International Accounting Quiz 2
Homeko, Inc. is located in the U.S., but it has subsidiaries in Germany. When the euro appreciates relative to the U.S. dollar, what is the direction of the translation adjustment to consolidate Homeko's financial statements? A) When there is net asset exposure, the translation adjustment will be positive. B) When there is net liability exposure, the translation adjustment will be positive. C) The direction of the adjustment is indeterminate. D) There will be no adjustment necessary unless the difference is realized.
A
How is the international standard for translating foreign currency financial statements (IAS 21) different from U.S. GAAP with respect to subsidiaries in hyperinflationary economies? A) IAS 21 requires that the subsidiary's financial statements be restated to account for the inflation before using the current exchange rate for all balance sheet accounts. B) IAS 21 requires that the temporal method be used for translating the foreign currency financial statement. C) IAS 21 requires the current rate method without taking into consideration any inflation adjustment. D) U.S. GAAP requires that foreign subsidiary financial statements be restated to account for inflation before applying the current rate method.
A
Placo Ltd., a Scottish subsidiary of Limko, Inc., a U.S. company, showed cost of goods sold on its income statement for the year ended December 31, 2010. Inventory, 1/1/10 £100,000 Purchases 900,000 Cost of Goods Available for sale 1,000,000 Inventory, 12/31/10 200,000 Cost of Goods Sold £800,000 Exchange rates/£ December 31, 2010 $0.522 December 31, 2009 $0.560 2010 average $0.547 What amount should be used to consolidate Placo's cost of goods sold into Limko's income statement under the temporal method? A) $443,900 B) $437,600 C) $432,500 D) $448,000
A
Under FASB ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters, when the temporal method is used, how are translation adjustments treated in the consolidated financial statements? A) As gains or losses on the current period consolidated income statement B) As prior period adjustments to retained earnings of the parent C) As part of other comprehensive income on the consolidated balance sheet D) None of the above because the temporal method is not allowed under FASB ASC 830.
A
What is the paradox of hedging balance sheet exposure? A) Real costs can be incurred to hedge an unrealized translation adjustment. B) The hedging process rarely works the way management intended. C) Hedging is a conceptual process that is nearly impossible to undertake in the real world. D) Markets have yet to be developed that offer the kinds of derivative instruments required for hedging.
A
When the parent company of a foreign subsidiary believes that all of its investment in the subsidiary is exposed to foreign exchange risk, what method of translation should be used in consolidating the financial statements? A) Current rate method B) Current/noncurrent method C) Monetary/nonmonetary method D) Temporal method
A
A Danish subsidiary of a U.S. corporation recorded a building it purchased in 2020 for 100,000,000 krone, when the exchange rate was $0.132/krone. The current exchange rate is $0.163/krone. Under the temporal method, how should the translated amount of the restated asset be interpreted? A) The U.S. parent would have to pay $16,300,000 to acquire the building today. B) The U.S. parent would have had to pay $13,200,000 to acquire the building in 2020. C) The building is worth $13,200,000 to the U.S. parent today. D) None of the above
B
Essco Ltd, a foreign subsidiary of Peako Corp., has written down its inventory to current market value under a "lower of cost or market" rule. When consolidating Essco's balance sheet into Peako's balance sheet using the current rate method, what exchange rate should be used for the inventory under the temporal method? A) Historical rate B) Current rate C) Average rate D) Cannot be determined with the information given
B
International accounting standards define functional currency as: A) the currency of the parent company. B) the currency of the primary economic environment in which the subsidiary operates. C) the currency of the primary economic environment in which the parent operates. D) the currency used by a subsidiary for its financial reporting.
B
Placo Ltd., a Scottish subsidiary of Limko, Inc., a U.S. company, showed cost of goods sold on its income statement for the year ended December 31, 2010. Inventory, 1/1/10 £100,000 Purchases 900,000 Cost of Goods Available for sale 1,000,000 Inventory, 12/31/10 200,000 Cost of Goods Sold £800,000 Exchange rates/£ December 31, 2010 $0.522 December 31, 2009 $0.560 2010 average $0.547 What amount should be used to consolidate Placo's cost of goods sold into Limko's income statement under the current rate method? A) $417,600 B) $437,600 C) $448,000 D) $443,900
B
Under both the temporal method and the current rate method, what exchange rate should be used to translate a foreign subsidiary's dividends into parent company currency? A) Current rate B) Historical rate C) Average rate D) Any of the above methods can be used under both the temporal and current method.
B
Under the current rate method of translating foreign currency financial statements, what exchange rate should be used for cost of goods sold? A) Spot rate at the end of the year B) Average rate during the year C) Spot rate mid-year D) There is no single rate because beginning and ending inventory must be converted at different exchange rates than purchases.
B
What exchange rate should be used to translate the common stock of Essco Ltd, a foreign subsidiary of Peako Corp., when consolidating the financial statements using the current rate method? A) Current rate B) Historical rate C) Average rate D) Cannot be determined with the information given
B
What is meant by the "translation" of foreign currency financial statements? A) Converting financial statements prepared under foreign GAAP into domestic GAAP B) Converting financial statements of a foreign currency into a domestic currency C) Converting the language used in financial statements from foreign to domestic D) Converting historic cost financial statements into current cost financial statements
B
What is the "disappearing plant" problem that is addressed by FASB ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters? A) This refers to the accelerated depreciation methods that are popular for fixed asset valuation. B) High inflation can result in extreme decreases in the reported amounts for foreign fixed assets. C) Cheap foreign currency results in U.S. companies moving factory operations offshore. D) Investment in fixed assets was not being reported on foreign subsidiary financial statements.
B
What is the primary difference between transaction exposure and accounting exposure? A) Transaction exposure results from changes in currency exchange rates, whereas accounting exposure is the result of changes in accounting method. B) Transaction exposure results in changes in cash flow, whereas accounting exposure does not necessarily result in changes in cash flow. C) Transaction exposure must be hedged, but accounting exposure does not need to be hedged. D) Transaction exposure affects only monetary assets and liabilities, whereas accounting exposure affects all assets and liabilities.
B
When would the balance sheet exposure arising from the current rate method become realized? A) It is realized once the financial statements of the foreign operation and the parent are consolidated. B) It is realized any time the historical exchange rate is different from the spot rate at the balance sheet date. C) It is realized when the foreign operation is sold at book value and the proceeds are converted into parent company currency. D) It can never be realized because it is only the result of the choice of accounting methods and does not reflect real exposure.
C
Which of the following is a limitation of using the temporal method for translating foreign currency financial statements? A) The translated asset and liability amounts have no meaningful interpretation. B) The translation adjustment will usually have a negative impact on income. C) Financial ratios after translation will be distorted. D) All of the above are limitations of the temporal method.
C
Which of the following is true of monetary assets? A) Monetary assets are translated at historical exchange rates under all translation methods. B) Monetary assets are those assets whose values do not fluctuate over time. C) Monetary assets include current assets like marketable securities. D) Monetary assets are always translated at current exchange rates.
C
Which of the following methods for translating foreign currency financial statements is required to be used under IAS 21? A) Current/Non-current method B) Monetary/Non-monetary method C) Temporal method D) All of the above may be used under IAS 21.
C
Which of the following methods for translating foreign currency financial statements is required under IAS 21? A) Current rate method. B) Temporal method. C) Current rate method or temporal method, depending on the functional currency of the subsidiary. D) Current rate method or temporal method must be chosen by management of the parent.
C
According to FASB ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters, which of the following conditions would indicate that a foreign subsidiary's functional currency is the parent company's currency? A) Active local sales market B) Sales price not affected by changes in exchange rate in the short-run C) High volume of intercompany transactions D) All of the above are indicators that the functional currency is the parent company's currency.
C
Companies must choose between which exchange rates for consolidating foreign subsidiaries? A) Spot rate and forward rate B) Spot rate and closing rate C) Current rate and historical rate D) Domestic rate and international rate
C
Excellent Inc. is located in the U.S., but it has subsidiaries in Japan. When the yen depreciates relative to the U.S. dollar, what is the direction of the translation adjustment to consolidate Excellent's financial statements? A) When there is net asset exposure, the translation adjustment will be positive. B) There will be no adjustment necessary unless the difference is realized. C) When there is net liability exposure, the translation adjustment will be positive. D) The direction of the adjustment is indeterminate.
C
In their research published in 1988 related to translating foreign currency financial statements, Doupnik and Evans found that U.S. multinationals were biased in favor of using a foreign currency as the functional currency. What reason did the researchers give for this management decision? A) It was easier than proving to the FASB that a subsidiary's functional currency was the U.S. dollar. B) Doing so allowed companies greater latitude in selecting the method of translating foreign currency financial statements. C) This allows the use of the current method, which defers recognizing translation gains or losses in income. D) This allows the use of the temporal method, which defers recognizing transaction adjustments in income.
C
Under U.S. GAAP, what method of translating foreign currency financial statements must be used for subsidiaries in highly inflationary economies? A) Current rate method B) Current/non-current method C) Temporal method D) Monetary/non-monetary method
C
Under the current rate method of translating foreign currency financial statements, what is the amount of the balance sheet exposure? A) It is equal to the amount of assets recorded by the subsidiary. B) It is equal to the amount of liabilities recorded by the subsidiary. C) It is equal to the foreign operation's net asset position. D) It is equal to total assets plus total liabilities.
C
Under the temporal method of consolidating foreign currency financial statements, what exchange rate should be used for translating the depreciation expense recorded by a subsidiary? A) Average rate B) Current rate C) Historical rate D) Forward rate
C
Using the temporal method of translating foreign currency financial statements, what basis should be employed when using the "lower of cost or market" rule for inventory valuation? A) Lower of parent currency cost or parent currency market at current exchange rate B) Lower of subsidiary currency cost or subsidiary currency market at appropriate exchange rate C) Lower of parent currency cost or parent currency market at appropriate exchange rate D) Lower of subsidiary currency cost or parent currency market at current exchange rate
C
What is another term for "balance sheet exposure?" A) Transaction exposure B) Exchange exposure C) Translation exposure D) Negative exposure
C
What is one problem in translating retained earnings using either the temporal or current rate method? A) There is no problem, since both methods use the historic rate method for stockholders' equity accounts. B) Dividends are based on an average cost method. C) Net income is calculated differently, depending upon which method is used. D) Dividends are based on the current exchange rate under the current rate method, while they are based on historical rates under the temporal method.
C
Under FASB ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters, what is the definition of "functional currency?" A) The primary currency used by the parent company B) The currency that minimizes the translation adjustment on the consolidated financial statements C) The currency in which the subsidiary does its financial reporting D) The primary currency of the foreign entity's operating environment
D
Under both the temporal method and the current rate method, what exchange rate should be used to translate a foreign subsidiary's additional paid-in capital into parent company currency? A) Closing rate B) Current rate C) Average rate D) Historical rate
D
What is the cause of balance sheet exposure? A) Converting subsidiary account balances to balances denominated in the parent company's currency at historical exchange rates B) Completing international transactions in currency other than the currency of the home company C) Translating subsidiary account balances to amounts denominated in the parent company's currency D) None of the above
D
Which method of translating foreign currency financial statements must be used according to FASB ASC 830, Foreign Currency Matters? A) Temporal method for all subsidiaries B) Current rate method for all subsidiaries C) U.S. parent companies may choose between the temporal method and the current rate method D) Temporal method for subsidiaries that are closely controlled by the parent and current rate method for subsidiaries which are not
D
Which of the following items in the balance sheet is subject to accounting exposure? A) Only assets B) Only liabilities and owners' equity C) All accounts translated at historical exchange rates D) All accounts translated at current exchange rates
D
Which of the following methods for translating foreign currency financial statements attempts to produce consolidated financial statements as if a foreign subsidiary had actually used the parent company's currency for all its transactions? A) Current/Non-current method B) Monetary/Non-monetary method C) Current rate method D) Temporal method
D