Intro to business chapters 6,7,8,9 exam

What was the primary flaw in Frederick Taylor's scientific management?

It assumed that all people are primarily motivated by economic means.

What is another name for a free-rein leadership style?

Leading, Guiding, and Motivating Others

What kind of shop arrangement is supported by the right-to-work laws?

Negotiating Union Contracts through Collective Bargaining

What is the first step in making a nonprogrammed decision?

Recognize or identify a problem or opportunity.

What do telecommuting, flextime, and job sharing have in common?

They are all work scheduling options

What is the difference between span of control and span of management?

They are synonyms

What is the name of the process used in which workers can vote out the union?

decertification

List the three types of participative leadership

democratic, consensual, and consultative

Managerial skills fall into four basic categories. What are they?

global management, conceptual, human relations, and technical skills

What kind of power gives a supervisor the authority to make decisions?

legitimate power

List the five primary sources or bases of power

legitimate, reward, coercive, expert, and referent

What type of organizational structure is well suited to small, entrepreneurial firms?

line organization

What term best describes the type of organizational structure commonly found in the military?

mechanistic

What is human resources management?

of hiring, developing, motivating, and evaluating employees to achieve organizational goals

What two types of leadership style use empowerment?

participative and laissez-faire

What is a contingent worker?

people who prefer temporary employment

List the five levels of needs on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs

List the three basic types of work teams.

problem-solving teams, self-managed work teams, and cross-functional teams

Which management level is typically responsible for implementing operational plans?

supervisory managers

What basic type of management is typically performed by middle managers?

tactical planning

Define organizing as a process of management

the process of coordinating and allocating a firm's resources in order to carry out its plans

What is a leadership style?

the relatively consistent way that individuals in leadership positions attempt to influence the behavior of others

What type of organizational structure has no central office, no organization chart, no managerial hierarchy, and no vertical integration?

virtual corporation

. Briefly describe the span of control in an organic organization.

wide

What is the best type of organizational structure?

There is no best organizational structure.

Managers can make an effort to understand an employee's perception of fairness and take steps to reduce concerns about inequity.

Contemporary Views on Motivation

What are the basic types of compensation?

Direct—salary and wages. Indirect—employees benefits and services

Briefly discuss the relationship between division of labor and specialization.

Division of labor is the process of dividing work into separate jobs. Specialization is where work is divided into smaller jobs

Which law is responsible for establishing the minimum wage?

Fair Labor Standards Act

What famous studies occurred during the human relations era of management?

Hawthorne studies

What is the first step in the typical grievance procedure?

The employee orally presents his or her case to the union steward and the first-line supervisor.

What is the first step in the performance appraisal and planning process?

The manager must establish performance standards and expectations.

What is management?

The planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals

What style of manager tells people what to do, is very directive, likes to be in control, and shows little confidence in their employees?

Theory X

What style of manager assumes the average person wants to work, accept responsibilities be self-directed and self-controlled, and solve problems?

Theory Y

What are global management skills?

a manager's ability to operate in diverse cultural environments

What is the management pyramid?

another name for the managerial hierarchy

What are group norms?

commonly accepted standards in the informal organization.

What type of management did the executives at Dell Computer Company have to use when the media revealed that the batteries in the Dell portable computers were likely to catch on fire?

crisis management

What four management trends are identified as having the greatest impact on how companies will be operated in the near future?

education and training, employee ownership, work-life benefits, nurturing knowledge workers

What is another name for employee empowerment?

employee involvement or participative management

What is the name of the motivational theory that assumes the probability of an individual acting in a particular way depends on the strength of that individual's belief that the act will have a particular outcome and on whether the individual values that outcome?

expectancy theory

What are the five basic types of departmentalization?

functional, product, geographic, customer, process

Which motivational theory relies on feedback to identify the gap between the real and the ideal desired performance?

goal-setting theory

What are gain-sharing plans?

incentive programs based on group productivity

List the three basic categories of managerial roles.

informational, decisional, and interpersonal

What is the first step in the employee selection process?

initial screening

What are the two primary sources of job applicants?

internal and external job markets

What is the first step in human resource (HR) planning?

job analysis and design

What two documents do human resource planners use to find the right people for the right job?

job description and job specification

What are managers doing when they horizontally expand a job to increase the number and variety of jobs an employee performs?

job enlargement

What are managers doing when they vertically expand an employee's job?

job enrichment

What is the other names for Herzberg's job satisfiers and job dissatisfiers?

job satisfiers-motivating factors; job dissatisfiers-hygiene factors

What is job rotation?

reassignment of workers to several different jobs

Briefly define accountability

responsibility for outcome

What is the first step in the control process?

setting performance standards (goals)

At its simplest level, an organization engaged in reengineering is doing what?

starting over

List the four basic types of planning

strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency