Interpersonal Topic 4

Perception checking is a tool to help us to accurately understand others rather than assuming that our first interpretation is correct.

True

Perception influences our communication choices:

True

The process of perception is ongoing and requires that selection, organization, and interpretation occur in a specific sequence

False

____ is the process by which we decide what other people are like and by which we give meaning to their actions.

Interpersonal perception

Which step of perception is involved when you wonder if the person who smiles at you across the room is interested in romance or just being polite?

Interpretation

____ is the process of decoding and evaluating sensory data and perceptions.

Interpretation

Jill and Jack argued about where to spend the holidays. Jack argued because Jill was unwilling to make concessions whereas Jill argued because Jack wasn't respecting her feelings. This is an example of punctuation.

True

Exaggerated and rigid beliefs associated with a categorizing system are known as:

Stereotyping

Gender roles arise more from environmental influences than from physiological factors.

True

Motives help determine how we perceive people.

True

Influences on perception include physiological and psychological factors.

True

Interpretation plays a role in virtually every interpersonal act.

True

One's perceptions of a given event are influenced by one's experiences, values, identity, needs and wants

True

People commonly imagine that others possess the same attitudes and motives they do.

True

Physiological influences on perception include age health.

True

Physiological influences on perception include fatigue and hunger.

True

Problems arise with first impressions when the labels we attach are inaccurate and we hang onto them

True

Selective perception can result in communication inaccuracies.

True

Tendencies that distort perceptions include being influenced by the obvious.

True

Tendencies that distort perceptions include clinging to first impressions and assuming others are like us.

True

Tendencies that distort perceptions include favoring negative impressions and blaming innocent victims.

True

The type for organizing constructs we use strongly affects how we relate with others.

True

The way a communication sequence is punctuated affects its perceived meaning.

True

There is nothing wrong with generalizations as long as they are accurate; in fact, it would be impossible to get through life without them.

True

When others suffer, we often blame the problem on their personal qualities; when we are the victims, we find explanations outside of ourselves.

True

When people are aware of both the positive and negative characteristics of another, they tend to be more influenced by the undesirable traits.

True

Your emotions can affect how you perceive an event.

True

When a person who is normally good-natured yells at us, we pay attention because of the quality of:

contrast

The ___ stage on interpersonal perception involves selecting stimuli on which to focus-- information such as gestures, tone of voice, facial expressions, and so forth.

first

___theory refers to the process we use to develop credible explanations for our own behavior and the behavior of others.

? Implicit personality

Which of the following is not an example of a perceptual rule?

Cause and effect rule

We take wonderful people for granted because of which factor of attention?

Contrast or change

As a result of empathy, the gap between you and the other person is likely to grow

False

Influences on perception include selection and organization.

False

Judgments are the least common responses to statements others make:

False

Our emotional state has little relevance to how we view people and events.

False

Perceptual schemata are affective frameworks that allow us to organize raw data.

False

Perceptual schemata are tendencies to misinterpret data.

False

Selection is an objective process.

False

The ____stage of interpersonal perception involves the retrieval and use of the information.

Fourth

___ refers to a way of organizing a vast array of information about people's personalities.

Implicit Personality Theory

A hungry person sees restaurants everywhere because of which factor of attention?

Motives

A mother finds signs of drug use such as burnt spoons in the dishwasher and trace marks on her teenage son's arms, yet she chooses to ignore the possibility that her son is addicted to heroine. This is an example of;

Perceptual accentuation

Communication theorists use the term ___ to refer to sorting parameters we use to group people and data.

Perceptual rules

Communication theorists use the term ___ to refer to the effect of attending to the first pieces of information that we observe.

Primacy effect

In the Beltway Sniper case, early eyewitness reports focused on a man in a white van. This is an example of the __.

Proximal effect

Communication therorists use the term _ to describe how we classify interactions in terms of cause and effect.

Punctuation

One form of organization used to identify causes and effects in interactions is called:

Punctuation

Communication theorists use the term___ to refer to modifying or confirming an initial impression by placing heavier weight on the most recent observations about an individual.

Recency effect

Giving greater emphasis to the latest or most current information about a person even when it is inconsistent with the persons long-standing behavior pattern is known as the:

Recency-effect

We notice a dripping faucet because of which factor of attention?

Repetition

The ___ stage of interpersonal perception involves the organization of information.

Second

Which step of perception is based on the fact that we notice some messages and ignore others?

Selection

We attach meaning to our experiences using which of the following?

Selection, organization, and society

___ refers to the process by which we filter sensory stimuli.

Selective perception

A student assumes his professor thinks that he is a poor student, so he doesn't bother to study for the class exams. The student fails the course. This an example:

Self-fulfilling prophecy

The tendency to judge ourselves more charitably than we do others is called:

Self-serving bias

Which of the following is not a factor in selective perception?

Setting

Empathy is the ability to recreate another person's perspective, to experience the world from her or his point.

True

Attribution is the term used to describe the process of attaching meaning to behavior.

True

In Western Cultures, such as the United States, silence is often viewed as:

an embarrassment

___ theory refers to the process we use to develop credible explanations for own behavior and the behavior of others

attribution

We notice extremely short or tall people because of which factor of attention?

intensity

Sample error refers to an error in:

measurement

The _ stage of interpersonal perception involves the interpretation of information .

third

Influences on perception include cultural and social factors.

true

Our expectations influence our perceptions:

true

Overgeneralization is the foundation of stereotyping:

true