ITE 221 Module 7 Review

video display colors and are red, green, and blue.

Additive colors

places liquid ink directly onto the paper.

inkjet printer

is an integrated microprocessor used to generate bitstream outputs.

keyboard controller

operates with an electrical charge and the attraction of ink to this charge.

laser printer

contains a matrix of liquid crystals sandwiched between two polarizing filter panels that block all light except light approaching from a specific angle.

liquid crystal display (LCD)

scans for light or dark marks at specific locations on a page.

mark sensor

display can display one of two colors, so it requires only 1 bit per pixel.

monochrome

output only one frequency (note) can be generated at a time.

monophonic

generates bitmap representations of printed images

optical scanner

is simply a table of colors

palette

shares transistors among rows and columns of pixels.

passive matrix display

is an expansion card that connects to the system bus that at a minimum, includes an ADC, a DAC, a low-power amplifier, and connectors (jacks) for a microphone and a speaker or headphones.

sound card

vocal sounds (phonemes) are stored in the system and character outputs are sent to a processor in the output unit, which assembles corresponding groups of phonemes to generate synthetic speech.

speech synthesis

is part of the Microsoft DirectX suite embedded in Windows OSs.

Direct3D

is a process that generates color approximations by placing small dots of different colors in an interlocking pattern.

Dithering

is a measure of resolution with a dot equivalent to a pixel.

Dots per inch (dpi)

is a simultaneous read/write capability.

Dual-porting

are a general class of input devices such as digitized tablets and tablet PCs.

Input pads

is a common bitmap compression format.

Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG)

is the term that replaced "plotter."

Large-format printer

are a new form of flat panel display.

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs)

refers to the primary colors for a video display.

RGB

is different from ordinary RAM because it can be written by the bus interface circuitry or video processor while being read by display generator circuitry.

Video RAM (VRAM)

contains a series of vertical bars of equal length but varied thickness and spacing.

bar code

detects specific patterns of bars or boxes.

bar-code scanner

is a stored set of numbers describing the content of all pixels in an image.

bitmap

is an enclosed glass vacuum tube with an electron gun in the rear that generates a stream of electrons focused in a narrow beam toward the tube's front surface.

cathode ray tube (CRT)

is a collection of characters of similar style and appearance.

font

display can display black, white, and many shades of gray in between.

grayscale

is a language that symbolically describes the content of a printed or displayed image.

image description language (IDL)

is a standard for storing and transporting control information between computers and electronic musical instruments.

Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)

achieve high-quality color display with organic compounds.

Organic LED (OLED)

are a series of sounds that roughly correspond to the sounds of each letter of the alphabet.

Phonemes

is multifrequency sound generation.

Polyphonic

is a superset of PostScript that allows for the distributing of compressed documents with the author's complete control over the format of the printed and displayed document, regardless of the end user's computer, OS, or printer.

Portable Document Format (PDF)

is an IDL designed mainly for printed documents, although it can also be used to generate video display outputs.

PostScript

means a speech-recognition system must be "trained" to recognize the sounds of human speakers.

Speaker-dependent

is the process of recognizing and responding to the meaning embedded in spoken words, phrases, or sentences.

Speech recognition

are the inverse of the additive colors and are cyan (absence of red), magenta (absence of green), and yellow (absence of blue).

Subtractive colors

uses one or more transistors for every pixel.

active matrix display

accepts a continuous electrical signal representing sound (such as microphone input), samples it at regular intervals, and outputs a stream of bits representing the samples.

analog-to-digital converter (ADC)

is a device that generates spoken messages based on text input.

audio response unit

is a coding method that represents color as three 8-bit numbers, one for the intensity of each additive or subtractive color.

24-bit color

is the abbreviation for subtractive colors

CMY

is the four-dye scheme

CMYK

is the number of distinct colors or gray shades that can be displayed.

Chromatic depth

have replaced CRTs because they're thinner, generate higher quality images, and consume less power than CRTs for similar-sized displays.

Flat panel displays

is a common bitmap compression format.

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

is grayscale dithering

Half-toning

are video display panels

Monitors

was developed by Silicon Graphics, but Khronos Group now maintains it as an open standard.

OpenGL

devices combine optical-scanning technology with a special-purpose processor or software to interpret bitmap content.

Optical character recognition (OCR)

is the process of converting analog sound waves to digital representation.

Sampling

are used to detect the bars that bar-code readers use; they sweep a narrow laser beam back and forth across the bar code.

Scanning lasers

is a pointer on a display device

a cursor

also called the chromatic depth

chromatic resolution

is a microprocessor specialized for processing continuous streams of audio or graphical data

digital signal processor (DSP)

performs the reverse transformation, accepting a stream of bits representing sound samples and generating a continuous electrical signal that can be amplified and routed to a speaker.

digital-to-analog converter (DAC)

consists of a digitizing tablet and a pen, stylus, or both.

digitizer

moves a print head containing a matrix of pins over the paper.

dot matrix printer

converts incoming light energy into outgoing electrical energy.

photosensor

is each cell in the video matrix that represents one part of an image.

pixel

combines elements of CRT and LCD technology.

plasma display

is a printer that generates line drawings on wide sheets or rolls of paper.

plotter

is a standard pixel size for a printer of 1/72 of an inch.

point

is each transfer of a full screen of data from the display generator to the monitor.

refresh cycle

is the number of refresh cycles per second is normally stated in hertz.

refresh rate

of a display is the number of pixels displayed per linear measurement unit.

resolution

is the output generated by a keyboard controller when keys are pressed.

scan code

is a transistor embedded within a device such as a display surface and constructed using semiconductor fabrication technology.

thin film transistor

is a line segment with a specific angle and length in relation to a point of origin.

vector

is a series of concatenated or linked vectors that can be used to construct complex shapes, such as boxes, triangles, and the inner and outer lines of a table or spreadsheet.

vector list

is connected to a port on the system bus or a dedicated video bus and connects to a monitor.

video controller

was the first computer video display devices, introduced in the 1960s, consisted of an integrated keyboard and TV screen.

video display terminal (VDT)