Infection, Immunity, Inflammation

The nurse is providing education to a senior circle group during an active flu season about the differences between viruses and bacteria. What statments made by the attendees indicates that the education has been effective? Select all that apply. "I can take an antibiotic to eradicate a viral infection ". "There are some Immunizations that are available for select viruses. "There are some viruses that may be associated with cancers." "The virus enters the host cell's metabolism and replicates itself" "Viruses are not as harmful as bacteria."

"There are some Immunizations that are available for select viruses." = HPV "There are some viruses that may be associated with cancers." = HPV = Cervical cancer "The virus enters the host cell's metabolism and replicates itself" Viruses cause = AIDs, Chickenpox, colds, cold sores, encephalitis, hepatitis, herpes, HPV, influenza, measles, mononucleosis, mumps, polio, rabies, shingles, pNA, and many other diseases. Some have been associated with cancers and leukemias and with many autoimmune diseases. Viruses and bacterias are equally as harmful since there is not effective tx for virus.

The nurse is asked to check the unit's supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) to see if additional equipment needs to be ordered from central supply. The nurse should assess the level of which type of equipment? Select all that apply. 1. Nonsterile gloves 2. Sterile gloves 3. Masks 4. Gowns 5. Protective eyewear

1. Nonsterile gloves 3. Masks 4. Gowns 5. Protective eyewear Rationale: Sterile gloves are NOT PPE they are for sterile technique

Which client presents the most significant risk factors for the development of Clostridium difficile infection? An 81-year-old client who has been receiving multiple antibiotics for the treatment of sepsis A 30-year-old client who has recently contracted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after engaging in high-risk sexual behavior A 44-year-old client who is paralyzed and whose coccyx ulcer has required a skin graft A client with renal failure who receives hemodialysis three times weekly

An 81-year-old client who has been receiving multiple antibiotics for the treatment of sepsis Rationale: 2 common factors that increase a person's risk of getting C. Diff is being older than 65 and current/recent use of antibiotics.

After the nurse has set up a sterile field for a dressing change, the nurse realizes that an essential item has been forgotten. How should the nurse proceed? Ask another staff member to bring the forgotten item. Retrieve the forgotten item and prepare the sterile field again. Continue the dressing change utilizing the equipment at hand. Determine if the item could be added after the completion of the dressing change.

Ask another staff member to bring the forgotten item. Rationale: This is more cost-effective than starting a new sterile field again (i mean I guess)

The nurse working with the hospital's infection control team is attempting to decrease the transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens. Which intervention will be most effective? Incentivizing health care workers to utilize hand hygiene Revising the facility's infection control protocols Encouraging visitors to adhere to isolation precautions Limiting visitors to family members over the age of 18

Incentivizing health care workers to utilize hand hygiene Rationale: Educate and encourage health care workers to utilize effective hand hygiene.

The nurse is preparing to perform handwashing. Place the following steps in the correct order. Use all options. 1 Turn on the faucet and adjust force and temperature of the water. 2 Wet the hand and wrists. 3 Apply soap. 4. Turn the faucet off with a paper towel. 5. Wash the palms and backs of the hands for at least 20 seconds. 6. Pat the hands dry with a paper towel

Turn on the faucet and adjust force and temperature of the water. Wet the hand and wrists. Apply soap. Wash the palms and backs of the hands for at least 20 seconds. Pat the hands dry with a paper towel. Turn the faucet off with a paper towel. Rationale: Pat hands dry with paper towel THEN turn off the faucet, because obviously you wouldn't touch the dirty faucet after you just did hand washing lol

A nursing student comes to the university health center reporting a sore throat, malaise, and loss of appetite. The nurse assesses the student and determines she has large, white-yellow exudates in the back of the throat and a fever. The student is presenting with: an infectious disease. a viral illness. a throat mass. mononucleosis.

an infectious disease. Rationale: Remember that infectious diseases means any pathologic event from an invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in a host. Injury = fever, rashes, malaise, N/V/D, purulent discharge from wounds

A lead nurse is removing personal protective equipment after dressing the infected wounds of a client. Which is the priority nursing action? remove the garments that are most contaminated make contact between two contaminated surfaces make contact between two clean surfaces handwashing before leaving the client's room

handwashing before leaving the client's room Rationale: The MOST important nursing action = handwashing before leaving the client's room and before touching any other client, personnel, environmental surface or client care items. Regardless of the PPE, nurses need to follow a sequence in how they remove them. Making contact between two contaminated surfaces or two clean surfaces; perserving the clean uniform underneath.

To eliminate needlesticks as potential hazards to nurses, the nurse should: place the uncapped needle on a tray and carry it to the medicine room for disposal. immediately deposit uncapped needles into a puncture-proof plastic container. stick the uncapped needle into a Styrofoam block and deposit it in a plastic container. slide the needle into the cap and deposit it in a puncture-proof plastic container.

immediately deposit uncapped needles into a puncture-proof plastic container. Rationale??? All uncapped needles should be placed in a puncture-proof plastic unit immediately after use. Why wouldn't you slide up the safety then lol.

The nurse is receiving a confused client with a draining wound onto the medical-surgical unit. Which room assignment will the nurse make? into a private room with a client with pneumonia with a client with a myocardial infarction with another client with a draining wound

into a private room Rationale: Patient with confusion AND a draining wound would benefit from a private room. The client cannot help maintain an appropriate environment or hygiene, so having the patient room up with another patient with a susceptible condition is NOT appropriate.

The nurse is caring for a client who became very ill after ingesting seafood. How will the nurse document this condition? infectious disease communicable disease noncommunicable disease contagious disease

noncommunicable disease Rationale: A noncommunicable disease is caused by food or environmental toxin.

An infection-control nurse is discussing needlestick injuries with a group of newly hired nurses. The infection control nurse informs the group that most needlestick injuries result from: recapping a needle. needles left in the client's linen. full needle boxes. faulty needles and syringes.

recapping a needle. Rationale: Omg this one was your first answer lol. I thought it meant like capping the needle. Anyways, most needlesticks occur during recapping, so never recap needles. Nurses know that full needle boxes are a hazard, and they should be replaced with empty ones when 3/4 of the box is full to avoid needlestick exposure.