Infection & Control EAQ
During new hospital employee orientation, which education would the nurse provide regarding hepatitis B vaccination and exposure to the hepatitis C virus (HCV)?
"At 4 weeks after exposure, an HCV-RNA test is offered to determine whether the employee contracted HCV"
After educating a nursing student about Standard Precautions, the nurse identifies that which statement made by the student indicates the need for further learning?
"I should wash my hands with antimicrobial soap and water if my hands are not visibly soiled"
Which type of personal protective equipment should the nurse wear when caring for a pediatric patient who is placed on Airborne Precautions for confirmed chickenpox/herpes zoster?
- disposable gown - N95 respirator mask - gloves
During an infection control surveillance study, the nurse reviews medical records and identifies that which person is at an increased risk for an airborne infection?
-A neonate -A 78 year old who is hospitalized -A resident of an assisted living family
Put the following steps for removal of protective barriers after leaving an isolation room in order.
-Remove and dispose of gloves -Remove eyewear or goggles. -Untie waist and neck strings of gown. Remove gown, rolling it onto itself without touching the contaminated side. -Untie top and then bottom mask strings and remove from face. -Perform hand hygiene.
When discussing modes of transmisison for pathogens, which example would the nurse include?
-Vehicle; eating thawed meat that is partially cooked -Droplet; an infected person coughs or sneezes -Indirect; personal contact of susceptible host with contaminated inanimate object -Vector; internal transmission such as a parasitic condition between vector and mosquito -Airborne; germs that are suspended in the dust from a construction zone
To reduce transmission of disease, which step would the nurse take when administering medication to a patient with Clostridium difficile infection?
-give oral medication using a disposable cup -wash hands with antimicrobial soap and water -discard safety needles into the sharps container -wear gloves when administering an injection
When assessing local inflammation of a patient's ankle, which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
-swelling -redness -pain -loss of function -heat
A patient who has been placed on Contact Precautions for Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) asks you to explain what he should know about this organism. Which statements made by the patient show an understanding of the patient teaching?
1. "The organism is usually transmitted through the fecal-oral route." 2. "Hands should always be cleaned with soap and water rather than the alcohol-based hand sanitizer." 3. "Everyone coming into the room must wear a gown and gloves."
Which of these statements are true regarding disinfection and cleaning?
1. Proper cleaning requires mechanical removal of all soil from an object or area. 2. Routine environmental cleaning is an example of medical asepsis. 4. Cleaning in a direction from the least to the most contaminated area helps reduce infections.
The infection control nurse has asked the staff to work on reducing the number of iatrogenic infections on the unit. Which of the following actions on the nurses' part would contribute to reducing health care-acquired infections?
1. Teaching correct handwashing to assigned patients 2. Using correct procedures in starting and caring for an intravenous infusion 3. Providing perineal care to a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter
Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrate the practice of core principles of surgical asepsis?
2. Keep the sterile field in view at all times. 3. Consider the outer 2.5 cm (1 inch) of the sterile field as contaminated.
A patient is diagnosed with a multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) in his surgical wound and asks the nurse what this means. What is the nurse's best response?
2. The antibiotics the patient has received are not strong enough to kill the organism. 4. The organism has developed a resistance to one or more broad-spectrum antibiotics, indicating that the organism will be hard to treat effectively.
Which infection control practice would the nurse implement for a patient who is hospitalized for treatment of an infection with a multidrug-resistant organism?
Contact precautions
To reduce the risk of infectious diseases, which vaccine is recommended in older adults?
Influenza pneumonia
In which order do the stages of infection for mumps occur?
Invasion of the pathogen into the body Incubation period Occurrence of symptoms such as malaise and fatigue Occurrence of a high fever and parotid swelling Convalescence
Which nursing intervention is the priority when caring for a patient with Mycoplasma pneumoniae?
Isolating the patient
Which cellular components make up purulent exudate?
Bacteria Neutrophils Monocytes White blood cells
A patient is placed on Airborne Precautions for pulmonary tuberculosis. The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry, but the nurse recognizes that this is a normal response to isolation. Which is the nurse's best intervention?
Explain the reasons for isolation procedures and provide meaningful stimulation.
The nurse would intervene when which handwashing step is performed by another member of the health care team?
Keeping elbows lower than the hands and forearm during washing
Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is the most important for the nurse to wear when entering the room of a patient with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection?
N95 Respirator
When discussing the chain of infection during an education module, which organism would the nurse include when listing portals of exit through the reproductive tract?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Place the chain of infection in the correct order.
Reservoir Port of exit Mode of transmission Port of entry Susceptible host
The nurse assesses the following data from a patient with diabetes mellitus who is 4 days postoperative for repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which assessment finding is of greatest concern for the nurse?
Temperature 38.5o C (101.4o F)
Which piece of medical equipment is considered to be a critical item that must be kept sterile?
Urinary catheter
A positive airflow with 12 or more air exchanges per hour would be implemented as a barrier protection for which type of infection or condition?
allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplants
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is transmitted via which major reservoir?
blood, semen, vaginal secretions
A patient is diagnosed with meningitis. Which type of isolation precaution is most appropriate for this patient?
droplet precautions
When educating a nursing student about the transmission of infection, the nurse would discuss which item that can easily lead to cross-infection by indirect contact?
eating utensils urinal bedpan bath basin bedclothes
The portal of exit for the influenza virus is which area of the body?
respiratory tract
