Imperialism

Imperialism

term to describe the actions of a stronger, more developed nation as it extends power against a weaker and less developed nation for political, economic, and cultural reasons.

Cuba Libre

"Free Cuba," battle cry Americans made in efforts to help Cuba get it's independence from Spain.

William Randolph Hearst

"Morning Journal," described Spanish feeding Cuban prisoners to animals. Overdramatized to attract readers.

Joseph Pulitzer

"World," described Cuba as a nation covered with blood. Overdramatized to attract readers.

Jose Marti

Cuban patriot who led the fight for Cuba's independence from Spain from 1895 through the Spanish-American War.

Analyze the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War.

(look @ Cuba Libre packet) Cubans wanted independence, but the Spanish wouldn't give in. Cuban revolutionaries destroying private property. General Weyler astablished concentration camps.

Identify the areas after the war where the United States gained influence and new territories.

(review treaty of paris 1898) US gets Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines. US gives Spain $20 mill. for Philippines.

The Platt Amendment

1. Cuba couldn't make a treaty with another nation that would weaken it's independence. 2. Cuba had to allow the US to buy/lease naval stations in Cuba. 3. Cuba's debts had to be kept low to prevent foreign countries from landing troops to enforce payment. 4. US had the right to intervene to protect Cuban independence and keep order.

Sphere of Influence

A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities.

Explain why imperialism appealed to many Americans.

Economic - trade/sell products Religious - spread Christianity Political - advise in how to settle a government

Explain the reasons for the growth of imperialism around the world.

Economic benefits such as access to new markets, access to raw materials in less developed nations, opportunities for foreign investment. Also a desire for naval bases and refueling stations (defense/military).

Emilio Aguinaldo

Filipino General - helped US take Philippines during Spanish-American war - helped Philippines gain freedom from US.

Dollar Diplomacy

Foreign policy created under President Taft that had the U.S. exchanging financial support ($) for the right to "help" countries make decisions about trade and other commercial ventures. Basically it was exchanging money for political influence in Latin America and the Caribbean. Foreign Policy idea by Taft to make countries dependent on the U.S. by heavily investing in their economies.

Religion/Humanitarianism Motives

Intervention to "free" the Cubans from Spanish rulers. Desired to spread Christianity to places w/o organized/established religion.

Describe how imperialism made the United States both welcome and unpopular around the world.

They weren't in favor of them taking over despite benefits they bring as far as economic conditions. Platt Amendment is a good cause/effect example.

Anglo-Saxonism (Developed by John Fiske)

Linked to the idea of manifest destiny, they now believed that the U.S. needed to expand overseas and spread its civilization to other people.

Senator Caffrey

NO, the US shouldn't take the Philippines. PHL is a [source of weakness because it's costs] are higher than it's profits.

Senator McLaurin

NO, the US shouldn't take the Philippines. God [wouldn't want us to pursue conquest] in PHL, because conquest hasn't done much for us.

Political Defense Motives

National security. Needed a strong navy to protect economic assets/interests. Undermine another nations gov. if hostile to US interests/security?

Economic Motives

New markets. Access to raw materials in less developed nations, Opportunities for foreign investments.

Compare American foreign policy in the early 1900s in Latin America and Asia.

Philippines - colony rather then independent nation, more racism involved, US was less concerned about how they felt, Philippines were more similiar to us. Cuba - independent nation, gov and economy modeled on US, stronger economic relationship with them as opposed to Cuba.

Boxer Rebellion

Rebellion in China against foreigners that occurred soon after the "Open Door" notes. Caused by foreign (American and European) "spheres of influence" within the Chinese empire. Led to no formal division of China and the world powers accepted compensation from the Chinese for damages instead.

Roosevelt Corollary

Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force.

Summarize the American view of imperialism prior to 1890.

Stay away from permanent alliances. Increase trading with nations.

Describe the main arguments raised by anti-imperialists.

They didn't want American to be a nation of colonization/of colonies because it went againest American priniples which our nation was built on.

USS Maine

U.S. Battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor (in Cuba) in 1898; Evidence suggests an internal explosion, however Spanish military was framed by Yellow Journalism; The incident was a catalyst for the Spanish American War.

Teller Resolution

passed by Congress and stated that the United States intended only to free Cuba from tyranny and did not seek to control the island itself.

Imperialism Main Motives/Objectives (3)

reasons US wanted to influence the nation; religion/humanity, political defense, and economy

Yellow Journalists/Journalism

reporting in which writers often exaggerated and even made up stories to attract readers.

Senator Lodge

YES, the US should take Philippines. PHL has resources and we don't want to lose the empire's [profits].

Senator Teller

YES, the US should take Philippines. PHL is a struggling nation, [feels obligated to help] and we don't want to leave them in poor conditions and risk them being taken by Europe.

Jingoism

aggressive nationalism/patriotism/pride that was very strong in the Republican Party.

Hay-Herran Treaty

between the U.S. and Colombia; U.S would have complete control over a 6 mile wide strip that was 53 miles long; U.S. would pay $10 million and $250,000 a year to operate the Canal; U.S. Senate ratified the Treaty but Colombia delayed ratification to try to get more money

Open Door Policy

countries would be allowed to trade with China.

Hay-Bunau-Varrilla Treaty

established Panama Canal Zone.

domestic policy

government's program for dealing with issues within the nation

foreign policy

government's program for dealing with other nations

Panama Canal

manmade water route that linked the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans; built by the U.S. as a lock canal