ISBB: Chapter 3: Software
Name 3 key points of ERP:
1. a software application 2. utilizes a central database 3. implemented organization-wide
Name some disadvantages of cloud computing:
1. info is stored on someone else's computer 2. must have internet to use 3. you rely on a 3rd party to provide these services
Name the 3 key functions of operating systems:
1. managing the hardware resources of the computer 2. providing the user-interface components 3. providing a platform for software developers to write applications
Name some advantages to cloud computing:
1. no software to install or upgrade 2. available via any computer with internet access 3. new apps can be up and running quickly 4. info is not lost if hard disk crashes or laptop is taken
Name the 2 types of categories software can be divided into:
1. operating systems 2. application software
Name 3 examples of productivity software:
1. word processing 2. spreadsheet 3. presentation
The real problem is not with PowerPoint as much as it is with the person creating and presenting. Author and chief evangelist Guy Kawasaki developed the __________________ rule for PowerPoint users. Just remember: 10 slides, 20 minutes, 30-point font.
10-20-30
The number of mobile apps in the Apple App Store has increased from zero in 2008 to over ____________ million in 2017.
2 million
The open-source movement has led to the development of some of the most used software in the world such as ______________ browser, the __________________ operating system, and the _________________ web server.
Firefox Linux Apache
Microsoft provided the first OS for the IBM-PC, released in 1981; initial venture into a ___________________________(GUI) operating system, known as Windows, occurred in 1985. Today's Window's 10 supports the ___________________ Intel CPU.
Graphical User Interface 64-bit
This operating system is open source, meaning individual developers are allowed to make modifications to the programming code; It is a version of the Unix operating which runs on large and expensive minicomputers.
Linux
Apple introduced the Macintosh computer 1984 with the first commercially successful GUI. Apple's operating system for the Macintosh is known as "________________" and also uses an Intel CPU supporting 64-bit processing
Mac OS
Some office suites include other types of software like Outlook or OneNote. The professional version of Office also includes ________________________, a database package.
Microsoft Access
Today's dominant spreadsheet is _______________________ which still retains the basic functionality of the first spreadsheet.
Microsoft Excel
Microsoft also offers a cloud-based version of their office suite named ____________________________________; this suite allows users to edit and share documents online utilizing cloud-computing technology.
Microsoft Office 365
. Microsoft popularized the idea of the office-software productivity bundle with their release of the ____________________________. This package continues to dominate the market and most businesses expect employees to know how to use this software.
Microsoft Office Suite
The most popular operating systems for personal computers are ______________________, __________________________________, and various versions of _____________________.
Microsoft Windows Apple's Mac OS Linux
this second category of software is utilized directly today to accomplish a specific goal such as word processing, calculations on a spreadsheet, or surfing the internet using a web browser
application software
True/False - An operating system is first loaded into the computer by the boot program, then it manages all of the programs in the computer, including both programs native to the operating system such as file and memory management and application software.
True
True/False - As presentation software has gained acceptance as the primary method to formally present information to a group or class, the art of giving an engaging presentation is becoming rare.
True
True/False - As software began to become a business, however, this idea of sharing everything fell out of favor with many developers. When a program takes hundreds of hours to develop, it is understandable that the programmers do not want to just give it away.
True
True/False - Cloud computing is not limited to web applications. It can also be used for services such as audio or video streaming.
True
True/False - ERP systems include functionality that covers all of the essential components of a business. An organization can purchase modules for its ERP system that match specific needs such as order entry, manufacturing, or planning.
True
True/False - If done properly, an ERP system can bring an organization a good return on their investment.
True
True/False - In order to effectively implement an ERP system in an organization, the organization must be ready to make a full commitment. All aspects of the organization are affected as old systems are replaced by the ERP system. In general, implementing an ERP system can take two to three years and cost several million dollars.
True
True/False - It is the formulas that make a spreadsheet powerful, allowing the user to develop complex calculations that can change based on the numbers entered.
True
True/False - Many businesses are wary of open-source software precisely because the code is available for anyone to see. They feel that this increases the risk of an attack.
True
True/False - Organizations implement virtual machines in an effort to reduce the number of physical servers needed to provide the necessary services to users. This reduction in the number of physical servers also reduces the demand for electricity to run and cool the physical servers.
True
True/False - Using this language, a programmer writes a program (known as source code) that can then be compiled into machine-readable form, the ones and zeroes necessary to be executed by the CPU. Languages such as HTML and JavaScript are used to develop web pages.
True
True/False - When a new type of digital device is invented, there are generally a small group of technology enthusiasts who will purchase it just for the joy of figuring out how it works.
True
True/False - When businesses migrated to the microcomputer (personal computer) market, they elected to stay with IBM and chose the PC. Companies took the safe route, invested in the Microsoft operating system and in Microsoft software/applications. Today, Microsoft Office in its various forms controls 85% of the market.
True
True/False - With applications for enterprise, as the personal computer proliferated inside organizations, control over the information generated by the organization began splintering. As such, in the 1990s, the need to bring an organization's information back under centralized control became more apparent.
True
Who is a great example of understanding the importance of IS in a supply chain?
Walmart
this performs specific tasks such as word processing, accounting, database management, video games or browsing the web
application software
this business model of restrictive software licensing which required payment for software; the source code is not made available to others meaning it is not open source
closed source
Historically, for software to run on a computer an individual copy of the software had to be installed on the computer. The concept of "___________________" computing changes this.
cloud
this refers to applications, services, and data storage located on the internet
cloud
Cloud service providers rely on giant server farms and massive storage devices that are connected via the Internet. ____________________________allows users to access software and data storage services on the Internet via a web browser.
cloud computing
Programming software can by typically identified as the ___________________________________ (IDE) and is provided free from the corporation that developed the programming language that will be used to write the code.
integrated development environment
this system manages an organization's customers; it is important to develop relationships with your customers, and the use of a well designed CRM can allow a business to personalize its relationship with each of its customers
customer relationship management (CRM)
Modern software applications are written using a programming language such as ________________, _________________, or ___________________.
java Visual C Python
this system was developed to bring together an entire organization within one program; sometimes called enterprise software; utilizes a central database or data source that is implemented throughout the entire organization
enterprise resource planning (ERP)
A "________________" application is one that becomes so essential that large numbers of people will buy a device just to run that application. For the personal computer, the killer application was the _____________________.
killer spreadsheet
The key to a successful supply chain management is the __________________________________________.
information system
ERP systems were originally marketed to __________________ organizations. Some of the more well-known ERP systems include those from __________, _______________, and _________________.
large SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft
When you install software, you are actually just being given a ____________________ to use it. This means if a problem with the software causes harm to your business, you cannot hold Microsoft or the supplier responsible for damages.
license
this is a software application designed to run specifically on a mobile device; in many ways just smaller versions of personal computers
mobile app
this makes the source code available for anyone to copy and use; is available in a complied format that can be downloaded and installed
open-source software
this manages the hardware and creates the interface between the hardware and the user thus making system resources available
operating systems
with this type of productivity software users can create slideshow presentations; slides can be projected, printed, or distributed to interested parties. Microsoft's PowerPoint is the most popular software right now, saving its files in PPTX format.
presentation
Many organizations are understandably nervous about giving up control of their data and some of their applications by using cloud computing. Therefore, a solution to this problem is __________________________. The basic idea is for the cloud service provider to section off web server space for a specific organization. The organization has full control over that server space while still gaining some of the benefits of cloud computing.
private cloud
Application software can also be known as __________________________. These programs allow office employees to complete their daily work efficiently. Many times these applications come packaged together, such as in Microsoft's Office.
productivity software
this consists of a set of commands and syntax that can be organized logically to execute specific functions
programming language
_______________________________ purpose is to produce software; most of these programs provide developers with an environment in which they can write the code, test it, and convert/compile it into the format that can then be run on a computer
programming software
this is the set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do; created by developers through the process of programming; with it, hardware would not be functional.
software
with this type of productivity software provides a way to do numeric calculations and analysis, displaying the result in charts and graphs. The working area is divided into rows and columns, where users can enter numbers, text, or formulas. The most popular package is Microsoft Excel, which saves its files in the XLSX format.
spreadsheet
Many organizations must deal with the complex task of managing their supply chain. At its simplest, a __________________________ is the linkage between an organization's suppliers, its manufacturing facilities, and the distributors of its products. Each link in the chain has a multiplying effect on the complexity of the process.
supply chain
this system handles the interconnection between these links as well as the inventory of the products in their various stages of development.
supply chain management (SCM)
this includes programs that allow you to fix or modify your computer in some way; were created to fill shortcomings in operating systems; examples include anti-malware software and programs that totally remove software you no longer want installed
utility software
this is the process of using software to simulate a computer or some other device; using this lets a single physical computer perform functions of several virtual computers, usually referred to as virtual machines
virtualization
with this productivity software, users can create and edit documents with functions to type and edit text, format fonts and paragraphs, as well as add, delete, and move test throughout the document, tables and images can be inserted, documents can be saved in a variety of electronic file formats with Microsoft Word's DOCX being the most popular
word processing
