational Amendments Act of 1972; requires equal educational opportunities for boys and girls
visual impairment
partial sight or blindness that adversely affects a child's education performance
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
passed by Congress in 1990, it mandates the term disability instead of the term handicapped, and defines physical education for individuals with disabilities as the development of physical and motor fitness
Therapeutic exercise (or therapy)
performed to restore capacities previously acquired or developed that have been lost due to injury, disease, or behavioral patterns
Which of the following principles helps an athlete to avoid a slump in muscle gains? progression rest and recovery overload periodization
periodization
hearing impairment
permanent or fluctuating hearing impairments or deafness that adversely affect a child's education performance
physically educated person
person who is physically fit; has skills to perform a variety of physical activities and participates in these activities regularly
Activities of daily living (ADLs)
personal behaviors related to grooming, using the toilet, dressing, eating, or walking.
moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA)
physical activity that increases the heart rate and the breathing rate but does not make the child feel out of breath is called moderate activity. Vigorous activity increases the heart rate even more, with breathing becoming faster.
exercise
physical activity that is planned, structured, repetitive, and purposive to improve or maintain physical fitness
health
physical, mental, and social well-being, and the absence of disease and infirmity
equilibration theory
piaget's theory that peer interactions during play facilitate cognitive conflict and subsequent re-equilibration
A technique used to observe group behavior at different times during a lesson is:
placheck recording
inclusion
placing children w/ disabilities in the regular classroom
recess
play time provided to give students a break from academic learning
free to play
playground activities chosen and structured by children, not adults
transitioning
process of organizing and moving students into and between designated activity formations
socialization
process through which children acquire a sense of personal identity, learn what people in the surrounding culture believe, and discover how to behave according to cultural expectations
How many times without a miss describes:
product outcomes.
peer mediators
program in which 4th and 5th graders are trained in resolving conflicts by a social worker and use these skills during recess periods to help students resolve issues that arise
Playground Leader
program in which 4th graders are trained to direct activity stations during recess periods
Play Fair
program of noncompetitive games to make recess more fun, less competitive, and more inclusive
risk management plans
program-wide or school wide plans designed to reduce the number and severity of injuries and the likelihood of litigation arising from those injuries
continuous activity
prolonged activity w/o rest periods, normally aerobic in nature and moderate in intensity
With regard to IEP, due process serves to:
protect the rights of all parties involved.
20% of your diet
proteins
builds working cell parts, is made from amino acids which can also provide energy
proteins
makes up every cell of your body, they do the cell work
proteins
Liberal Arts courses
provide the opportunity to obtain a broad base of knowledge. These courses are the sciences, math, languages, English, art and music. Certain number of these is required for their degree.
tort law
provides the basis for awarding compensation for losses suffered as a consequence of the intentional or unintentional actions of others that result in harm or as a consequence of situations of omission
internalization
refers to the gradual process by which something takes on intrinsic value, or passes from "a level of bare awareness to a position of some power to guide or control the behavior of a person"
cardiovascular fitness
related to the capacity of the cardiovascular system to deliver oxygen to the muscles and tissues
collaboration
relationship between physical education and classroom teachers in which they work together to fulfill the movement needs of the students and to develop successful curriculum integration activites
prosocial interactions
relationship-enhancing interactions such as engaging in social conversations or cooperative play
motor learning
relatively permanent change in performance as a result of practice or experience
cumulative trauma disorders
repetition injuries are those that result when workers repeat the same series of movements over long periods
Home maintenance activities
require relatively high levels of energy or skill or both shoveling snow, fixing our automobiles, painting our apartments, repairing electrical fixtures
What is Senate Bill 530?
requires fitness assessment for all students in grades 3 to 12 starting in the 2007-2008 school year.
understanding and accepting diversity
respecting those who are different from oneself in race, religion, color, disability, national origin, gender, size, or age
creative and rhythmic movements
rhythmic forms such as movement to music, dance, and manipulative activities using equipment
Which of the following is an appropriate activity for a group of first grade students? running with a soccer ball weightlifting running on a track swimming laps in a pool
running with a soccer ball
solid at room temperature
saturated
2 types of fats
saturated and unsaturated
health-related fitness
second type of physical fitness, generally regarded by those in the health-related professions as more significant than motor performance fitness
Proprioceptors
sensory devices in tendons, ligaments, muscles, and the inner ear that are stimulated by physical actions
Planning for articulation of program material throughout elementary, middle, and secondary school programs is:
sequence or vertical articulation
task (skill) progressions
series of lesson activities that allow students to progress from performing simple to more complex tasks
rules of conduct
set of behaviors that identify how students are to interact with each other and with their environment.
verbal cues
short word sequences to prompt correct technique performance of motor skills. Ex. reach, watch, hug
dispositions
short-term, highly variable psychological states that may be affected by a host of external factors 1. how competent we feel in performing the activity 2. the extent to which we are able to become absorbed in the activity 3. how much control we feel we have over the activity
two ways experience can affect physical activity
skill development, physical performance capacity
significant tools
skills and perceptions possessed by successful people; perceptions of personal capabilities, significance in primary relationships, personal power; interpersonal, intrapersonal, systemic, and judgmental skills
basic game skills
skills that combine the use of the four components of movement (body, space, effort, and relationships) and the fundamental movement skills (locomotor, nonlocomotor, and manipulative) to play low organized games
factors influencing the kinds and amounts of performance experiences
social environments and personal circumstances
socialization about movement
society uses movement to help children develop appropriate sex role identity and gender role; and to learn the role of physical activity in life
disinterested sport spectating
sometimes we watch sport events without great emotional investment
mass media
sources of info (especially electronic in nature) readily available to individuals (tv, computer, internet games, video games, movies) that influence the socialization of children within our culture
extrinsically motivated
sources of reinforcement come from outside the individual
intrinsically motivated
sources of reinforcement come from within child
personal space
space that is used while in a stationary or moving position in a very small area; space that only one person can occupy
"Michelle, that's the way to keep your head tucked" is an example of:
specific feedback
prosocial skills
specific skills that help children learn a broad array of behaviors for resolving conflicts
grade-level goals
specifically written to allow the program goals to be interpreted for the developmental needs of children of different ages and maturity
curriculum guide
specifies the particular content to be mastered at each grade level; contains the district or school's physical education philosophy, grade-level program goals and benchmarks, and program content; may also include yearly plans for various grade levels
This physical education curriculum model is geared toward middle and high school learners and promotes competition. It is known as the: structured physical education model sport education model fitness education model movement education model
sport education model
main carbs in grains and vegetables ,should be body's main source of energy
starches
All of the following are effective strategies for grouping students EXCEPT:
student leaders picking teams.
caring community
students and teacher are partners in the teaching and learning process; students establish caring, respectful relationships with one another; students are encouraged to interact with one another
indirect teaching methods
students are active in decision making or development of the lesson; they may discover, explore, share, or create knowledge, or decide when to begin the activity, whom to work with, and the order of various activities
NASPE standard for personal and social behavior
students in Grade 4 should be able to set a responsibility goal. A student in Kindergarten should be able to identify a personal attribute or give an example of one, such as "keeps trying." A student in Grade 2 should be able to give an example of personal behavior that is responsible, such as, "follows the rules." A student in Grade 6 should be able to set and meet a personal responsibility goal.
mental disability
subaverage general intellectual functioning, along with deficits in adaptive behavior; common characteristics include having a short attention span; being slow to understand and follow directions; exhibiting delayed physical, motor, and perceptual motor skills
simple carbs they benefit health when they are consumed in fruits or milk but may be harmful in the form of concentrated sweets
sugars
water skills
swimming strokes, water games, water aerobics, diving
cooperative movement skills
tasks, games, and activities that require cooperation with partners or groups to accomplish the movement or game goal
student behavior as a choice
teacher helps students choose responsible behaviors by establishing a caring classroom community; teaching social skills to shape student behavior; and implementing discipline strategies that build self-management skills
shared responsibility
teachers and students work together to establish a learning environment in which students manage their own behavior and most of the class time is spent on learning rather than management
teacher-child ratio for recess supervision
teachers are less effective in monitoring and influencing children's behavior and children exhibit more aggressive behaviors when the teacher-child ratio is high; 1 teacher to 40 students is recommended
teacher-student relationship
teachers' positive relationships w/ all students can promote relationships b/n students by showing that each student including those w/ disabilities makes a valuable contribution to the class
direct instruction
teaching method where the teacher controls all aspects of the lesson and serves as the only source for learning information; used primarily to present new information quickly and provide initial practice of new motor skills
PL 94-142
the Federal Education for All Handicapped Children Act (1975); reauthorized in 1990 as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act; states that children w/ disabilities have the right to a free and public education and must be educated in the least restrictive educational environment possible
The principle stating that a highly desirable activity can be used to motivate students to learn an activity that they enjoy to a lesser degree is referenced to as:
the Premack principle
flexibility
the ability of a limb or body part to move through its complete range of motion
muscular endurance
the ability of a muscle to perform a contraction repeatedly
bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
the ability to control one's bodily motions and handle objects skillfully
spatial intelligence
the ability to create a graphic likeness of spatial information, to have a good sense of direction, and to perceive the relationships among colors, lines, shapes and forms, and space
muscular strength
the ability to create a large amount of force at one time; such as how much weight can be lifted in one repetition
intrapersonal intelligence
the ability to form an accurate model of the self and to use this information to guide behavior
interpersonal intelligence
the ability to notice and make distinctions among other individuals and in particular among their moods, temperaments, motivations, and intentions
naturalist intelligence
the ability to understand, relate to, categorize, classify, and explain things encountered in the natural world
linguistic intelligence
the ability to use language in different forms--speaking, reading, and writing
logical-mathematical intelligence
the ability to use numbers effectively, see patterns, and see things from a logical point of view
musical intelligence
the ability to use the core set of musical elements--pitch, rhythm, and timbre
general space
the area within which children can move freely without touching anyone or anything
physical environment
the area, indoors or outdoors, where children perform physical activities, and which must be maintained for safe use
health-related physical fitness
the aspects of fitness related to improving health and achieving an active lifestyle, which include cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, and endurance, body composition, and flexibility
assessment
the collection of data (measurement) and the use of the data to make informed decision (evaluation)
maximum participation
the concept of having all children active all of the time during a game or physical activity, so no one is eliminated from the game, waiting their turn or waiting for a piece of equipment
environment
the context in which the performer does a skill or in which the object is acted upon by the performer
integration
the coordination of muscle and sensory systems, such as movements of the hands and fingers along with the use of the eyes to perform refined skills
scoring rubric
the criteria used to judge performance and the rating scale used to judge level of achievement based on the criteria
instrumental movements
the critical movements required to attain the goal of the activity
heredity (nature) vs environment (nurture)
the debate over whether individual and group behavior is a product of heredity and thus predetermined, or a product of experience and learning and thus able to be altered
scope of program content
the depth and breadth of movement forms to be taught
Subjective experiences
the entire range of emotions and cognitions, dispositions, knowledges, and meanings that we derive from physical activity.
leisure studies or recreation
the entire range of leisure pursuits is the focus of study in the discipline from sedentary activities such as chess or reading to large-muscle activities such as water skiing or softball
skill
the general quality that underlies the performance of motor skills
cardiovascular system
the heart, lungs, and associated arteries, beings, and small blood vessels that are involved in circulation of the blood in the body
students' voices
the idea of listening to students' thoughts, feelings, and perceptions about their physical activity experiences and using that info to improve instruction
Holism
the interdependence of mind, emotions, body, and spirit
fitness and wellness concepts and activities
the knowledge base in fitness and wellness, and any curriculum activities structured to improve children's fitness
motor skill competency
the level of achievement reached by an individual in terms of being able to perform various motor skills and movement activities
standard of care
the level or protections of students that teachers are required to provide against foreseeable harm and unreasonable risk of injury
musculoskeletal system
the muscles and bones of the body
heart rate
the number of times the heart beats per minute
principles of training
the overload principle; specificity of exercise; and progression or progressive resistance
fitness education
the part of a movement education curriculum that emphasizes the importance of physical activity and physical fitness to a healthy and productive quality of life, and the ability to sustain a reasonable intensity of exercise in order to perform daily and sport activities with a minimum of stress and effort
ergonomists or human factor engineers
the physical activity professionals who specialize in improving the efficiency, safety, and well-being of workers
positive transfer
the positive influence on learning a new skill, or using a skill differently, by past experience with another skill
distributed practice
the principle that individuals learn better and more quickly when their efforts on a task are distributed over time with frequent short breaks rather than concentrated in longer periods of time
Self-reflection
the process by which we re-experience the subjectiveness of physical activity
task analysis
the process of systematically identifying the critical components of an activity
differentiation
the progression of skill development from the gross movements of infants to the more refined and useful movements of children
learning
the refinements in the nervous system that result from practice
body composition
the relationship of body fat to lean body weight, the weight of the nonfat components of the body, primarily muscle and bone.
duty
the requirement that teachers conduct their job with a certain standard of care that projects students against foreseeable harm and unreasonable risk of injury
What is kinesiology?
the science of human development
Skilled movement
the second area of focus of kinesiology
Human drama of sport competition
the sense of drama, suspense, and uncertainty that often accompanies sport contests also enhances our enjoyment of them.
Origin
the source or beginning of a muscle
vestibular system
the system origination in the inner ear that assists in maintaining static and dynamic balance
cooperative activities
the teacher develops and assigns an activity to groups that work together to complete movement tasks; groups include a facilitator, harmonizer, resource manager, and recorder
Management time occurs in all of the following instances EXCEPT when:
the teacher is giving a physical education lesson.
active supervision
the teacher is positioned to keep all students in view; moves around to keep students in sight; scans the class to detect problems early; gives feedback to everyone all the time
foreseeability
the teacher must have been able to predict the likelihood of an injury occurring given the situation in question
problem-solving activities
the teacher poses a movement problem and a group of students figure out how to organize to complete the assignment and solve the problem
feedback
the teacher should observe carefully; discuss both correct and incorrect technique; focus on improving the most important error; provide consistent, specific, and and immediate feedback
direct teaching methods
the teacher takes total responsibility for planning, implementing, and evaluation the lesson; directs when students begin the activity, where the activity occurs, and how the activity is to be performed; and serves as the expert during the lesson. The teacher is the source of all information; students communicate directly with the teacher and little with each other
causal relationship
the teacher's action or inaction was the immediate cause of an injury to another person
Which environmental factor does NOT affect curriculum development?
the teacher's interests
vertigo
the thrill that comes from the disorientation of the body in such activities
active learning time (ALT)
the time students are participating successfully in lesson activities that lead to achieving the lesson objectives
Which is NOT a basic urge of children?
the urge to cooperate
sphere of self-expression
the urge to express our inner feelings is one of the most basic human instincts
dominant culture
the values, beliefs, and behaviors expressed and expected by the majority of the people within a given geographical region
physical fitness
the vigor and energy needed to perform moderate to vigorous levels of physical activity w/o undue fatigue
body movements
the way the body moves within space or while stationary. The three components include locomotor movements, nonlocomotor movements, and manipulative movements.
Scope of the curriculum refers to
the yearly content
brain-based education
theory that the brain changes physiologically as the result of challenging, nurturing experiences and that emotions and cognition cannot be separated.
Which of the following are NOT areas of instructional feedback?
time-out
self-management techniques
to help students learn to identify and solve their own behavior problems; emphasize student behavior as a choice; find causes and solutions for behavior problems
overload principle
to improve a fitness component, a person must do a little more work than normal
Stars, points, and certificates of achievement awards are examples of:
token reinforcers
specificity principle
training the particular muscles and systems for a particular exercise
3 major categories of exercise:
training, health-related exercise, and therapeutic exercise
hypokinetic diseases
traits and capacities normally associated with a healthy body, specifically in relation to diseases known to result from a physically inactive lifestyle
manmade increase shelf life products
transfat
may increase risk of heart disease
transfat
Which of the following techniques is utilized to deaden the ball in soccer? throw in trapping heading
trapping
Balance in a curriculum ensures that all objectives in the program receive adequate coverage.
true
Basic urges of children are affected by hereditary or environmental influences.
true
Physical education must be largely an instructional program if it is to acquire a full partnership in the child's overall education.
true
Placing activities in developmental levels offers activities that are appropriate for all youngsters.
true
The curriculum should reflect progression vertically (between developmental levels) and horizontally (within each level and within each activity).
true
The elementary school years are a time of experimentation with movement possibilities.
true
The focus of the cognitive domain for physical education is knowing rules, health information, and safety procedures.
true
The support of school administrators has a significant impact on the curriculum
true
recess behavior
typical actions and interactions of students during free play time on the playground
rating of perceived exertion
understanding how much effort is being made and being able to rate it on a scale
perceived exertion
understanding how much effort is being made and being able to rate it on a scale called rating of perceived exertion
Health-related exercise
undertaken specifically to develop or maintain a sound working body, free of disease and able to perform daily tasks and deal with emergencies
breach of duty
unreasonable conduct, in that a teacher has failed to provide the required standard care for students
does not elevate cholestrol
unsaturated
liquids at room temperature
unsaturated
peanut oil, corn oil, margarine
unsaturated fats
individual or partner practice
used for independent practice of specific motor skills, with self or partner evaluation; the teacher monitors students to provide feedback and keep them on task
movement exploration
used for lower elementary children to explore movement possibilities; the teacher controls when, how and with whom the activities are performed
gross motor skills
using large muscle groups for activities such as running, jumping, skipping, throwing, kicking.
fine motor skills
using small muscle groups
The USDA's food guidelines recommend eating the most of which type of food? vegetables dairy grains fruits
vegetables
pack in a lot of vitamins, minerals that help you stay healthy plus a lot of fiber
vegetables
praise
verbal statements or body actions that communicate positive messages to children about their movement performance
sensory impairments
visual impairments including partial sign and blindness; auditory impairments
face-to-face non contact activities
volleyball, baseball, tennis, or racquetball, competitors interact by trying to maximize their own chances and decrease their opponents' chances of winning
locomotor skills
walking, running, galloping, sliding, jumping, hopping, skipping, and leaping
The national standards movement
was not a quest to develop a national curriculum; rather, the charge was to formulate educational goals for the nation on 'what students should know and be able to do'.
vitamin B & C
water soluble
body awareness
what the body can do-transferring body weight; balancing or weight bearing
principle of quantity
when all other factors are equal, increasing the frequency of our engagement with the critical components of an activity usually results in the largest performance improvement in that activity
free time
when we are able to disengage from our everyday lives and carve out minutes and hours to do what we want to do
space awareness
where the body moves, whether in personal or general space
aerobic
with oxygen
anaerobic
without oxygen
school-level program goals
written by curriculum builders and based on the developed philosophy of education, the NASPE content standard, state standards
lesson plan
written for each class period; includes movement form, grade level, NASPE standard, program benchmark, lesson objectives, materials and equipment, approximate time, activity description, alternate activities, class organization, and student assessment
lesson objectives
written in performance or behavioral terms, they direct the student to do something that is observable and measurable.
Which of the following is the best example of positive feedback with value content?
"Excellent catch. You bent your elbows while catching, which created a soft home for the ball."
Leadership
"The art of influencing people to work together harmoniously to achieve set goals that they endorse." is critical within the field, both now and in the future
activity experience
"activity that includes training, observation of practice, and personal participation"
Professor Karl Newell's Definition of Physical Activity
"intentional, voluntary movement directed toward achieving an identifiable goal"
The amount of time it takes a class to respond when commands or signals are given is referred to as:
"response latency."
Failure to provide proper spotting for high-risk activities is an act of ommission referred to in legal terms as:
Nonfeasance
All physical education teachers should have first aid training.
True
In order for pedagogy to occur, there was be an encounter b/w what?
-teacher -learner -subject matter
What types of physical activities might be chosen by a person who values physical activity as an aesthetic experience? As an ascetic experience? As a social experience?
-Dance activities (gymnastics, diving, ice skating) -Pain, sacrifice, self-denial, delayed gratification (torturous training, bootcamp, personal trainer) -Interaction (team aerobics, team sports, exercise done in health club with others present)
List three health benefits of regular physical activity.
-Defense against obesity, heart disease, stroke and diabetes. -Prevents costly med bills. -Seniors may live independently without falls.
What is the principle of quality? What is the principle of quantity? Give an example in which a physical activity professional would use each principle to design an appropriate physical activity experience.
-Experience will improve PA capacity only if it engages us in the essential aspects of the activity. Must focus on aspect of strength to be a weight lifter. -The more often our training or practice focuses on the essential aspects, the better will be our performance of the activity. Increasing mileage ran for the goal of running marathon.
List four unique characteristics of human physical activity
-Match movements to sophisticated plans to achieve more complex P.A. goals. -Ability to apply P.A. to artistic creations. -High degree of flexibility and adaptation in P.A. made possible by unique anatomical structures. -Ability to plan experiences that improve performance.
Emotions and Emotional Responses
-Perceptions during physical activity can elicit many different internal reactions -Increases our level of excitement and motivation -Subjective reactions are called emotions, they differ depending on the person and situation
Four Truths about sport and exercise
-Physical activity is always accompanied by subjective experiences -Subjective experiences of physical activity are unique -We may not pay attention to the subjective experiences of physical activity -Physical activity will not be meaningful unless we enjoy it
practice versus training
-Practice affects memory, cognition, perception, and other central nervous system processes associated with problem solving -Training produces effects that are largely peripheral to the central nervous system, usually on muscle, bone, soft tissue, and the cardiorespiratory system
List and describe three types of knowledge available to us from subjective experiences in physical activity
-Psychoanalytic self-knowledge, our deep-seated desires, motivations, and behavior -Mystical knowledge, our subjective experiences available to experienced performers only in rare and special circumstances -Socratic self-knowledge, understanding of the difference between what we know and what we don't know
Why is public school education important? What objectives do physical education teachers pursue?
-Public health officials have become alarmed at the overall poor fitness and sedentary lifestyles of children -Exercise and sports: participate in P.A. regularly. Achieve and maintain a health-enhancing level of P.A.
What type of activity can we improve by practicing? What do we call the improvement brought about through practice?
-Skills -Learning
Talking about Subjective Experiences
-Subjective experiences are private experiences -interior by nature, the only way to compare experiences with those is by talking about them -being able to talk about your experiences can be an important way to clarify to yourself why you engage in activity and what it means to you -subjective experiences are not the only factor that motivates us to participate
Why Subjective Experiences are Important
-Subjective experiences can help clarify the bases of your career choices -Help develop your skills as a physical activity professional -How we feel and what we think before, during, and after we engage in a physical activity largely determine whether we will make that activity part of our lives -The focus is on internal dynamics rather than external performance
What are the various ways in which one can watch sports? In your opinion, which does add most to your knowledge of physical activity?
-Vicarious participation & Disinterested sport spectating -Vicarious participation
Describe a situation in which physical activity may help nourish and maintain a state of leisure. Describe a situation in which physical activity may diminish the possibility of attaining a state of leisure.
-Watching people dance, makes us want to dance giving us the urge to go dancing every week. -Watching people dance may discourage other not to dance because they believe they cannot dance.
Rational Knowledge
-When someone says she has gained knowledge, we usually interpret this to mean that she has learned facts, mathematical formulas, or story themes from great works of literature -You will rely on it as your study the theoretical aspects of physical activity
Intuitive Knowledge
-a process by which we come to know something without conscious reasoning -Gained from subjective experiences is usually personal in that it is knowledge about ourselves rather than about the exercise, the skill, or other people
Psychoanalytic self-knowledge
-about our deep-seated desires, motivations, and behavior. -relates primarily to the types of activities in which we choose to participate and the manner in which we pursue them. -the manner in which we choose to participate may also reveal psychoanalytic self-knowledge
physical activity as an aesthetic experience
-associate aesthetic experiences in PA with dance as either participants or spectators, perceive sport as providing certain artistic or aesthetic experiences -gymnastics, diving, ice skating, and other sports which grace and beauty of movement
Physical education is a planned, sequential program of instruction designed to develop......
-basic fundamental skills -sports skills -physical fitness for a lifetime appreciation of and participation in physical activity
Physical activity as a Social Experience
-team sports, group exercise, are intrinsically social events
motor performance fitness
-type of fitness is reflected in a capacity to perform physical activities -"the ability to perform daily activities with vigor
Practical approach to physical activity
-benefits that physical activity offers -extrinsic approaches to physical activity - physical activity produces many extrinsic benefits -physiological benefits of physical are largely inescapable -we should never presume that the mere fact of these benefits makes them the primary reason for engaging in the activity -compare the physiological, psychological, or sociological benefits of physical activity to the nutritional benefits that you might gain after eating a meal at a gourmet restaurant
Physical activity as a cathartic experience
-catharsis refers to a purging or venting of pent-up hostilities, either through attacking an enemy or some inanimate surrogate in an aggressive fashion or through watching an aggressive event
open skills
-environment unpredictable -movements vary from trial to trial -coordinating movements with changing environment essential -anticipation of external events essential
closed skills
-environmental predictable -movements consistent from trial to trial -coordinating movements with changing environment unnecessary -anticipation of external events not necessary -motor skills performed in such highly predictable environments and requiring highly predictable movements
Physical activity for Health and Fitness
-feeling in shape, knowing that you can meet any physical demand that you might face in the course of a day, can give you a sense of confidence and well-being that adds immensely to your quality of life
Factors affecting enjoyment of watching sports
-game knowledge -feelings toward competing teams and players -human drama of sport competition
sensation-seeking activities
-hang gliding, parachute jumping, ski jumping, and rock climbing -a degree of risk and uncertainty is fundamental to our enjoyment
physical performance capacity
-improvements in some physical activities hinge more on --improving strength, developing the capacity to exert greater force, or increasing the range of motion at joints rather than improving the accuracy or timing of your movements -strength and flexibility aren't learned, they are developed
Internalization of physical activity
-internalization -the process of internalization can be summarized in 5 stages 1. You are aware of hiking 2. You respond positively to hiking 3. You go out of your way to hike 4. Hiking becomes part of your value system 5. You have internalized hiking
Subjective experiences of physical activity are unique
-its associated subjective experiences, particularly in the case of sport and exercise, are unique -how we feel when we move our bodies is different from -how we feel when we are sitting or lying motionless -what attract us are the unique subjective characteristics of sport and exercise
Game knowledge
-knowledge about the game often determines our enjoyment as spectators -knowing about the game, including players, strategies, and competitive tactics
What is the "new" physical education and what does it focus on?
-learning motor skills -acquiring knowledge about physical activity -developing an appreciation of the importance of being active
Immediate Subjective Experiences
-our movements create immediate emotional and cognitive impressions -Proprioceptors provide us with info about the body's movements and position in space that is just as important as the unending array of visual and auditory information that often impinges on us when we move
subjective approach to exercise for health
-people appreciate the importance of subjective experiences when they play or watch sports than when they exercise -first reason, extrinsic factors may be the principal reason we initially undertake an exercise program, intrinsic, subjective experiences usually come to be the primary determinant over time -second reason, we make qualitative distinctions between the subjective experiences of strenuous work and strenuous exercise
Physical activity is always accompanied by subjective experiences
-physical activity and kinesiology have been linked to the scientific fields of biology and medicine -realm of the subjective is studied in the humanities or social and behavioral sciences -the physical features of activity merely set the stage for our subjective experiences
physical activity as an ascetic experience
-physical fitness and training programs often require us to undergo pain, sacrifice, and self-denial and to delay gratification -torturous training regimens intended to improv their capacity for performance
3 types of intuitive, personal self-knowledge associated with participating in physical activity
-psychoanalytic self-knowledge, -mystical knowledge, -socratic self-knowledge
Sensations
-raw, uninterpreted data called through sensory organs -Sensations from outside our bodies also become part of the subjective experience
Mystical knowledge
-refers to subjective experiences available to experienced performers only in rare and special circumstances -touches on a dimension not experienced in ordinary life -subjective experiences can be so powerful that memories of them remain with performers for years, sometimes for a lifetime -peak experience - the experience can be feelings of awe and reverence to which the performer may attach a religious or philosophical interpretation
attitudes
-relatively stable mind-sets toward concrete objects that may be favorable or unfavorable -physical activity as a social experience -physical activity for health and fitness -physical activity as the pursuit of vertigo -physical activity as an aesthetic experience -physical activity as a cathartic experience -physical activity as an ascetic experience
physical activity as the pursuit of vertigo
-some people are attracted to a certain category of physical activity that presents an element of risk or thrill, usually through the medium of "speed, acceleration, sudden change of direction, or exposure to dangerous situations, with the participant usually remaining in control"
sport spectacles
-staged competitions designed and promoted for audiences and intended to evoke and entire range of human emotions by virtue of their grandeur, scale, and drama -professional, collegiate, or international events that attract large numbers of spectators
Socratic Self-Knowledge
-understanding of the difference between what we know and what we don't know -knowing our performance limits can help us operate within the confines of our skills and abilities -ignoring personal limits can lead to disastrous performances and even injury -the purpose of practice and training is to expand the range of our performance abilities systematically and gradually, thereby not only improving the quality of our performance but also reorienting our perceptions of our own limitations after taking into account our newly developed skill or performance capacity
Physical activity should be meaningful
-unless we are attracted to the subjective aspects of physical activity, the activity is unlikely to become personally meaningful to us -physical activity provides the raw material for the experience, but the subjective experience keeps us coming back for more -unless you are able to invest the activity with the deepest resources of your mind and will, it can be hollow and meaningless -engaging in physical activity can touch us emotionally, mentally, and spiritually, allowing our experiences to be more meaningful
ways of watching sports
-vicarious participation -disinterested sport spectating
We may not pay attention to the subjective experiences of physical activity
-we can easily overlook the subjective experiences that accompany it -without pausing to ask ourselves what thoughts and feelings the activity generates or how the activity fits within the larger scheme of our lives
perceived competency
-we enjoy activities that we do well more than those that make us feel incompetent -self-efficacy used to refer to how adequate we feel to perform a task
absorption
-when we were deeply engrossed in an exercise or sport and other times when we simply went through the motions
Guidelines for eating before physical activity
1) a special diet is usually not necessary before and athletic competition 2) allow extra time between eating and a vigorous competitive event 3) before competition, reduce meal size 4) before competition, avoid snacks that are high in simple carbs 5) drink before, during, and after activity
Three components of the Female Athlete Triad
1) eating disorders- one either binges and purges or starving yourself. This can lead to malnutrition which can cause the other two legs of the triad. 2) irregular menstrual cycle or Amenorrhea- this is when you have unbalanced and improper amounts of certain chemicals which can cause irregulars periods and overtime they can eventually stop. 3) osteoporosis- this is when bones become weak and porous, they can break easily. This comes from deficiencies in calcium and lack of weight bearing exercises.
Tip to prevent the female athlete triad
1) keep track of your periods and menstrual cycle 2) don't skip meals or snacks 3) visit a dietician or nutritionist who talks to teen athletes 4) do it for you!
3 basic functions of nutrients
1) provide energy 2) build, maintain, and repair body tissues 3) regulate body processes
Calories guidlines
1,600 for inactive women 2,200 for children, teenage girls, and active women 2,600 for teenage boys, active men, and very active women
3 Things about Newell's definition
1. Doesn't stipulate anything about the energy requirements of the movements used to produce the activity. 2. The setting in which physical activity takes place is irrelevant. 3. Simply moving your body doesn't constitute physical activity. Movements must be directed toward some purposeful end.
What are the uses of the fitness gram? Give 4 uses
1. Providing feedback 2. Teaching students about referenced health standards and types of activity needed to reach them 3. Help students track fitness results over time 4. Document that assessments are being administered in the school and results are being tracked.
Factors Related to the Activity
1. balance between the challenges of the activity and the abilities of the performer 2. whether the activity provides clear goals and feedback 3. whether the activity is competitive
People engage in exercise:
1. improve athletic, militia, or some other kind of physical performance 2. improve their health 3. regain performance that has been reduced as a result of injury or disease
What are some inappropriate uses of the fitness gram?
1. students score should not be used to evaluate student physical education 2. Student scores should not be used to evaluate teacher effectiveness 3. score should not be used as a sole measure to evaluate overall PE quality
most important calcium consumption age
11-24
155) Quality educators continue to learn about: A) best practices, instructional modifications and strategies for maximizing the effectiveness of their teaching. B) best practices, instructional modifications and fitness testing. C) instructional modifications, strategies for maximizing the effectiveness of their teaching, and the latest trends in teaching. D) best practices, the latest trends in teaching, and strategies for maximizing the effectiveness of their teaching.
A) best practices, instructional modifications and strategies for maximizing the effectiveness of their teaching.
23) The mesomorphic child is characterized: A) by predominance of muscle and bone. B) as soft and round. C) as large with little muscle. D) as thin with little muscle.
A) by predominance of muscle and bone.
96) Which of the following is encouraged to assist with teaching for diversity? A) cooperative learning B) lecture- style instruction C) multi- media instruction D) Teaching Games for Understanding
A) cooperative learning
132) Shaping student behavior is used to: A) create new acceptable behavior. B) get students to hustle. C) reinforce classroom rules. D) sit students in time out.
A) create new acceptable behavior.
100) Feedback should NOT be: A) delayed. B) offered as soon as possible after a correct performance. C) focused on the desired refinement of a task. D) limited to situations that can be practiced immediately.
A) delayed.
45) Which of the following teaching style involves the most teacher control? A) direct B) reciprocal C) task D) individualized
A) direct
199) Terms describing instruction that combines academic concepts from more than one subject include all of the following EXCEPT: A) disciplinary. B) multidisciplinary. C) cross - disciplinary. D) interdisciplinary.
A) disciplinary.
177) Which of the following factors is NOT a common defense against negligence? A) duty B) assumption of risk C) contributory negligence D) act of God
A) duty
145) The focus of segregated programs for students with disabilities should be to: A) establish a level of skill and social proficiency that will enable the child to be transferred to a less restrictive environment. B) keep the student segregated from other students. C) establish a level of skill performance that will allow the child to compete in sports. D) retain students in a specialized environment.
A) establish a level of skill and social proficiency that will enable the child to be transferred to a less restrictive environment.
195) When monitoring the physical activity environment, which of the following should NOT be used? A) grouping students randomly no matter what the activity B) post safety rules near areas of risk C) instruct the class in safety precautions D) activities based on sound curriculum principles
A) grouping students randomly no matter what the activity
119) An efficient way to divide the class into two groups of equal size is to: A) have students get toe to toe with a partner. B) have students line up and count off by twos. C) pick captains and choose teams. D) select students one at a time.
A) have students get toe to toe with a partner.
70) What does balance in curriculum planning mean? A) including offerings from many different categories of interests B) offering depth in many sport- related skills C) offering basic skills before complex skills D) offering a broad scope of programs
A) including offerings from many different categories of interests
167) Grading on student improvement: A) is time consuming. B) involves pre and post- testing. C) accurately reflects what has been learned in class. D) allows for high skilled students to demonstrate lots of improvement.
A) is time consuming. B) involves pre and post- testing.
99) Nonverbal feedback is effective because: A) it is easily interpreted by students. B) it is less meaningful than verbal feedback. C) it never needs to be practiced. D) there are limited types of nonverbal feedback.
A) it is easily interpreted by students.
194) Minimizing lawsuits include: A) keep complete records of all accidents. B) talk freely to journalists. C) avoid teaching anything that has a risk of injury. D) provide all evidence, oral or written to others.
A) keep complete records of all accidents.
162) Student logs are effective for: A) keeping track of progress toward a goal. B) making sure parents are involved. C) primary grade students. D) buying time.
A) keeping track of progress toward a goal.
188) Major areas of concern involving instruction include all but of the following EXCEPT: A) letting students experiment on equipment. B) teaching proper technique. C) teaching children necessary safety precautions. D) teaching children how to perform an activity.
A) letting students experiment on equipment.
16) Fundamental skills are divided into the following three categories: A) manipulative skills, locomotor skills, nonlocomotor skills. B) game skills, fitness skills, nonlocomotor skills. C) fitness, locomotor skills, rhythmic movement. D) locomotor skills, nonlocomotor skills, manipulative skills.
A) manipulative skills, locomotor skills, nonlocomotor skills.
42) All of the following are outcomes of well-planned lessons EXCEPT: A) mastery of skills by all students. B) fewer behavior problems. C) higher student activity levels. D) more opportunity for teacher instruction.
A) mastery of skills by all students.
81) The majority of activities for Developmental Level I children focus on: A) movement concepts through theme development. B) apparatus, stunts, and tumbling. C) cooperative activities. D) specialized skills and sport activities.
A) movement concepts through theme development.
18) Stretching, twisting, and turning are best described as: A) nonlocomotor skills. B) specialized skills. C) manipulative skills. D) locomotor skills.
A) nonlocomotor skills.
205) Which of the following is an example of integrating social studies into physical education? A) playing and studying games of different countries B) studying the influences of weight on reaction C) measuring your own and other students' performances D) playing number hopscotch to develop number recognition and memory
A) playing and studying games of different countries
111) Which of the following phrases best represents a positive way to make instructional feedback during a lesson? A) "It is totally incorrect to take all the weight on your other foot." B) "Gee, what an incorrect cartwheel." C) "Keep yourself curled when you go through the forward roll sequence." D) "Don't land so hard."
C) "Keep yourself curled when you go through the forward roll sequence."
186) A defense against negligence that attempts to prove that the accident was not caused by teacher negligence is referred to as: A) "contributory negligence." B) "comparative negligence." C) "proximate cause." D) "assumption of risk."
C) "proximate cause."
116) The recommended length of a single physical education instructional episode should NOT exceed: A) 60- 90 seconds. B) 2 minutes. C) 20 - 30 seconds. D) 30- 60 seconds.
C) 20 - 30 seconds.
109) The recommended ratio of positive to corrective feedback is: A) 2 to 1. B) 10 to 1. C) 4 to 1. D) 1 to 1.
C) 4 to 1.
38) Which of the following is NOT a reason to take caution when exercising youngsters in hot weather? A) Outdoor physical education classes present the risk of skin damage caused by the sun. B) Children produce more metabolic heat per unit mass than adults. C) Children have a higher cardiac output at a given oxygen rate. D) Sweating capacity is not as great in children as in adults.
C) Children have a higher cardiac output at a given oxygen rate.
198) When transporting students, which of the following is NOT necessary to remember? A) Travel plans should be officially approved. B) Use licensed drivers. C) It is acceptable to use a personal vehicle. D) Being paid increases liability.
C) It is acceptable to use a personal vehicle.
84) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of weekly unit plans? A) Less orientation instruction is needed after the first day. B) The progression and learning sequences are manageable. C) They decrease the confusion of too many lessons. D) One comprehensive plan is good for a week.
C) They decrease the confusion of too many lessons.
163) To simplify a written test, include the following types of questions: A) Multiple Choice and Essay. B) Multiple Choice and Short Answer. C) True and False and Multiple Choice. D) True and False and Short Answer.
C) True and False and Multiple Choice.
9) Fitness for Life program by Corbin and Lindsay (2007) is an example of: A) a program to be used for replacement of sport programs. B) a means for changing students attitudes toward physical activity. C) a conceptual approach to physical education. D) a program for inactive children.
C) a conceptual approach to physical education.
124) It is best to think of a behavior as: A) a plan for good and bad children. B) increasing teacher attention to off task students. C) acceptable and unacceptable. D) positive and negative.
C) acceptable and unacceptable.
185) A defense against negligence that places the cause of injury on forces beyond the control of the teacher or the school is referred to as: A) contributory negligence. B) an act of omission. C) an act of God. D) proximate cause.
C) an act of God.
22) The most rapid period of growth in children occurs from: A) 5 to 10 years of age. B) adolescence to adulthood. C) birth to 5 years of age. D) 10 to 15 years of age.
C) birth to 5 years of age.
178) Asking students to perform complex skills on the balance beam before they have mastered more fundamental skills can be considered: A) malfeasance. B) assumption of risk. C) breach of duty. D) injury.
C) breach of duty.
160) Which of the following can be described as a rating scale that lists multiple criteria related to a task or motor skill performance? A) anecdotal record sheet B) student log C) checklist rubric D) skill checklist
C) checklist rubric
79) A child- centered physical education curriculum supports: A) children's competitive sports performance. B) teachers' academic freedom. C) children's natural urges. D) teachers' interest levels.
C) children's natural urges.
187) An assumption of risk as applied to physical activities is defined as: A) the conduct of other teachers as a standard for comparison. B) unlawful and intentional force directed at another person. C) choosing to be part of an activity. D) assumption that the situation contains an element of risk and therefore participants will sustain injury.
C) choosing to be part of an activity.
105) Effective instruction includes all of the following EXCEPT: A) refraining from lengthy skill description. B) generally limiting instruction to 30- 60 seconds. C) combining management and instructional episodes. D) focusing instruction on one or two key points.
C) combining management and instructional episodes.
56) When using corrective feedback: A) give it so others can hear and learn from it. B) begin with something positive. C) concentrate on more than one point. D) never give corrective feedback.
C) concentrate on more than one point.
153) Guidelines for successful integration of children with disabilities into physical education include all of the following EXCEPT: A) building ego strength. B) fostering peer acceptance. C) concentrating on the student's disability. D) meeting target goals as specified in the IEP.
C) concentrating on the student's disability.
49) Which of the following is NOT a step involved when using the individualized style? A) prescription B) evaluation C) cooperative learning D) diagnosis
C) cooperative learning
12) Over 65 percent of Americans are overweight or obese; one cause for this is: A) laziness. B) not enough opportunities to participate in sport teams. C) decreased activity levels. D) disinterest.
C) decreased activity levels.
15) Which of the following is NOT a potential responsibility of the physical activity leader in a school? A) providing nutrition education B) leading staff wellness programs C) decreasing students' BMI D) helping teachers integrate physical activity and health in the classroom
C) decreasing students' BMI
cardio
Cardio is short for cardiovascular exercise which is exercise that raises your heart rate and keeps it elevated for a period of time
Functions of water
Carries nutrients to cells, transports waste from cells, allows digestive system to break down nutrients into molecules that the cell can use, helps body to maintain stable temperature.
Explain what checking for understanding is and how it impacts learning?
Checking for understanding are basically questions that the teacher may ask the students to reinforce the critical elements of the skill and cues for success. Checking for understanding impacts learning because it requires students to think about what they just learned and then talk about it in their own words to both their teacher and their peers.
Nutrients
Chemical substances in food that the body needs to function properly.
Objectives of Physical Education The objective to knowledge and understanding Give an example
Cognitive Ex: game rules, health information, strategies, etiquette and safety
Domains covered in physical education
Cognitive, Affective, Psychomotor
Describe how collaboration works at three different levels and how you plan to use each of them?
Collaboration works at the school level, district level, state level, regional level, and international level. I will use collaboration at the school level because I will want to talk to all of the different teachers within my department and learn what they are teaching their students so that I can follow along a similar path or add on to stuff that they are already teaching. I will use collaboration at the district level because it is important to keep districts at a certain level of similarity so that each student in every school is getting a proper education that is similar and consistent with their peers. Collaboration at the state level would include meeting at state conventions and putting ideas together so that good ideas that a teacher has implemented in their city can then be implement in your school and your students will benefit from that.
AAHPERD American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance
Committed to developing and maintaining healthy, active lifestyles for all Americans and to enhancing professional development of members
Common food myths
Common misconceptions you may have heard about nutrition and dieting.
List and describe five different stakeholders who could impact your professional career?
Community- Students who have attended the school, people who have just moved in, the elderly, businesses. Teachers- Fellow teachers want students to have success for both students and school district. They want to be proud of the school district they teach in and give students success. Parks and Recreation- You have potential to share facilities. The parks and recs could be spending a lot of time with students. They feed into high school programs. Parents- Need to have open communication with parents, with both good and bad things. Look at situations through a parent's eyes. Keep documentation. Students- Students are all individual people and should be treated as such. They need to be challenged with the ability to have success. Current students may become future leaders.
A type of negligence where the injured party can recover damages only if found to be less negligent than the defendant (teacher) is referred to as:
Comparative negligence
151) Which of the following should NOT be considered when formulating modifications for students? A) Does the modification make the setting unsafe for the student with unique needs as well as for those students without disabilities? B) Does the change cause an undue burden on the teacher? C) Does the change negatively affect the quality of the educational experience for any student? D) Do the changes allow the student with unique needs to outperform the other students?
D) Do the changes allow the student with unique needs to outperform the other students?
89) Which of the following instruments evaluates physical education programs? A) System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time B) Physical Education Teacher Assessment Instrument C) Physical Education Program Analysis Tool D) Physical Education Curriculum Analysis Tool
D) Physical Education Curriculum Analysis Tool
115) Which of the following should NOT be considered when designing rules? A) Limit the number of rules. B) State rules briefly and positively. C) Identify observable behavior. D) Select a multitude of specific rules.
D) Select a multitude of specific rules.
192) Safe participation in an activity can be enhanced by the following. A) Students practice on equipment even though they use it incorrectly. B) Let students play on equipment even though they are unsupervised. C) Allow elementary children to use equipment designed for high school students. D) Teachers select the equipment according to student's growth and developmental needs.
D) Teachers select the equipment according to student's growth and developmental needs.
136) What type of contract is a written statement specifying certain behaviors that must occur for students to earn certain rewards or privileges? A) a responsibility contract B) a rule contract C) a reward contract D) a behavior contract
D) a behavior contract
176) A legal wrong resulting in direct or indirect injury to another individual is: A) nonfeasance. B) liability. C) misfeasance. D) a tort.
D) a tort.
142) PL 94- 142 requires that all children with disabilities receive a free and appropriate education in the least restrictive environment from: A) age 3 to 18. B) birth to age 21. C) birth to age 18. D) age 3 to 21.
D) age 3 to 21.
133) When using corrective feedback: A) deal with as many students as possible. B) give general guidelines. C) address the student publicly. D) apply soon after the misbehavior.
D) apply soon after the misbehavior.
27) Boys have an advantage in activities requiring: A) leg strength. B) specialized skills. C) cognitive skills. D) arm and trunk strength.
D) arm and trunk strength.
200) Physical educators can help classroom teachers integrate physical education into the academic setting by: A) having the classroom teacher design an integrated lesson for physical education. B) informing the classroom teacher that he has little knowledge of what is being taught in physical education. C) giving feedback to the classroom teacher. D) assisting the teachers with ideas and strategies for teaching physically active students.
D) assisting the teachers with ideas and strategies for teaching physically active students.
166) Grading on effort is used by some teachers to: A) grade on whether a student has reached their potential. B) please parents. C) address uncoordinated students' abilities. D) be fair to students.
D) be fair to students.
141) Children who are punished: A) tend to discuss the problems with the teacher. B) display compassion toward others. C) never repeat the behavior problem twice. D) become more covert in their actions.
D) become more covert in their actions.
101) Closure is a time to: A) move on to the next topic. B) let students cool down. C) send students back to their homeroom class. D) check for student understanding.
D) check for student understanding.
76) Knowledge, comprehension, application, and analysis are areas included in the: A) affective domain. B) conceptual framework. C) psychomotor domain. D) cognitive domain.
D) cognitive domain.
204) Which of the following is NOT an area of mathematics that can be integrated into physical education? A) counting B) math terms C) degrees and fractions D) directions
D) directions
78) Rhythmic activities can be used to: A) teach children how to throw. B) achieve higher levels of coordination. C) perform dances to perfection. D) emphasize the natural rhythm in all physical activity.
D) emphasize the natural rhythm in all physical activity.
169) The most common set of outcomes discussed in physical education is/are: A) national skills tests. B) the national standards. C) CAPA outcomes. D) fitness test scores.
D) fitness test scores.
106) Most instructional feedback: A) is negative. B) is only verbal. C) is habitual. D) focuses on rectifying student performance.
D) focuses on rectifying student performance.
20) Appropriate physical fitness instruction includes all of the following EXCEPT: A) giving students an opportunity to offer input about their fitness program. B) focusing on the process of participating in daily activity rather than on the product of fitness. C) allowing for personal activity choices. D) focusing on the product of fitness, such as how many repetitions, how fast, or how far.
D) focusing on the product of fitness, such as how many repetitions, how fast, or how far.
168) To gather accountability data with pedometers: A) have the students complete the President's Challenge. B) provide a short interest survey to the students. C) two days of data should be used. D) four days of data should be used.
D) four days of data should be used.
50) When using cooperative learning style students are: A) does nothing to enhance psychological growth. B) assigned an independent task to complete. C) emphasis is placed on individual outcomes. D) given the opportunity to work with each other regularly.
D) given the opportunity to work with each other regularly.
120) Knowing students' names: A) involves name tags at first. B) is not necessary in large classes. C) comes naturally to effective teachers. D) is an effective management strategy.
D) is an effective management strategy.
MyPlate food groups
Dairy (1 cup), protein (1/4 of your plate), carbohydrates (1/4 of you plate), vegetables and fruit (1/2 total of your plate).
Why is it important to pre-determine where equipment will be placed before a lesson?
Deciding where to place equipment to facilitate activity time will always be a trial and error situation, but placing equipment in different locations of play for each lesson will allow students to get equipment faster without the struggles between students.
Feedback should not be:
Delayed
NASPE Standard 2
Demonstrates understanding of movement concepts, principles, and tactics as they apply to the learning and performance of Physical activities.Gives students the opportunity to learn basics.
What are the two types of feedback you should use in a physical education setting?
Descriptive and prescriptive
Describe each of the two types of feedback and how they work together.
Descriptive- what we saw Prescriptive- how we make it better
Myth#5
Diets very low in calories are effective for weight loss. Your body needs calories to function. Eating to little calories will cause the body to keep them rather than use them which doesn't reduce fat. Very low calorie diets don't give you the daily nutrients you need.
Digestion process
Digestive system turns complex carbs into glucose. Glucose is transported into the bloodstream and goes to the liver. The glucose is converted to glycogen which is a more compact form of glucose. It is stored in the muscles and will be converted back to glucose when needed.
The continuum of teaching styles ranges from:
Direct teaching to free exploration
Water soluble vitamins
Dissolve in water in your bloodstream and taken throughout the body. Cannot be stored in the body, extras are excreted. We need to eat them every day. (Vitamins C and B-Complex)
Theoretical Knowledge
Divided into categories or sub disciplines
Which of the following should NOT be considered when formulating modifications for students?
Does the change cause an undue burden on the teacher?
Children who feel incompetent in performing physical skills will usually:
Drop out of physical education if possible
Which of the following factors is NOT a common defense against negligence?
Duty
A sub-test of the motor norm-referenced test assesses what? Dynamic praxis Cognition Social abilities Adaptive behavior
Dynamic praxis
Minimizing lawsuits include:
Keep complete records of all accidents
Which of the following phrases best represents a positive way to make instructional feedback during a lesson?
Keep yourself curled when you go through the forward roll sequence
PL 94-142
Law mandates that all children have the right to free and public education that they must be educated in the least restrictive educational environment possible. This has allowed students with disabilities the ability to participate in PE programs
motivation behavior
Learn students' interest and seek creative ways to involve students in the learning process. Use reinforcement techniques, such as checklists, contracts, and award systems. Give students a voice and provide them with choice and opportunities to be responsible.
Psychomotor
Learning is the relationship between cognitive functions and physical movements and is demonstrated by physical skills through movement coordination, manipulation, speed. Actions demonstrated through fine motor skills like using a tool or instrument and also gross motor skills that are used in sports.
The legal term most closely related to legal responsibility is:
Liability
Unsaturated fat
Liquid at room temp, they come mostly from plant sources. (Olive oil, vegetable oil, avocados)
human relations behavior
Listen to students and accept students for who they are. Provide students with opportunities to build their self-confidence and self-worth. Establish and maintain a rapport with all students. Have a sense of humor.
Complex carbs
Long term source of energy, found in starches. (Pasta, bread, cereal, oatmeal)
Psychomotor 2
Manual skills
Locomotor
Means moving from one place to another. Like running, walking, jumping, swimming, climbing.
Performance-based
Measures higher levels of student learning, specifically students' understanding about concepts and ability to apply knowledge.
Cognitive
Mental skills
Water
Most important nutrient, we were made of 60% water. We lose 10 cups of water a day due to excreting, sweating, and breathing. Recommended that you drink 6-8 cups a day. (Fruits and veggies- 75%, meat and poultry- 50-60%, grains- 5-35%
Manipulative skills
Motion using an object like a pencil through fine motor skills or use of gross motor skills and using objects like baseball or basketball
open skills
Motor skills that are performed in a changing environment.
closed skills
Motor skills that are performed in an environment that is stable and predictable.
What is the difference between movement and physical activity? Give an example of an instance in which human movement does not meet the technical definition of physical activity.
Movement is any change in the position of your body parts, while physical activity is intentional, voluntary movements directed towards achieving an identifiable goal. Ex., scratch of the head, blinking an eye, swallowing.
nonlocomotor movements
Movement of the body performed from a relatively stable base of support. Examples include bending, stretching, twisting, turing, leaning, swaying, and swinging.
Skill-Themes Approach
Movement skills and concepts in games, sports, gymnastics, and dance are the basis of this model.
Nonlocomotor
Moving but staying in one spot like twisting.
components of health-related fitness
Muscular strength, muscular endurance, aerobic capacity, flexibility, and body composition.
Which of the following provides physical education benchmarks? IEP NASPE IDEA Title IX
NASPE
NASPE
National Association for Sport and Physical Education
What is NASPE? *National authority on physical education and a recognized leader in sport and physical activity
National Association of Sport and Physical Education
Which of the following is not effective for teaching and valuing diversity?
None of the above
What is the advantage to the direct teaching style?
One of the biggest benefits to direct instruction is the ability to handle situations in which students are participating in hazardous activities, such as archery or fencing. The direct style allows the teacher to control all actions occurring during the activity to keep students safe. Direct instruction is also a great method for providing novice learners with specific content information to facilitate learning in a controlled environment.
official
One who administers the rules of a game or sport and the authority to make decisions about plays such as a referee
health
Optimal well-being that contributes to the quality of life. It is more than freedom from disease and illness. Optimal health includes high-level mental, social, emotional, spiritual, and physical wellness within the limits of one's heredity and personal abilities.
Historically, what individual discussed in class made you appreciate their importance the most and why?
Out of all of the people we discussed in class, Martin Luther was the person who seemed to be the most influential to me and especially made a difference early on. The reason I appreciate his importance the most is because he really pushed for the idea that every person, no matter the social class, should be given the chance to become educated. I also liked the idea that Martin Luther believed the human body should be taken care of for both spiritual and physical reasons.
Burnout
Overwhelming exhaustion, feelings of cynicism and detachment from the job, and a sense of ineffectiveness and lack of accomplishment.
All students, regardless of ability levels, must have access to physical education.
True
Francis Bacon said "There is no comparison between that which is lost by not succeeding and that which is lost by not trying." How does this apply to be a quality physical educator?
This applies to physical education because a quality physical education program is designed to create a lifelong love of being healthy and active. This quote applies especially because it is stressing the idea that a child who tries various activities throughout the physical education program and who eventually has success within the physical education program will want to continue to be physically fit and learn more about living a healthy and active lifestyle. Allowing for success in the classroom is the key to educating children
skill-related physical fitness
Those components of physical fitness that relate to an enhanced performance in sports: agility, balance, coordination, power, speed, and reaction time.
critical elements/critical features
Those elements of performing a skill deemed necessary for its correct execution.
Manipulative Skills List
Throwing, catching, kicking, etc. These are complex motor patterns, and stages of development have been identified, from initial stages through mature patterns of performance.
The best criterion to use in determining exercise workloads for children is:
Time
NATA National Athletes Training Association
To "enhance the quality of health care for athletes, and those engaged in physical activity, and to advance the profession of athletic training through education and research in the prevention, evaluation, management, and rehabilitation of injuries." Established standards for athletic trainers through its education and certification programs.
Curriculum is designed to be a long term plan to accomplish what?
To facilitate learning from kindergarten to graduation
technology
Tools and/or machines produced as a result of processes in which humans use science and knowledge to create things to better help them understand and control something
A legal wrong resulting in direct or indirect injury to another individual is a:
Tort
American Sport Education Program (ASEP)
Training in coaching the young athlete, coaching principles, sports first aid, drugs and sport, and teaching sport skills.
A basic requisite to a well-managed class is the ability of the teacher to model behavior desired from the students.
True
A characteristic of introductory activities is that they engage in immediate activity when they enter the gym.
True
A child's somatotype affects the quality of his or her motor performance.
True
A key to the issue of negligence is forseeability.
True
A portion of the physical education class period should be allotted to students' learning and experiencing fitness.
True
A regular routine for closing the lesson is important.
True
A stable base is necessary when a person applies force to a projectile or absorbs force.
True
A tort is concerned with the teacher-student relationship.
True