intro to hcc- tissue integrity

A client has a watery fluid leaking from a site of inflammation. The nurse would document this type of exudate as: a. Serous b. Hemorrhagic c. Suppurative d. Fibrinous

a. Serous

Which statement best conveys an aspect of the process of keratinization? a. keratin cells synthesized in the dermis migrate to the surface over 20 to 30 days b. mitosis that begins with the cells of the stratum granulosum results in a continual supply of the new keratinocytes c. the stratum germinativum continuously produces new keratinocytes to replace losses d. the basal cells of the epiderdermis migrate to the skin surface at a rate that mathces superficial losses of skin cells

c. the stratum germinativum continuously produces new keratinocytes to replace losses

Groups of cells that are closely associated in structure and have common or similar functions are called tissues. What are the types of tissue in the human body? a. Connective and muscle tissue b. Binding and connecting tissue c. Nerve and exothelium tissue d. Exothelium and muscle tissue

a. Connective and muscle tissue

Which type of cell in tissue produces the extracellular matrix that supports and holds the tissues together? a. Connective tissue b. Muscle tissue c. Nerve tissue d. Skeletal tissue

a. Connective tissue

Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels, nerves, sebaceous glands, lymphatic vessels, hair follicles, and sweat glands? a. Dermis b. Epidermis c. Subcutaneous layer d. Connective layer

a. Dermis

Why is the subcutaneous tissue considered part of the skin? Select all that apply. a. Eccrine glands extend to this layer. b. The keratinocytes are formed in the subcutaneous tissue. c. Skin diseases can involve the subcutaneous tissue. d. The Merkel cells are formed in the subcutaneous tissue. e. Deep hair follicles can be found in the subcutaneous tissue.

a. Eccrine glands extend to this layer. c. Skin diseases can involve the subcutaneous tissue. e. Deep hair follicles can be found in the subcutaneous tissue.

A 40-year-old male client has a congenital syndrome that affects the function of the Langerhans cells of his epidermis. The man's care provider would expect which manifestation of his condition? a. Increased susceptibility to infection b. High permeability of his epidermis to environmental materials c. Lighter skin tone than other individuals of the same ethnicity d. Frequent separation between the dermal and epidermal layer of his skin

a. Increased susceptibility to infection

What is true about the dermis? Select all that apply. a. It is responsible for producing the proteins collagen and elastin. b. It is the outermost layer. c. It is responsible for producing keratin. d. It is the thickest skin layer. e. It contains melanocytes, which produce melanin.

a. It is responsible for producing the proteins collagen and elastin. d. It is the thickest skin layer.

Which is the principal hardening ingredient of the hair and nails? a. Keratin b. Melanin c. Merkel cells d. Sebaceous gland

a. Keratin

Among the skin's protective functions is the fact that it serves as an immunologic barrier. What cells are responsible for detecting foreign antigens? a. Langerhans cells b. Merkel cells c. Keratinocytes d. Melanocytes

a. Langerhans cells

Select the cells of the epidermis that are responsible for providing sensory information. a. Merkel cells b. Melanocyte cells c. Langerhans cells d. Keratinocytes

a. Merkel cells

Which functional component of the cell separates intracellular and extracellular environments? a. Plasma membrane b. Mitochondria c. Cytoskeleton d. Lysosomes

a. Plasma membrane

Upon assessment of a patient's wound, the nurse notes the formation of granulation tissue. The tissue easily bleeds when the nurse performs wound care. What is the phase of wound healing characterized by the nurse's assessment? a. Proliferation phase b. Hemostasis c. Inflammatory phase d. Maturation phase

a. Proliferation phase

Which of the following are functions of the skin? Select all that apply. a. Protection b. Temperature regulation c. Sensation d. Vitamin C production e. Immunological

a. Protection b. Temperature regulation c. Sensation e. Immunological

Which are considered functions of the skin? Select all that apply. a. Protection against physical injury b. Protection from an invasion of microbes c. Regulation of acid-base balance d. Regulation of metabolism e. Synthesis of vitamin D

a. Protection against physical injury b. Protection from an invasion of microbes e. Synthesis of vitamin D

A professor is teaching a group of students about the role of mitochondria within the cell. Which statement is true of mitochondria? a. They are the site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. b. The number of mitochondria in a cell is equal to the number of nuclei. c. They are replicated within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER). d. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited patrilineally.

a. They are the site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.

A 63-year-old female is noticing that as she ages, her skin is changing. The nurse should explain which likely causes of this phenomenon? Select all that apply. a. Thinning of the dermal level b. Shrinkage of the keratinocytes c. Decreased sebaceous gland activity d. Decrease in the number of Langerhans cells e. Separation of the basement membrane

a. Thinning of the dermal level b. Shrinkage of the keratinocytes c. Decreased sebaceous gland activity d. Decrease in the number of Langerhans cells

A nursing instructor is teaching students about skin structure. The instructor evaluates student knowledge of the epidermis based on which statement? a. "The epidermis contains the blood vessels and nerve fibers that feed the skin cells." b. "Keratinized epithelial cells formed in the deepest layer of the epidermis migrate to the skin surface to replace cells that are lost during normal skin shedding." c. "The epidermis is a connective tissue layer that separates the dermis from the underlying subcutaneous fat layer." d. "The epidermis is thinnest on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet than elsewhere on the body."

b. "Keratinized epithelial cells formed in the deepest layer of the epidermis migrate to the skin surface to replace cells that are lost during normal skin shedding."

The nursing instructor is discussing the function of sebaceous glands in the body. What would the teacher explain as the purpose of sebum to the students? a. Assists in keeping the skin intact b. Assists in friction protection c. Assists in protection from infection d. Assists in keeping skin dry

b. Assists in friction protection

Which fact accounts for the variation in skin tone that exists among individuals? a. Someone with dark skin has more melanocytes in his or her skin layers. b. Darker-skinned individuals have melanosomes that produce melanin faster. c. Dark skin is associated with spherical melanosomes, which produce and "package" pigment differently. d. Greater numbers of keratinocytes result in darker skin tone.

b. Darker-skinned individuals have melanosomes that produce melanin faster.

A wound care nurse is reviewing skin anatomy with a group of medical nurses. Which area of the skin would the nurse identify as providing a cushion between the skin layers, muscles, and bones? a. Dermis b. Subcutaneous tissue c. Epidermis d. Stratum corneum

b. Subcutaneous tissue

Mitosis that results in the production of new epidermal cells occurs in which layer of the epidermis? a. Stratum lucidum b. Stratum granulosum c. Stratum germinativum d. Stratum spinosum

c. Stratum germinativum

The practitioner examines his client's foot and observes the great toe to be black and dry. The practitioner explains to the client that the dead tissue is caused by: a. gas gangrene. b. liquefaction necrosis. c. dry gangrene. d. caseous necrosis.

c. dry gangrene.

A client has entered an environment where there are numerous infectious microorganisms. The body's first line of defense against these organisms is considered to be what? a. mast cells b. mucous membranes c. skin d. t-cells

c. skin

A nurse in the emergency department admits a male client who has experienced severe frostbite to his hands and toes after becoming lost on a ski hill. The nurse recognizes that which phenomena has contributed to his tissue damage? a. Decreased blood viscosity has resulted in interstitial bleeding. b. Reactive vasodilation has compromised perfusion. c. Autonomic nervous stimulation has resulted in injury. d. Decreased blood flow has induced hypoxia.

d. Decreased blood flow has induced hypoxia.

A nurse educator is explaining how cells migrate through tissue. Which substance can cleave collagen fibers to facilitate cell migration through tissues? a. Cytokines b. Chemokines c. Elastase d. Protease

d. Protease

What are the two major processes involved in the inflammatory phase of wound healing? a. bleeding is stimulated, epithelial cells are deposited b. granulation tissue is formed, collagen is deposited c. collagen is remodeled, avascular scar forms d. blood clotting is initiated, WBCs move into the wound

d. blood clotting is initiated, WBCs move into the wound

The client asks the health care provider to explain phagocytosis. The provider will respond, "Phagocytosis: a. is a cotransport system that helps with the absorption of the medication." b. is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration." c. uses proteins to form an open channel through which the drug can move into the cell." d. is a process where microorganisms are engulfed and subsequently degraded or killed."

d. is a process where microorganisms are engulfed and subsequently degraded or killed."

A client has a history of dislocations of the same joint. The nurse understands that this is most likely due to an insufficient deposit of collagen during the healing process, leading to: a. loss of function. b. allergic reaction. c. lack of mobility. d. reduced tensile strength.

d. reduced tensile strength.

A nurse assessing a patient's wound documents the finding of purulent drainage. What is the composition of this type of drainage? a. clear, watery blood b. large numbers of red blood cells c. mixture of serum and red blood cells d. white blood cells, debris, bacteria

d. white blood cells, debris, bacteria