INFM 109: Chapter 11 - Use It

CMO: Does it really matter if you're talking to a computer, if it means you'll get the best response every time? You: Well, we're making a bit of a trade-off here. The kinds of problems we want computers to solve are too complex to write code that will always give the "right" or "best" answer. Sometimes we just need "good enough" in exchange for getting to the solution more quickly. Due to this complexity, AI systems rely heavily on ________.

Heuristics For some decisions, computer systems obtain good solutions to complex problems based on heuristics, a trial-and-error method of problem solving, rather than trying to search for the one, most optimal solution, which might be technically difficult or too time consuming.

Semi - Supervised

Malia needs to train a system to detect indications of fraud using both known and unknown techniques based on the limited dataset of known fraud techniques.

Cartesian

Melody needs a robot that will automatically and precisely apply adhesive to metal cutouts. The robot should move within a cube-shaped space, similar to the claw machines at the arcade.

The software will need to be able to learn as it goes, constantly improving its facial recognition performance. What kind of system can detect patterns in large sets of data that will enable this deep learning?

ANN

Reinforced

Evelyn needs to train a system to determine the best timing for a network of traffic light signals.

Articulated

Gemini needs a robot that will pick up bunches of pencils from a flat conveyor belt and drop them into a nearby vertical funnel, which will require an adaptable grabbing motion followed by a large twist motion.

Unsupervised

Leo needs to train a system to identify unexpected relationships between customer demographics and the products that they purchase.

Operations manager: Obviously, we can't send everyone back to school. What have you got in mind? You:There are a lot of options. For one, we can incorporate AI systems with easy-to-use ____________ interfaces to democratize AI, making these systems easier for more people to learn how to use. We can also deploy lightweight robots where trained workers can decide how best to use these robots to complete strenuous, repetitive, or dangerous tasks.

Point-and-click Simplified user interfaces, such as a point-and-click interface, makes complex technologies more accessible to less technically skilled workers.

Operations manager: Wow, I didn't realize any of that was possible. So what kind of expert do we need on staff to make this happen and do it right? You:I think our best bet is a ______________. They can help us select user-friendly models, program them, and determine what kind of training our workers will need.

Robotics scientist Robotics scientists are engineers who are responsible for robots and can assist in selecting and configuring appropriate models for specific scenarios as well as identifying the types of training needed for robot operators.

CMO: I guess I'm a little old-fashioned, but I'm concerned this will actually be a turn-off for customers, that they'll get frustrated with the chatbot and we'll lose business. You: Today's AI systems present much more natural interactions than they used to. The system is learning as it goes and can even ____ so its performance improves over time.

Self-correct Artificial intelligence systems can simulate human intelligence processes, including learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach conclusions), and self-correction (using the outcome from one scenario to improve its performance in future scenarios).

Supervised

Terrance needs to train a system to identify patients whose symptoms indicate various common diagnoses.

SCARA

Terry needs a robot that will seal lids on cans as they pass by on a conveyor belt, which will require both lateral and rotary movement.

CMO: That's amazing how smart computers are getting. How can customers know if they're talking to a computer or a real person? You: It's important to maintain transparency so customer expectations match reality. Still, we've not yet been able to develop a computer that could pass a(n) ________. There are always idiosyncrasies about how a computer communicates that you can detect, some kind of indication that the communication is not as natural as how a human talks.

Turing The Turing test was developed to determine if a computer could hold a conversation with humans and convince them that they were conversing with another human.

Operations manager: Employees are worried. They don't want to lose their jobs, especially with the upcoming holidays. And I don't want to have to lay off anyone. But we've got to make this AI system work. How disruptive is all of this going to be? You: Research shows that human and AI collaboration is much more effective than using AI to replace humans. So ideally, we won't lose anyone. Instead, we can help employees ____________ to work with the AI instead of being replaced by it.

Upskill Organizations can recognize the talent within their existing workforce and help employees upskill to meet the demands of new automation by offering training for higher-skilled roles.

As the system identifies persons of concern, security personnel can help to further fine-tune the system's performance by providing feedback through the association of ____________ to the results.

Values Data is collected and input into the ANN and then filtered through networked connections that have a value associated with them. These values lead the program to make decisions that lead to increasingly optimized results.