Introduction to Sociology Ch. 10

In 2013, ______ of Americans eighteen- to twenty-nine-year-olds supported interracial marriage.

96%

A disadvantaged group that is separated from the dominant group by their distinct physical or cultural characteristics is known as

minority group

Assimilation is when

new immigrant groups assume the attitudes and language of the dominant community.

Ethan is a white man who has Scottish ancestry and wore a kilt to his wedding. In most aspects of his life, however, being Scottish American has no meaningful impact on his day-to-day life. This example illustrates that

ethnicity is a choice for whites in the United States.

Which of the following methodological approaches to a research project on assimilation is a survey?

A researcher distributes paper questionnaires to new immigrant children in high school.

Which group has lived in the United States longer than all other immigrant groups besides Anglo-Saxons, yet faces the segregation and poverty that was only a transitional phase for the other groups?

African Americans

Which group of Americans has the highest college graduation rate?

Asian Americans

Which statement about Theodor Adorno's research would Adorno most agree with?

Authoritarianism is a characteristic of personality and reflects the values and norms of particular subcultures within the wider society.

Alarming disparities in health and health care still exist among U.S. racial and ethnic groups. Which group has the highest rate of hypertension?

Black men and women

According to the U.S. Census, are people with origins in the Middle East and North Africa white?

Both Middle Easterners and North Africans are white.

Who would MOST likely believe that strengthening the Black family is the solution to racial inequality?

Daniel Patrick Moynihan

Which statement best characterizes the textbook's assessment of the Trump presidency?

Donald Trump's presidency is seen as a new era of overt racism.

More than three-quarters of the nearly 59 million immigrants admitted to the United States since 1965 have been from

Latin America or Asia.

______ is the model of ethnic integration that exists in Switzerland.

Multiculturalism

Immigrants to the United States from 1820 to 1880 were mostly from

Northwestern Europe

Which of the following was a consequence of the U.S. policy of forcing Japanese families into "relocation centers" during World War II?

The Japanese families' assimilation into U.S. society accelerated after the war.

Which statement is an accurate characterization of the concept of race?

The concept of race plays an important role in the reproduction of patterns of power and inequality.

What is a characteristic of white privilege?

Whites may often benefit from it without even realizing it.

Which of the following statements concerning minority groups is true?

The term refers to political power and is not simply a numerical distinction.

A white person tells an Asian American person that they "speak good English." This interaction best illustrates which of the following statements?

Whites sometimes assume that the Asian American person they are speaking to is an immigrant.

Who argued that by the 1980s the economic conditions of Blacks had become central to their life chances?

William Julius Wilson

Industrial development in the North of the United States, combined with the mechanization of agriculture in the South, produced a progressive movement of _______ northward starting at the beginning of the twentieth century.

aa

William Julius Wilson has argued that for the United States to bridge the Black-white gap in inequality, the federal government would need to

create massive numbers of jobs.

Unlike other Latino immigrants, these immigrants were mainly educated people from white-collar and professional backgrounds.

cubans

A white man places a rental property he owns on Craigslist to rent it out for the next year. He receives two very promising applications from individuals who both are college educated and hold well-paying jobs. He decides not to rent his house to the first applicant simply because he is Arab American and rents it to the second applicant, who is white. What is this scenario an example of?

discrimination

Which factor is LEAST likely to explain IQ differences between Blacks and whites?

genetic factors

Which of the following minority groups is the largest?

hispanic americans

More than 99 percent of the people in the United States are descended from

immigrants.

During which period were Mexican workers admitted without much restriction?

in the post-World War II period up to the early 1960s

When speeding charges are made, Blacks fare much worse when citations are issued on the basis of the officer's visual assessment rather than radar or laser. This is an example of

institutional racism.

What were the "black codes"?

laws limiting the rights of blacks in the South after the Civil War

Steve believes that immigrants are more likely to be criminal than native-born Americans. He continues to hold this belief even though he learned in school that native-born Americans are more likely to commit crime than immigrants. Steve's attitude is an example of

prejudice.

Of the choices listed, which is a commonwealth of the United States?

puerto rico

______ is a socially constructed category based on the belief in fundamental human differences associated with physical characteristics and ancestry.

race

Mexicans in cities like Los Angeles and San Antonio end up living in segregated, high-poverty communities in which institutions, such as schools, have inferior resources and foster low expectations of their students; this situation may facilitate the categorization of Mexicans as a race. This process of categorization is known as

racialization.

Prejudice based on socially significant physical distinctions is known as

racism

Immigrants are sometimes blamed for low wages. Immigrants in this example can be considered a

scapegoat

A white applicant who was rejected by a prestigious university argues that she was not admitted because racial minorities were given special advantages in the application process. What term would be used to characterize her argument?

scapegoating

In apartheid-era South Africa, laws forced Blacks to live separately from whites and forbade sexual relations between races. This is an example of

segregation

In understanding the racial disparity in maternal health care between Black and white women, what factor is most directly associated with the cumulative effects of institutional and everyday racial discrimination that Black women face?

stress

In American Apartheid (1993), Douglas Massey and Nancy A. Denton argue that _______ is/are responsible for the perpetuation of black poverty and the continued polarization of black and white people.

the history of racial segregation