Into to the Visual Arts Midterm

This artist would sometimes go for days without food or sleep in an attempt to explore the deep-rooted sources of creativity and truth.

André Masson

Which ruler of Renaissance Florence commissioned artist Giambologna to create a sculpture that symbolized the city's strength?

Francesco de' Medici

Gestalt unity is a term that is derived from which language?

German

This famous object is the largest carving in the world created from a single stone.

Great Sphinx of Giza

Which of the following statements is untrue?

Katushika Hokusai carved and printed all of his artworks himself

The Maya lintel showing Shield Jaguar and Lady Xoc is a limestone relief sculpture that was probably created with stone hammers and wooden drills because:

Maya sculptors had no metal tools

These huge 1,300-year-old South American drawings, which include an enormous image of a spider, were discovered in modern times by an overflying commercial aircraft.

Nazca Lines

This artist used contrasting positive and negative shapes to create his "Obey" campaign, an expression of guerrilla marketing and street theater.

Shepard Fairey

In The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul, by the workshop of the fifteenth-century artist known as the Master of Osservanza, there are five figures. These five figures are:

St. Anthony (three times), a centaur, and St. Paul

The artists Brancusi and Rodin both made sculptures in which the principle of mass played a role. Their artworks had the same title. What was the title?

The Kiss

What is the oldest art museum in America?

The Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts

This object by French artist Marcel Duchamp is considered the first work of kinetic sculpture.

a bicycle wheel mounted on a stool

Bernini's sculpture Apollo and Daphne implies motion. What kind of motion is being depicted?

a chase scene

When researching an artwork, you might use primary and secondary sources of information. An example of a secondary source might be:

a scholarly journal article

The focal point of Robert Rauschenberg's sculpture Monogram is:

a stuffed goat

Which of the following statements is true of "Chaos Machine" by Clive King?

abstraction allowed the artist to respond to a tragic accident from his childhood

When a sculpture is created by building up the form with a material, the process is called ________.

additive

process that involves assembling or constructing sculptures using wood

additive process

The massive earthwork the Great Serpent Mound is made of mounds of earth that resemble a snake eating ________.

an egg

The bronze sculpture Riace Warrior A was created as ________ representation of the human body.

an idealized

Moving images created with a phenakistoscope were early forms of:

animation

The practice of gathering objects and fabricating them into a work of art is called:

assemblage

There are two kinds of relief sculpture: a pronounced surface treatment called high relief, and a shallow surface low relief called ________.

bas-relief

When it tells about an artist's life, feminist analysis is a subset of ________ analysis.

biographical

Polish artist Magdalena Abakanowicz spent much of her life in her home country under Communist rule by the Soviet Union. The regime emphasized the collective over the individual. Which type of analysis does this statement relate to?

biographical context

Which of the following is a method of carving?

chipping, sawing, whittling, drilling

An interior designer can balance curved and straight lines to __________ each other.

complement

The African American artist Carrie Mae Weems adds drama to her photographic work using this principle of design that employs opposites:

contrast

Line can be used as a tool to:

demarcate boundaries imply direction give a sense of surface indicate movement

A representational work of art ________.

depicts objects or people so that we can recognize them

A good example of variety in a work would be:

different shapes and colors

In the work The Connectors, the artist James Allen uses this kind of line to draw the viewer's attention to the great height that faced the builders of the Empire State Building.

directional

To keep track of their progress when carving a block, stone sculptors may ________.

draw an outline of the form on the block on all sides

Psychological analysis of The Scream by the artist Edvard Munch tells us that the painter was:

expressing anxiety

The earliest art object known was created from wood.

false

The medium of wood can be used to create subtractive sculpture but not additive sculpture.

false

This kind of shape is mathematically regular and precise.

geometric

material that is very hard and abrasive. Sculpting it requires special tools

granite

used for smoothing, scraping, and removing large portions of the stone

hammers and chisels

What did Yusaku Maezawa say was the reason he purchased Basquiat's work in 2017?

he felt a responsibility to preserve the work

Pablo Picasso studied and copied Las Meninas because:

he wanted to develop his own individual style

A relief sculpture is one that is designed to be seen from one side. The two kinds of relief sculpture are: ________, which is deeply cut, and ________, which has little depth.

high relief; bas-relief

Michelangelo used this Italian term, which refers to nudity, to describe the figures he intended to use for the tomb of Pope Julius II:

ignudi

Dashes and grids in The Devil Made Me Do It, by Sauerkids, are a good example of this kind of line.

implied

Antony Gormley's Asian Field is a vast ________ artwork made up of small clay figures.

installation

Allan Houser's work Reverie is representational because:

it includes two shapes that we recognize as faces

Over the years, public opinion of the Watts Towers has varied, but people have never thought that:

it is a perfect example of the Neoclassical style

Art is sometimes censored by the authorities because:

it offends people's religious beliefs, its sexual content seems pornographic, it carries a political message that worries the authorities, its moral values seem improper

What is NOT true about James McNeil Whistler's Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket?

it was highly praised by the critic John Ruskin

Sculpture that moves is called ________ sculpture.

kinetic

Which of these is NOT a geometric form?

leaf

Marc Quinn's Self, a self-portrait made from frozen blood, is created in ________ scale.

life-sized

The small clay or plaster models made by sculptors in preparation for larger sculptures are called ________.

maquettes

scale models created from clay and other materials and used as visual references to calculate where the stone needs to be removed

maquettes

relatively hard stone that can be polished to a high gloss to show its luminescent qualities

marble

This element of art is used to describe the solidity of a form, such as that of large boulders or the sculpture House by Rachel Whiteread.

mass

Some people argued that Robert Mapplethorpe should not have been awarded public funding, because:

of his identity as a gay man and the sexual nature of his photographs

The human figure communicates the rich experience of humanity, and artists emulate this experience using this kind of form:

organic

Frank Gehry's design for the Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, uses contrasts of:

organic and geometric form

An artist creates compositional unity by:

organizing all of the visual aspects of the work

This type of art involves viewing actual motion and the artist's body in the work.

performance art

Examples of graphic art include:

posters, advertising, signage, social media

Which of these is a form?

pyramid

When Tibetan Buddhist monks create a sand mandala, they are creating a composition that has this kind of balance:

radial

used to smooth sculptures

rasps and files

Hammers and chisels are tools used for ________.

removing portions of stone

earplugs, goggles, leather gloves, dust masks, and steel-toed boots

safety equipment

Barbara Hepworth used line to plan and visualize her three-dimensional artwork. What kind of three-dimensional artwork did she produce?

sculpture

Western artists since the Renaissance have usually considered ______ to be the highest forms of art.

sculpture and painting

Iconographic analysis interprets objects and figures in an artwork as:

signs or symbols

material that is softer and much easier to carve

soapstone

The most commonly used stone for sculptures is:

soapstone, granite, limestone, marble

Naum Gabo's Constructed Head No. 2 investigates the sense of ________ and form implied by flat planes, in contrast to the solid mass of conventional sculpture.

space

Vertical lines tend to communicate:

strength

Artists face a communication challenge: to find a ________ within the chaos of nature and to select and organize materials into a harmonious composition.

structure

process that involves the removal of material, either stone or wood

subtractive process

Artists use this kind of texture if they want to contradict a viewer's normal expectations of a textured surface.

subversive

This attribute of time is a measurement of the speed at which time elapses.

tempo

A slick cold surface of a finely finished metal object, the rough-hewn splintery character of a broken branch, and the pebbly surface of a rocky beach are all examples of this element of art:

texture

The Constructivist movement in art is associated with which historical European country?

the Soviet Union

Noma Bar's illustration Gun Crime uses positive and negative shape to communicate:

the act of gun crime and its terrible result

Polish artist Magdalena Abakanowicz spent much of her life in her home country under Communist rule by the Soviet Union. The regime emphasized the collective over the individual. This experience is reflected in her artworks in the following way:

the appearance of multiple, repeated figures

A work can still display unity, even if none of the visual elements has anything in common, if:

the elements have conceptual unity

The symmetrical design of the building that we know as the Taj Mahal does NOT carry associations of:

the identical twins for which it was built

What is referenced in El Anatsui's Old Man's Cloth?

the impact of consumerism, the colonial history of Africa, the enduring power of Ghanaian culture, the fragility of Ghanaian culture

What can we NOT conclude from a formal analysis of David Hockney's Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures)?

the man in the red jacket is the artist's ex-lover

Op art of the 1960s relied on a physiological effect that creates an illusion of motion. This effect is:

the natural oscillations of the eye

Katsushika Hokusai is said to have used a live chicken's footprints in a painting that communicated ________.

the sensations of a fall day by the river

Katsushika Hokusai's print "The Great Wave off Shore at Kanagawa" uses compositional unity in which of these ways?

the wave crests mimic the snow on Mt. Fuji the shape of Mt. Fuji is repeated throughout the work textures are repeated throughout the work the placement of the boats in between the waves creates a pattern

A group of artists might share a style—an identifiable kind of visual expression—because:

they all used similar techniques, they all worked at the same time, they all studied in the same place

Stone sculptures from ancient Egypt and the Classical world were originally often painted.

true

The Hawaiian sculpture of a war god (2.4.9) is a composition that represents how many different gods?

two

The tools of formal analysis help us to:

understand how the artist applied the elements and principles to his or her artwork

In her abstract works Electric Dress and Untitled, Japanese artist Atsuko Tanaka created ________ through the repetition of lines and circular shapes in bold colors.

unity

This element of art is used to describe the usable interior space of an architectural form.

volume

this material may be applied to a sculpture to create a sheen

wax

A formal analysis of Las Meninas by Diego de Silva y Velázquez would concentrate on this aspect of the work:

what was in the foreground and background

Even though it is a freestanding sculpture, Sculpture of the Lady Sennuwy was made to be displayed in what fashion?

with its back to a pillar or wall

Because of its availability and ease of use, ________ is a popular material with which to create sculptures.

wood

The artist Jenny Holzer created an illusion of motion using a spiraling electronic message board to create a piece of art made up of:

words