Independent variable, Chemistry of Life (Chapter 1 and 2)
Nucleotide
A building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a base, a sugar, and a phosphate group
Solvent
A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
Polymer
A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.
Surface tension
A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
Organic molecule
A molecule containing carbon that is a part of or produced by living systems.
Experiment
A procedure that will test the hypothesis
Capillary action
A process powered by adhesion that causes water molecules to move upward through a narrow tube such as the stem of a plant.
Monomer
A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
Solute
A substance that is dissolved in a solution.
Constant
All the parts of the experiment that remain the same during an experiment
Adhesion
An attraction between molecules of different substances
Protein
An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells. Used for muscle building, growth, structure, and fighting disease.
All living things... (think "small but alive")
Are made up of Cells.
All living things..(think change over the generations)
As a group they change over time, or evolve.
Hydrogen bond
Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative oxygen atom.
Cohesion
Attraction between molecules of the same substance
Fatty acid and Glycerine
Building Blocks of Lipids
Polysaccharide
Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides
Nucleic acid
Carries genetic information, (DNA or RNA), composed of the elements C, H, O, N and P
H2O
Chemical formula for water
Carbohydrate
Compound used for quick energy source in living things. Contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (examples - sugars, starches, and cellulose)
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid, transmits genetic material. One type of Nucleic Acid.
Lipid
Energy-rich organic compounds, long term storage of energy. Such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Important part of the cell membrane.
Control group
Experimental group that does NOT get the independent variable; used for comparison.
All living things... (think "tiny seed ---> apple tree")
Grow and Develop.
Scientific Method
It is a process that is used to answer questions about the world
Active Site
Location on the enzyme where the substrate comes to react
All living things... (think homeostasis)
Maintain a Stable Internal Environment.
Amino acid
Monomer (building blocks) of protein
All living things... (think metabolism)
Obtain and use Material and Energy.
Hemoglobin
Protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen
Enzyme
Protein that speeds up chemical reactions
Substrate
Reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts
All living things... (think "sexual vs. asexual)
Reproduce.
All living things... (think stimulus)
Respond to their Environment.
Conclusion
Statement that explains if the hypothesis was supported or not.
Hypothesis
Testable explanation of a question or problem
Independent variable
The part of the experiment that is being changed or manipulated to see if it has an effect.
Dependent variable
The part of the experiment that you measure. It changes based on the effect of the Independent variable.
Problem/Question
This is created based on your observation
charts/tables or graphs
Used to organize data gathered during the experiment
Observation
Using your senses (look, touch, smell, describe) to gather information
Polar molecule
a molecule in which one side of the molecule is slightly negative and the opposite side is slightly positive
Monosaccharide
a simple sugar, the monomer of carbohydrates
All Living things... (think DNA)
are based on a Universal Genetic Code.
variables
factors that might change in an experiment
Nonpolar molecule
molecule that shares electrons equally and does not have oppositely charged ends