Introduction of Dog
How many times more sensitive is the dogs sense of smell than our own?
1 million
How many times more sensitive is a Dogs sense of smell than mans?
1 million times more
In most Dogs all growth in length of long bone is complete by _______ months of age
10
About how many breed of dogs are recognized by AKC
150
Upper jaw contains what type and how many teeth?
3 incisors, 1 canine, 4 premolars, 2 molars
Lower jaw contains what type and how many teeth?
3 incisors, 1 canine, 4 premolars, 3 molars
How many dogs are in the U.S.
53 million (1 in 3 homes own a dog)
Pedigree
A record of an animals ancestry
What is the external auditory canal?
A short tube which runs vertically, then turns horizontally toward the eardrum
Cartilage
A smooth surface which helps the joint move easily and helps to absorb any concussion as the dog's weight comes down on the leg
Skeleton
A system of bony levers moved by muscles which are anchored crucial points on the bones
Spine
A tube made up of individual bones called vertebrae linked together by strong ligaments
What does the intervertebral disc do?
Absorbs excessive shock and movement
Bitch
Adult female dog
Dog
Adult male dog
Herding Dogs
Basic shape, selected for obedience Collie
How does de-barking a dog rob them of their voice?
Because their bark is used for self-expression
Large Fighting Dogs
Big, strong dogs with powerful jaws to grab and hold men or other animals Mastiffs, bulldogs
What are sporting dogs?
Bird dogs, dogs with feathers Pointers, setters, retrievers, and spaniels
Bone growth requires fuel and this is provided by _______ ___________
Blood vessels
The spaces between the fine bony struts (trabecullae) are filled in the young animal with ______ ___________, replaced by ______ as the dog gets older
Bone marrow, fat
What is anchored by ligaments in which permit a given degree of movement in specific directions?
Bones
Which breed is primarily use and recognized as a carriage or coach dog? A) Bulldog B) Boston Terrier C) Dalmatian D) Poodle
C
Which of the following breeds is also called a "rat terrier" because of its ability to hunt rats and other rodents? A) Shih Tzu B) Boston Terrier C) Manchester Terrier D) Yorkshire Terrier
C
Which of the following breeds is the foundation breed for all English hunting spaniels? A) English setter B) Brittany C) Springer spaniel D) American cocker spaniel
C
There are two types of Welsh Corgi: The ______________, which has a long tail, and the ____________44, which has a short tail.
Cardigan, Pembroke
Rodenticide
Chemical substance used to kill rats and mice
What is the smallest dog?
Chihuahua (averages 4 Ibs. and 5" tall)
Small Hunting Dogs
Compact dogs with great tenacity for hunting as a pack or putting down underground burrows Terries
Which of the following breeds was developed in the United States? A) Poodle B) Bulldog C) Dalmatian D) Boston Terrier
D
What is a female dog called?
Dam
Mongrel or Mutt
Dog of mixed ancestry where no one breed can be recognized
Puppy
Dog under 1 year old
Purebred
Dog whose ancestors all belong to the same breed
What are the 3 basic skull shapes?
Dolichocephalic, Brachycephalic, Mesocephalic
Whelp
Either an unweaned puppy, or to give birth to a litter of puppies
What does the pinna do?
Fairly mobile, its muscles move it to follow sound; leads into the external auditory canal
True or false: greyhounds can run at speeds of up to 65 miles per hour
False
True or false: the Komondor breed is unique because of its very long, flowing hair coat
False
True or false: the boxer is a long-lived dog and often reaches 20 years of age
False
True or false: the purebred bloodhound is very aggressive and impetuous
False
True or false: the average life span of a dog is 10-13 years
False Correct answer: 12-15 years
True or false: Flat bones begin in the fetus as cartilage structures, which are replaced by true bone on the latter weeks of pregnancy.
False Correct answer: Long bones (instead of flat bones)
True or false: Once the dog has stopped growing the periosteum becomes relatively inactive, although if a fracture occurs and needs repairing, it can stay inactive in that area
False Correct answer: it becomes active again in that area
True or false: The tallest dog is the Great Dane
False Correct answer:Irish Wolfhound (34" tall)
Explain the difference in staring during fearful aggression and dominant aggression
Fearful aggression: wide-eyed look; skin is drawn back, exposing the whites of the eyes and often the pupils Dominant aggression: the pupils will probably be constricted, daring eye contact and fixed on your every move
The weakening of a bone can be avoided by the inside filled with ___________________
Fine bony struts or trabecullae
What was probably the initial aim of tail docking certain breeds?
Force aggression by preventing adequate expression of submission
How does the coat help prevent the dog from overheating?
Give an insulating layer to reduce problems with overheating
What is the Dam's mother called?
Granddam (maternal)
What the Sire's mother called?
Granddam (paternal)
What is the Dam's father called?
Grandsire (maternal)
What is the sire's father called?
Grandsire (paternal)
What is the fastest dog?
Greyhound
Litter
Group of puppies born at one time
Growth plates (epiphyseal plates)
Growth in length occurs in regions of the bone near the joints
Slipped disc
Happens in older dogs, vertebral discs become less fluid and its spine less supple
Explain why a sight Hound that may be running at full speed and end up tripping over something?
Has poor stereoscopic vision of all, except for a narrow field of view directly ahead of them
What does the middle ear include?
Incorporates the tympanic membrane and the tympanic cavity
The bones are linked together at_____________ which act like shock absorbers
Joints
Why is a Dogs nose wet?
Kept moist by the secretions of special cells which is stimulated when new doors are detected
Why is a Dogs nose wet?
Kept moist by the secretions of special cells, stimulated when new doors are detected
Carnassials
Large, strong shearing teeth
What can be considered as a tubular structure with a joint or articulation at each end?
Limb bone
Two major types of bone on the dogs skeleton
Long bones (tubular bones like the limb bones and spine) and flat bones (the skull, pelvis, and shoulder blade bones)
Through the center of the spines tube runs ______ _______ which houses the precious spinal cord
Neural canal
Is a dog a nose or mouth breather?
Nose
What are Hound dogs?
Oldest group 2 types (hunt by sight; very tall, good vision, fast) Greyhound, Afghan Hound (Hunt by scent; smaller dogs, nose to the ground, best sense of smell) Beagle, etc.
What does OFA stand for and what does it do?
Orthopedic Foundation for Animals Tests dogs for hip displacement
Placental membrane
Period preceding a dog estrus
What is the area at the back of the mouth where the trachea and the esophagus begin?
Pharynx
Mountain Dogs
Powerful dogs for guarding herds and flocks in mountains, with thick coats and plenty of fat Pure an Mountain Dog, Bernese Mountain Dog
Scenting, Tracking Dogs
Powerful dogs with a good nose, capable of following a scent (the ears are said to stir the air and "lift" scents) Bloodhound, Basset Hound
What part of the dogs eye makes the eye glow in the dark?
Retina
Proestrus
Sac that contains newborn; must be removed before the baby can breathe
Running Dogs
Slim, sleek Dogs with long legs, capable of great speed Saluki, Afghan Hound, Greyhound, Lurcher, Deerhound
What is a Toy dog?
Smallest dog (4-16 Ibs) long lifespan, used for pleasure and companionship, small and hairy
What is the most highly developed sense?
Smell
What are Herding Dogs?
Some large, heavily coated, great endurance, cattle or sheep in the name
What supplies the nutrition to the inside layer of the articular cartilage?
The artieries
Heat period
The estrus of females
How does the inside of a tubular bone prevent it from becoming too thick and heavy?
The older bone is reabsorbed and remodeled, keeping the actual bony wall or cortex the same thickness
Conformation
The size, shape, and form based on what an ideal animal of the species should look like
Why do short-nosed breeds have breathing problems
The soft plate can cause respiratory problems because it is effectively pushed further back into the head which constricts the pharynx making mouth breathing very difficult for some dogs
What is the problem of short-nosed breeds when it comes to respiration?
The soft plate is pushed further back into the head which constricts the pharynx making mouth breathing very difficult.
Why may it be hard for docked dogs to signal submission
They have no way to put their tail between their legs
Water Dogs
Tight, curly coat which sheds water well Poodles, Water Spaniel
A dog is designed for......?
To chase, capture, kill, and its prey
What do dogs use their voices for?
To express themselves, raising the pitch or volume of their bark to indicate frustration or emotion
Why do dogs wage their tails?
To show pleasure or as an invitation to come for a walk or to play
True false: the waging of a dog's tail shows pleasure while other positions show fear, submission or aggression
True
True or false: Most of a Dogs brain is involved with senses and recognition and very little is available for association of ideas
True
True or false: The Great Dane was developed and used for hunting wild boar and bear
True
True or false: a Dog has 40 times the number of brain cells involved in scent recognition than the number in a human
True
True or false: border terries were developed by farmers and shepherds for the purpose of helping drive out Fox, which played havoc on sheep flocks
True
True or false: does a Dogs nose have a much larger sensory area which increased sensitivity
True
True or false: in young growing dogs the inner layer of the periosteum is actively growing and producing bone, increasing the diameter of the bone
True
True or false: is the middle war sensitive to sound by application
True
True or false: most dogs breath primarily through their mouth
True
True or false: most of our breeds of dogs have been bred in just the past 150 to 280 years
True
True or false: setters are given their name because of the half setting stance they take when pointing game
True
True or false: the Rottweiler was used as a herding dog to drive cattle to and from market
True
True or false: the Skye terrier traces its origin back to a Spanish shipwreck off the island of Skye in the Scottish hebrides
True
True or false: the dogs can move their ears to follow sounds
True
True or false: the ears are extremely mobile and can turn to follow sounds
True
True or false: the growth plates are areas where cartilage is still being produced as an advancing layer behind the growth plate, in the metaphysis
True
True or false: the heaviest dog is the St. Bernard
True
True or false: the insulating layer of a Dogs coat reduces problems with overhearing
True
True or false: the miniature schnauzer is a of German origin
True
True or false: the original bulldogs were vicious, courageous, and almost insensitive to pain
True
True or false: when a Dogs is happy there is a distinct brightening of the eyes
True
What are the 4 types of Bute a dog might have?
Undershot, overshot, scissor bite, and/or level bite
Why do dogs pant?
Use evaporation through their respiratory tract to regulate heat
What are dogs whiskers used for?
Used for feeling in the dark
How do water dogs use their tails?
Uses the, as a rudder for swimming
Visible signs of how your dog is feeling can be shown by its _________ ___________ and also by its _______
Whole body, face
What are Non-sporting dogs?
Wide variety, don't fit in any other class, generally used as pets Bulldog, Chow-Chow, Lhasa Apso, Dalmatian, etc
What class of dog serves people by pulling sleds, protecting property, guide dogs, detect bombs or narcotics? (Think big, Eskimos, snow)
Working dogs
Where do the eyes sit?
Zygomatic arch
Anemia
A condition where the blood is lacking red blood cells
Crossbred
A dog whose parents belong to different breeds
What is between each vertebra?
A fibrous pad called intervertebral disc (thin)
What dog can't bark?
Basenji
Which of the following breeds is a steady, muscular dog with a characteristic gait much like that of a bear? A) Collie B) Herman Shepherd C) old English Sheepdog D) Welsh Corgi
Cs
Which breed is recognized as the oldest breed of dog on the American continent? A) Pug B) Pekingese C) Italian Greyhound D) Chihuahua
D
True or false: the bull terrier dates back to ancient Egypt when bull fights were permitted and well attended
False
Estrus
Females heat period or season
Colostrum
First milk produced by mother
What does the cranium do?
House the brain
What is the average size of the olfactory area in a human and in a dog?
Human= 1/2 square in. Dog= 21 square in.
Where does man have eccrine glands located? Where are the dogs eccrine glands?
Human= skin. Dog= paws
natural selection
If a certain physical element becomes beneficial to a species over a period of time, then those animals with the particular modification become more successful at surviving and therefore more numerous
What can't you stare at a dog in the eye?
It results in a challenge
Styptic
Substance used to stop bleeding by causing the blood to clot
What class of dog is bred for digging out small animals from burrows and are ferocious fighters?
Terrier
Which of the following breeds is short-lived and often doesn't reach 10 years of age? A) Boxer B) Doberman Pinscher C) Great Dane D) Rottweiler
A
What receives blood from a ring of arteries inside the joint capsule?
The epiphysis
nutrient foramen
The main shaft of each bone is supplied by one or two large nutrient arteries which enter the bone through a hole in the shaft
True or false: Each joint is surrounded by a joint capsule which contains the joint synovial fluid.
True
True or false: Dogs sweat through their paws
True
True or false: Norwegian elk hounds were developed for hunting elk
True
True or false: Tomarctus is an animal that is considered to be the "father" of modern dogs
True
How do dogs use their tails to communicate?
Wage their tails to show pleasure or as an invitation to come for a walk or to play, can be lowered as part of an aggression display, or tucked under in fear and submission
Gestation
period from conception to birth
Pedigree
A record of a purebred Dogs ancestry
Congenital
Present at birth
What is a male dog called?
Sire
Where does the Sagittal crest end?
The occipital bone
What is the stop on a Dogs head?
The point where the Sagittarius crest ends and the skull outline drops down to the nasal bones
Dog descend from what?
Wolves
Canine
related to dogs; doglike
