intl mktg chapter 11

India offers cheap qualified labor and a massive market.

A survey of U.S. manufacturers shows that 95 percent of respondents with Indian operations plan on expanding, and none say they are leaving, in spite of widespread corruption in the country. What is primarily behind this new trend?

South Korea.

ASEAN+3 is a forum for ASEAN ministers plus ministers from China, Japan, and

Products developed for more affluent consumers are not appropriate for BOPMs.

According to C. K. Prahalad, what misconception leads international markets to ignore the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets?

People's Republic of China

Aside from the United States, ________ is the most important single national market.

bottom-of-the-pyramid

C. K. Prahalad and associates introduced the concept of a global market, not necessarily defined by national borders but rather by the pockets of poverty across countries and consisting of 4 billion people across the globe with annual incomes of less than $1,200. They refer to these regions, concentrated in the LDCs and LLDCs, as ________ markets.

$1,200

C. K. Prahalad and his associates introduced a new concept into the discussion of developing countries and markets—bottom-of-the-pyramid markets (BOPMs)—consisting of the 4 billion people across the globe with annual incomes of less than

Consumers in the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets lack both money and technology.

C. K. Prahalad has cited two primary misconceptions behind the international marketers ignoring the bottom-of-the-pyramid markets. One of the reasons is that the products and services developed for more affluent consumers are not appropriate for these markets. Which of the following is the other misconception?

ability to deregulate industry.

China's astonishing growth rate has begun to slow recently; however, most analysts see fast growth continuing for China. All of this growth is primarily dependent, in part, on China's

ASEAN+3.

During the Asian financial crisis, the leading financial powers seemingly either declined to take part in the rescue operations, as the United States did in Thailand, or proposed unattainable solutions. The result was the creation of

Bangladesh

Grameen Bank is a private commercial enterprise in ________ that developed a program to supply phones to 300 villages.

financial services industries.

Half of Shanghai's GDP is derived from

Blue Express.

IBM entered into a venture with the Chinese Railways Ministry that allowed IBM to set up a national network of IBM service centers in railway stations so that IBM could ship computer parts via the railroad around the country within 24 hours. This venture was dubbed the

one-party sickness.

In the 1970s, Frank Gibney called Japan "The Fragile Superpower," which was confirmed with the economic crisis of the 1990s. In his new appraisal, Gibney writes that Japan has become the victim of

Japan.

Liaoning province of Northeast China has the closest economic ties with

Pearl River Delta

Negotiators from the ________ region in China have been the closest to foreign influences, and are excellent traders and particularly interested in making short-term gains.

the hidebound Japanese bureaucracy

Political explanations of Japan's crisis during the 1990s identified two causes. One of them was the country's long entrenched Liberal Democratic political party. What is the other one?

shrewdness

Shanghai negotiators are famous for their

negotiates bilateral agreements and makes major economic decisions on its own.

Since its turnover to the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong

The Greater Pearl River area

The ________ region in China includes three cities of over 5 million inhabitants (Hong Kong, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen); five cities with more than 1 million inhabitants (Zhuhai, Huizhou, Foshan, Zhongshan, and Dongguan); and a number of cities that each contain approximately half a million inhabitants, such as Macau.

Beijing-Tianjin

The ________ region in China is the political and R&D center of China. The 75-mile corridor in this region hosts some 5,000 Chinese high-tech companies, and more than 1,000 international IT companies.

Taiwan

The __________ region of China is considered, by other Chinese, to be the most conservative both in terms of behavior and language.

defend their currencies against future attack.

The first meeting of the members of the ASEAN+3 was devoted to devising a system whereby the member countries could

its juxtaposition with China's most important industrial neighbors.

The most important advantage of Northeast China that mainly contributed toward its being the industrial and technological center of the country in the 1970s and 1980s is

Four Dragons.

The most rapidly growing economies in the Asia Pacific region during the 1980s and 1990s, Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan, are sometimes referred to as the

Mandarin

The national language of China is standard ________, but more than 56 dialects and other languages are spoken across the country.

relatively honest and forthright.

The negotiators in the Pearl River Delta are reputed to be

ASEAN.

The primary multinational trade group in Asia is

Liaoning

The three contiguous provinces in Northeast China—________, Jilin, and Heilongjiang— have long represented a cohesive unit in terms of culture and the political economy.

improve human rights and reform the legal system.

The two most important steps China must take to ensure smooth economic growth are to

admission to the World Trade Organization

Two major events that occurred in 2000 had a profound effect on China's economy. One of these is the United States granting normal trade relations (NTR) to China on a permanent basis (PNTR). What is the other one?

transportation, trade, and communications

What accurately represents the "three direct links" leading to the establishment of One China?

encouraging networked entrepreneurial activities

What appears to be the best way to stimulate economic development and growth from within developing countries?

Shenzhen

What city has an advantage of bordering Hong Kong, using it as a trade platform to expand the global market?

South Korea

What country is at present the center of trade links with north China and the Asian republics of the former Soviet Union?

increase in direct trade

What has contributed to the decrease in the historical tension among countries in East Asia?

the ASEAN governments' commitment to deregulation, liberalization, and privatization of their economies

What helps account for the vigorous economic growth of the ASEAN countries and their transformation from cheap-labor havens to industrialized nations?

xenophobia

What is a cultural hurdle in the path of China becoming a vast market in the long run?

They were among the first countries in Asia to move from a status of developing countries to newly industrialized countries.

What is common among the Asian countries Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan?

lack of common language

What is most likely to cause the biggest problems for television and radio advertisers in China?

inept political apparatus

What is one of the reasons behind the economic stagnation in Japan in the 1990s?

economic volatility

What is the biggest threat to the fast growth China is experiencing?

The distribution network is poor or absent.

What is the primary reason behind the inaccessibility of most of the 1.3 billion potential consumers in China?

Greater China

What is the term used to refer to both the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) or Taiwan?

It promotes economic cooperation.

What is true of APEC?

The Japanese healthcare system produces the longest lifespans in the world.

What is true of the standard of living of the eight most populous countries of the Asia/Pacific region?

the Cultural Causation theory

What theory explains Japan's recovery from WWII as a result of the nation adopting a consensus goal for national recovery?

lack of creativity

What trait is most closely associated with negotiators from the Beijing area?

complex language

What was Japan's greatest hindrance to the development of software innovations appropriate for world markets?

Japan

Which Asian country was the first to move from a status of developing country to a newly industrialized country?

South Korea

Which nation is one of the Four Asian Tigers?

Jilin

Which province of China shares the closest economic ties with South Korea?

Beijing-Tianjin

Which region is considered the information technology (IT) corridor in north China?

China

_______ is now Japan's most important trading partner.

Dalian

________ at the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula in China is the focus of bi-national relationships and has one of the world's largest and most modern port facilities.

The Pearl River Delta

________ contains Hong Kong, Macau, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen and is considered the world's manufacturing base for the IT industry.

Suzhou

________ has replaced Nanjing as Jiangsu province's number one economy and foreign trade center.

APEC

________ is a unique forum that has evolved into the primary regional vehicle for promoting trade liberalization and economic cooperation, and includes all the major economies around the Pacific Rim, from Russia to Chile to Australia.

Zhongguancun

________ is known as China's Silicon Valley.

Shenzhen

________, a boomtown bordering Hong Kong and a fishing village just 20 years ago, has replaced the provincial capital Guangzhou to lead the local economy.