Interpersonal Communication Midterm
e. unknown
The ________ area of the Johari Window consists of your untapped resources, your untried talents, and your reactions to experiences you've never had. Select one: a. hidden b. known c. blind d. open e. unknown
a. haptics.
The sense of touch is: Select one: a. haptics. b. kinesics. c. artifacts. d. paralanaguage. e. proxemics.
a. stereotype.
Charles says, "I would never join a fraternity. All fraternities do is party." Charles' statement is an example of a/n: Select one: a. stereotype. b. prototype. c. script. d. personal construct. e. attribution.
b. hypothetical thought.
"One day, I won't have to worry about being single. One day, I'll be married." These statements illustrate how symbols allow for: Select one: a. symbolic evaluation. b. hypothetical thought. c. symbolic organization. d. loaded language. e. arbitrary thought.
c. respecting what others say about what they feel and think.
A cornerstone of effective interpersonal communication skills is: Select one: a. clearly telling others when their feelings are unacceptable or inappropriate. b. making certain to abide by the rules of all speech communities. c. respecting what others say about what they feel and think. d. ensuring that we give responsibility to the speaker for how we feel. e. assuming an understanding of how others feel and think.
d. standpoint
A point of view shaped by political awareness of the social location of a group is known as a: Select one: a. cognitive ability b. implicit personality c. role d. standpoint e. script
e. rational judgment.
According to the process of human perception, the selection process includes all of the following EXCEPT: Select one: a. attention to change. b. culture. c. self-indication. d. qualities of the phenomena. e. rational judgment.
a. scripts.
After performing a comprehensive job search, job seekers put together a resume, write a cover letter, and then go on job interviews. This situation best exemplifies: Select one: a. scripts. b. attributions. c. prototypes. d. stereotypes. e. personal constructs.
a. Focus on inferences rather than facts.
All of the following are guidelines for improving perception and communication EXCEPT: Select one: a. Focus on inferences rather than facts. b. Check perceptions with others. c. Recognize that all perceptions are partial and subjective. d. Guard against self-serving bias. e. Avoid mind-reading.
d. Avoid self-disclosure.
All of the following are guidelines for improving self-concept EXCEPT: Select one: a. Seek contexts that support personal change. b. Gain and use knowledge to support personal growth. c. Set goals that are realistic and fair. d. Avoid self-disclosure. e. Make a firm commitment to personal growth.
c. fatigue
An example of physiological noise is: Select one: a. poor sound b. puppies c. fatigue d. cigarettes e. being preoccupied with a problem
e. being preoccupied with a problem
An example of psychological noise is: Select one: a. cigarette smoke in a crowded room b. poor health c. fatigue d. poor sound e. being preoccupied with a problem
c. responsiveness
Assuming an attentive posture, holding eye contact, and nodding to show you understand what another person is saying are nonverbal behaviors that convey which dimension of relational-level meanings? Select one: a. status b. control c. responsiveness d. power e. liking
b. mind reading.
Assuming that we understand what another person thinks, feels or perceives is known as: Select one: a. standpoint theory. b. mind reading. c. fundamental attribution error. d. cognitive complexity. e. implicit error.
b. implicit personality theory
Corey thinks that people who are outgoing are also friendly, confident, and fun. Corey's assumption that outgoing people are also friendly, confident, and fun is an example of ________ at work. Select one: a. mind reading b. implicit personality theory c. a self-serving bias d. a standpoint e. a stereotype
a. stable and specific attribution
Darryl thinks, "Marie was happy today because she's a cheerful person." Darryl's thought is a/n: Select one: a. stable and specific attribution b. unstable and specific attribution c. unstable and global attribution d. stable and global attribution e. global and specific attribution
a. radically dehumanizes members of a particular group.
Hate speech is language that: Select one: a. radically dehumanizes members of a particular group. b. strongly slants perceptions and meanings. c. defines someone in terms of the characteristics of a group. d. is laden with values rather than being objective. e. highlights people's flaws and downplays their good qualities.
b. chronemics
Having to wait to see a physician or attorney, even if you have an appointment, conveys the message that the physician's time is more valuable than yours. This is an example of the importance of ________ in nonverbal communication. Select one: a. silence b. chronemics c. paralanguage d. proxemics e. artifacts
b. artifacts
In Bruno's car, he has many bumper stickers and several souvenirs from all the road trips that he has made in that car. What are Bruno's personal items examples of? Select one: a. kinesics b. artifacts c. paralanaguage d. proxemics e. haptics
a. thoughtfulness
In many Eastern cultures, silence indicates: Select one: a. thoughtfulness. b. contempt. c. disrespect. d. disapproval. e. fastidious.
c. I-You communication
In which level of communication do people acknowledge one another as people but don't fully engage each other as unique individuals? Select one: a. I-Thou communication b. I-Me communication c. I-You communication d. I-Us communication e. I-It communication
a. identity scripts
Psychologists define ________ as rules for living and identity. Select one: a. identity scripts b. reflected appraisals c. social comparison d. none of these e. attachment styles
e. self-serving bias.
Janet says, "I didn't get a job offer because the interviewer was biased and it was a nasty day; it had nothing to do with my qualifications." This is an example of: Select one: a. implicit personality theory. b. scripting. c. internal attributions. d. construct differentiation. e. self-serving bias.
d. I-It
Jenema is walking in a mall and a homeless person approaches her and asks for money. Jenema keeps walking without speaking to or looking at the person. The relationship between Jenema and the homeless person is: Select one: a. I-Me b. I-Us c. I-You d. I-It e. I-Thou
a. interpersonal communication is irreversible.
Monica and Chandler have an argument over whose turn it is to do clean their house. In the heat of the argument, Chandler calls Monica a "slob". Then, Monica calls Chandler a "self-centered moron". Later, after they have made up, Chandler tries to apologize to Monica. However, Monica is still hurt and complains that no matter what Chandler says now he must have meant what he said. According to the communication principles, Chandler doesn't realize that: Select one: a. interpersonal communication is irreversible. b. interpersonal communication is inescapable. c. None of these d. interpersonal communication is unrepeatable. e. interpersonal communication is complicated.
a. regulate interaction.
Morgan is a teacher and wants to make sure that her students respect one another. She has a rule that if a student wants to talk, then the student must raise his/her hand before speaking. This rule helps to: Select one: a. regulate interaction. b. demonstrate warmth. c. establish relational-level meanings. d. establish content-level meanings. e. define her cultural standpoint.
c. hand gestures.
Paralanguage is communicated through all of these EXCEPT: Select one: a. rate. b. pauses. c. hand gestures. d. pitch. e. tone.
e. chronemics
Raul came to the United States from Mexico three months ago and he is still having trouble understanding Americans' tendency to rush all the time. He is also surprised when his teachers are irritated if he joins class a while after class has started. Raul's confusion about American pace of life is based on which aspect of nonverbal behavior? Select one: a. silence b. artifacts c. proxemics d. kinesics e. chronemics
c. regulative
Some couples have a rule that prohibits the adults from arguing in front of their children. This requirement is a/n ________ rule. Select one: a. intuitive b. constructive c. regulative d. constitutive e. comparative
b. Blind area
Stanton is giving a speech for the first time. He thinks he is doing well, but his audience can tell that he is very insecure and nervous. This example can be categorized into which part of the Johari window. Select one: a. unknown area b. Blind area c. Open area d. Deceptive area e. Hidden area
c. arbitrary, ambiguous, and abstract.
Symbols are: Select one: a. analytical, arbitrary, and ambiguous. b. abstract, attributive, and analytical. c. arbitrary, ambiguous, and abstract. d. attributive, analytical, and arbitrary. e. ambiguous, abstract, and attributive.
e. arbitrary.
The French word "rue" and the American word "road" mean the same thing in their respective cultures. These different symbols used for the same thing remind us that language is: Select one: a. objective. b. abstract. c. inherent. d. ambiguous. e. arbitrary.
c. Speaking is a way to show you care about issues.
Which of the following is NOT a regulative rule of interpersonal communication? Select one: a. Don't speak with your mouth full. b. Only speak when called upon. c. Speaking is a way to show you care about issues. d. When the other person pauses, it's your turn to speak. e. You should not speak when others are speaking.
b. accepting the self as in process and able to change.
A key foundation for improving your self-concept is: Select one: a. setting goals that are difficult to attain. b. accepting the self as in process and able to change. c. keeping ideas about change vague and abstract. d. recognizing that the self is easy to transform. e. knowing that you're the best you can be.
d. Encourage your imagination.
According to the book, all of the following are guidelines for interpersonal communication competence EXCEPT: Select one: a. Develop a range of skills. b. Adapt communication appropriately. c. Commit to ethical communication. d. Encourage your imagination. e. Engage in dual perspective.
b. known
All of the following are panes of the Johari Window EXCEPT: Select one: a. blind b. known c. open d. unknown e. hidden
c. others may increase closeness with us
All of the following are risks to self-disclosing communication EXCEPT: Select one: a. others may think less of us b. none of these c. others may increase closeness with us d. others may reject us e. others may violate our confidences
c. self-fulfilling prophecy.
Jenna believes that she doesn't have an aptitude for statistics, so doesn't put much effort into her statistics class. She performs poorly in the class, supporting her initial belief. This is an example of a/n: Select one: a. reflected appraisal. b. direct definition. c. self-fulfilling prophecy. d. identity script. e. social comparison.
b. belonging
Love would be placed in which level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? Select one: a. self-esteem b. belonging c. safety d. self-actualization e. physical
c. monitoring
Manjeet notices that she is the only person who has not spoken in a group conversation. She reminds herself to be involved and to show she's interested in the group's talk, so she speaks up. Manjeet's noticing and changing her communication to be more effective in the situation is an example of: a. irreversibility. b. content-level meaning. c. monitoring. d. person-centeredness. e. systemic thinking.
c. is a socially constructed category.
Many scholars argue that race: Select one: a. is a valid means of defining individual and group identities. b. is easy to measure. c. is a socially constructed category. d. can be determined scientifically through DNA testing. e. has little effect on identity today.
e. semantic
Mariko used so much jargon in her presentation that most people in the audience couldn't understand her. This is an example of what kind of noise? Select one: a. physiological b. psychological c. preoccupied d. physical e. semantic
c. emoticons
When communicating online, it is a good idea to use ________ to communicate nonverbal information. Select one: a. monitoring b. illustrators c. emoticons d. distortion e. conveyors
d. linear
Which model of communication views communication as flowing only in one direction, from sender to receiver? Select one: a. interactive b. metacommunicative c. transactional d. linear e. relational
a. Abraham Maslow
Which psychologist first described the hierarchy of five human needs? Select one: a. Abraham Maslow b. Julia Wood c. Claude Shannon d. Warren Weaver e. Wilbur Schramm
a. self-esteem
Linnea's parents praise her for earning high marks in her first year in college. Linnea's parents are addressing her ________ needs. Select one: a. self-esteem b. safety c. self-actualization d. belonging e. physical
a. definition, evaluation, organization, hypothetical thought, self-reflection
The five symbolic abilities described in your textbook are. Select one: a. definition, evaluation, organization, hypothetical thought, self-reflection b. I, Me, We, She, and He c. definition, punctuation, interpretation, subjectivity, and self-concept d. circular, rectangular, oval, triangular, and octagonal e. clarification, understanding, restructuring, continuity, and closure
e. language determines what we can perceive and think.
The theory of linguistic determinism states that: Select one: a. the rules of language are clearly defined across situations. b. we are predestined to speak a certain language. c. linguists are the only ones who can develop language. d. language determines who we associate with. e. language determines what we can perceive and think.
e. Try to interpret a person's nonverbal communication independent of culture or setting.
All of these statements provide good advice for improving nonverbal communication EXCEPT: Select one: a. Keep in mind that generalizations about nonverbal behavior may not apply to individuals. b. All of these statements provide good advice for improving nonverbal communication. c. Monitor your own nonverbal communication. d. Interpret other people's nonverbal communication tentatively. e. Try to interpret a person's nonverbal communication independent of culture or setting.
c. metacommunication
Communication about communication is: Select one: a. linear communication b. channel c. metacommunication d. impersonal e. noise
d. both independent and self-assertive.
Girls and women are expected to be caring, whereas boys and men are expected to be: Select one: a. independent. b. cooperative. c. self-assertive. d. both independent and self-assertive. e. supportive.
b. silence
In some military academies, such as West Point, using ________ is a recognized method of stripping a cadet of personhood if he or she is perceived as having broken the academy code. Select one: a. proxemics b. silence c. chronemics d. paralanguage e. artifacts
e. cognitively complex
Individuals who are more ________are better able to integrate new information about others and situations. Select one: a. standpoint sympathetic b. empathic c. fundamentally attributive d. adept at mindreading e. cognitively complex
b. fearful
Individuals with ________ attachment styles tend to feel less hope, disclose less, and experience less satisfaction with relationships than people with other attachment styles. Select one: a. secure b. fearful c. unknown d. dismissive e. anxious/ambivalent
c. social comparison.
Irene observes that on the most-recent test in her engineering class, only two students out of 60 earned higher scores than she did. She concludes that she is smarter than most of the others in class, at least in the subject of engineering. This is an example of a/n: Select one: a. self-fulfilling prophecy. b. identity script. c. social comparison. d. reflected appraisal. e. direct definition.
d. 65-93%
It is estimated that nonverbal communication accounts for what percentage of the total meaning in interpersonal communication? Select one: a. 13-27% b. 52-65% c. 27-52% d. 65-93% e. 93-100%
b. not a panacea
Jen and Mark are happily married. Recently, Mark had an affair. He tried to tell Jen about his infidelity. She is completely hurt by his actions. It doesn't matter what Mark says to her, she is very upset and cannot get over his betrayal. This is indicative of how interpersonal communication is: Select one: a. unintentional b. not a panacea c. unrepeatable d. transactional e. irreversible
d. reflected appraisal.
Members of his project group at work consistently comment on Ervin's excellent performance as team leader. Ervin begins to view himself as an effective leader and considers moving into a higher level management position. The process through which Ervin developed this sense of self at work is called: Select one: a. direct definition. b. identity script. c. social comparison. d. reflected appraisal. e. self-fulfilling prophecy.
a. psychological
Miguel tries to concentrate during a class lecture, but he can't get his mind off a personal problem. His preoccupation with his personal problem is an example of ________ noise. Select one: a. psychological b. semantic c. syntactic d. behavioral e. physical
e. self-sabotage.
Telling ourselves that we're no good, we can't do something, or there's no point in trying to change is a hurtful form of self-talk called: Select one: a. reflected appraisal. b. social comparison. c. identity scripting. d. self-disclosure. e. self-sabotage.
c. transactional
The ________ model of interpersonal communication is most accurate because it emphasizes the multiple roles that people take during the communication process. a. dual perspective b. interactive c. transactional d. linear e. metacommunicative
d. self-esteem needs are influenced by individuals' interpersonal communication skills.
The author of your text argues that: Select one: a. safety needs cannot be met through communication. b. only physical needs are be met by communicating with others. c. belonging needs are not essential to everyone, as some individuals don't need others to enjoy life. d. self-esteem needs are influenced by individuals' interpersonal communication skills. e. self-actualization needs must be satisfied before we can address other needs through communication.
d. both are perceived as equally believable.
Verbal communication and nonverbal communication are similar in all of the following respects EXCEPT: Select one: a. both are rule-guided. b. both are shaped by culture. c. both are symbolic. d. both are perceived as equally believable. e. both may be unintentional or intentional.
d. the most powerful tie that links people.
According to research discussed in Chapter 1, for intimates, talking about a vision of a shared future is Select one: a. common in romantic relationships but not friendships. b. harmful for most interpersonal relationships. c. inappropriate for professional settings. d. the most powerful tie that links people. e. uncommon in romantic relationships.