Julius Caesar Background

How was Julius Caesar trained from greatness from the time he was a young boy?

He was beaten if he made a mistake. He was expected to follow in his father's footsteps. He was given a great education. At ag 15 he was introduced to political life.

Julius Caesar was a member of the Rome aristocracy, yet he chose to court the urban poor. Why did he try to garner the affections and loyalty of the urban poor? How did this help him for power?

He was not favored by the rich, so he turned to the poor. This helped him because he gained a whole new following based that no one had ever had.

Explain what Brutus wishes for at the end of Scene 1.

He wishes to know the outcome of today.

Comment on the significance of the Ghost's appearance. What emotional tone do you think this use of the supernatural gives to this scene?

The Ghost appearance shows that Brutus feels guilty about what happened to Caesar. It shows Guilt. It's a literal example that our past mistakes have come back to haunt us.

How would you describe the play's conflict as it is established in Act I?

The complex seems to be between people who love Caesar and people who want to get rid of him. Brutus is somewhere in between and he loves Caesar but he also it's not like him and wants him to rule.

Et tu, Brute?—Then fall, Caesar. (3.1.85)

This quote is spoken when Brutus delivers the final stab that kills Caesar. IT's spoken by Caesar. It is an example of Irony . Caesar is shocked that even one of his best and brightest friends deceived to kill him too. AT the end of the book Brutus kills himself after being hunted by the ghost of Caesar. The irony is that Brutus killed Caesar and Caesar killed Brutus. They were both downfalls.

What is the setting of Scene 2? What warning does the soothsayer give Caesar, and what is Caesar's response?

To beware of the Ides of March. Caesar replies That he's insane and that they should move on and not pay attention to him. Soothsayer- fortune teller Quote annalizes quotes

Let me have men about me that are fat. . . . (1.2.202)

Caesar is talking to Cassius, Brutus and MArk Anonthy after returning from the games about the type of men he wants around him. This is a metaphor about how Caesar wants men who have personalities and wisdom around him. He wants people to be able to make decisions and lead Rome. He wants men who are brave and like him.

Danger knows full well That Caesar is more dangerous than he. We are two lions littered in one day, And I am elder and more terrible. (2.2.47-50)

Caesar is talking to her servant about how he won't be a coward. He uses a metaphor to state that if he is killed then he would die an honorable man. He uses the animal a lion in the assertion because they are known to be brave and cutting creatures. Caesar says he too will be like a Lion and accept his fate. He believes that he is the most powerful and better of any romans.

What does the Ghost report will happen in the future? What emotional tone do you think this use of the supernatural gives to this scene?

Caesar's Ghost tells Brutus that he will see him at philippi. I think this had an eerie and guilty emotional tone.

What does Calphurnia try to persuade her husband to do in Scene 2?

Calpurnia wants him to say that he's too ill to go to the capital and stay home.

Look back at his soliloquy at the beginning of this act and list the reasons Brutus gives for killing Caesar.

For the good of Rome Caesar is too powerful, too ambitious and will not take care of the commoners, you will be bad for all of Rome and turn it into something the ancestors will not like. That the crown may corrupt Caesar. He's scared that Caesar may abuse his power. He's scared that Caesar may turn his back on the people.

Explain Brutus's opposition to swearing an oath in Scene 1, lines 125-151. Describe the character traits that you think emerge in this speech.

He wants one of those Because he believes the conspirators are meeting for one common cause, the good of Rome. He believes that what he's doing is Honorable. is honest, honorable , and loyal.

Pathos

emotional appeal

Aside

a remark or passage in a play that is intended to be heard by the audience but unheard by the other characters in the play. Like a wisphear

The Lupercalia

A fertility festival in ancient Rome, celebrated on February 15 in honor of the pastoral god Lupercus

1. In Scene 2, what ominous events have taken place that night, according to Calphurnia? What is Caesar's response to her terror?

A lioness in the streets gave birth. Death has come out of the graves as ghosts. Blood on the capitol where Warriors fight. A bad storm is in the sky. Caesar believes that whatever the gods had destined will happen so he will continue to stay at home.

Know: Caesar doth not wrong, nor without cause Will he be satisfied. (3.1.52-53)

All the conspirators are talking to Caesar about letting metellus' brother be parted right before the conspirators killed Caesar. Caesar is denying pardon because he believes that he did the right thing and wants to stay true to his word. This is an example of irony. He will not save another person's life because he believes it's for the good of Rome to do so. Brutus kills Caesar for the same reason and has the same motivation.

Caesar and Anthony

Anthony served with Caesar in Gual and was his most trusted college. He fully expected to be named Caesar's heir and bragged about it. He was shocked that Octavius was getting it and not him.

Which speech is more effective—Brutus's or Antony's? Explain.

Anthony's speech was more effective. He created a whole mod that's mad at Brutus. They want to find him and kill him. They also want to burn down his house. They also attacked Cinna the poet for no reason. Anthony created a group of angry people who won't listen to reason or common sense.

During Julius Caesar's lifetime, the roman empire was expanding its territories. How did this expansion cause political instability?

Arcistocray fought and often used the military to obtain offices. The more terrorists they took over, the more aristocrats were trying form office.

In Scene 1, there is still a change that the conspiracy might be foiled. Explain why Artemidorus fails to get Caesar to read his warning.

Artemidorus and Decuis are trying to get Caesar to read their letters. since there are two it's harder for Artemidorus to be read first. Cesar also says he wants to do the personal thing last and put Rome before him.

According to Scene 3, what chance still exists that the assassination plan won't work?

Artmedirous gives Caesar a warning of what the caspiorsare palinging and who they are.

Describe how Shakespeare creates and builds suspense during Scenes 3 and 4. What questions are you left with as the act ends?

Artmedirous has a paper with the names of all the conspirators, so Caesar can be warned ahead of time. This creates suspense because we don't know and Caesar will believe him. A soothsayer is questioned by Portia, she sends Lucius to see if Brutus is all right. We don't know why she thinks Brutuis wouldn't be. The question left is will Caesar believe and read the note.

What reason does Brutus give for summoning Varro and Claudius into his tent in Scene 3? What other dramatic purpose does their presence serve in this scene?

Brutus tells Varro and Claudius to sleep in his tent because he may have to wake them to get a message to Cassius. I think the other dramatic purpose is to show that Brutus is scared and does not want to be alone.

How do you interpret each character's behavior in this quarrel? From what does their conflict stem?

Both Brutus and Cassius are being petty and not responsible. Cassius asks Brutus to kill him and Brutus keeps making fun of Cassius. I think this conflict stems from brutus witness over killing Caesar.

But for mine own part, it was Greek to me. (1.2.294-295)

Brutus Cassius and Casca are talking about Caesar's downfall and how he fell in the marketplace. It was Casa who said the quote. It is a metaphor to say that one doesn't understand what's happening. It used to show that Cosa didn't understand what was going on.

Soliloquy

an act of speaking one's thoughts aloud when by oneself or regardless of any hearers, especially by a character in a play.

Give examples of two contrasting sides of Brutus. How is he with Cassius? With the boy Lucius and the guards?

Brutus is rude and mean with Cassius, he tells him in their fight that Cassius tempted Brutus to make fun of him. With Lucius and the guards he is nice and caring. He asks Lucius to play him the flute but only if he has the energy for it.

Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once. (2.2.34-35)

Caesar is taking Calprinia in this sense. He states that only weak and scared will die many times before the brave. This is a metaphor about the brave people and cowards. Those who are brave and are willing to take chances will live a great prosperous life. They will only die at the end. While those who stay behind and are afraid to live their lives will never experience life. They will die each time they miss an experience.

Describe what happens when Caesar is offered the crown, according to Casca in Scene 2?

Caesar is offered a crown three times, and turned it down each time. Casca thinks he didn't want to turn it down. After that he starts talking weirdly and faints, the people forgive him for talking weirdly. Did this to make sure people can't call him power hungry.

What do Brutus's and Cassius's dying words reveal about their attitudes toward Caesar's murder and their characters in general?

Cassius dying words reveals that he thinks poorly of himself. He also is a loyal person. He makes his servant kill him which shows that he was too much of a coward to do it himself. By stabbing himself with the same Sard that was used to kill Caesar shows that he thinks he's just as important as Caesar. He feels regret.Brutus's dying words reveal that he felt more guilty about killing Caesar than killing himself. This shows that Brutus' fatal flaw was being gullible. He felt awful and guilt ridden about what he did to Caesar.

Brutus and Cassius disagree over military strategy. Who finally gives in?

Cassius gives into Brutus's strategy.

Cassius tells Brutus several anecdotes about Caesar in Scene 2. What is Cassius implying through these stories? What do you think of the techniques Cassius uses to persuade Brutus to turn against Caesar? Do you see any serious flaws in his reasoning?

Cassius implies that Caesar is no better than any of them, but he's been given all the power as if he was a god. Brutus or Cassius would be a better leader than him.

Who is the moving force, the protagonist who drives the action, in Act I? By the act's end, what steps has he taken to achieve his goal?

Cassius is the protagonist and his goals to get rid of Caesar. So far he's assembled a group of conspirators and worked toward convincing Brutus to betray Caesar.

Describe the issues that cause Brutus and Cassius to quarrel in Scene 3.

Cassius is upset with Brutus because he did not forgive his bad actions, he does not trust Cassius and Brutus allowed Marc Anthony to speak at Caesar's funeral. Brutus is upset with Cassius because Cassius cannot be trusted and Cassius did not send money to pay Brutus's soldiers as he requested.

He doth bestride the narrow world Like a Colossus, and we petty men Walk under his hugs legs and peeps about To find ourselves dishonorable graves. (1.2.142-145)

Cassuis is talking to Brutius about Caesar and how he isn't the god that people perceive him as. This is a metaphor for people in power controlling everything and except the society's people to just follow them no matter what. The leaders then make poor decisions for the country and make the people pay for their mistakes. People's free will then is taken away.The leaders expert the people to worship the ground they walk.

Who proposes the murder of Antony? Why does Brutus oppose it?

Cassius proposes the murder of Mark Anthony. Bruce opposes it because he believes that Mark Anthony does not pose a threat to them and does not want to be seen as murderers. They're only murdering Caesar because they believe that it's the right for Rome.

Upon what meat doth this our Caesar feed That he is grown so great?(1.2.158-159)

Cassuis is taking to Brutus about how Caesar's power is going to grow too strong. The literary term symbolism can show the reader that Caesar is not physically eating meat, but the meat is a symbol of power. When Caesar grows as a person, his power grows vastly with him. This quote can show the theme because Cassius refuses to accept Caesar's rising power.

The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, But by ourselves. . . ." (1.2.147-48)

Cassuis is talking to Brutus about how Caesar shouldn't be leader and how he would be a better one. He talks about how some people are given responsibilities and privileges from birth, while others are left with nothing. This quote is a metaphor. It says that some people are given responsibility from birth and are expected to succeed. While others are destined to fail because they have and are nothing. These people can't do anything about it, the fault isn't in themselves but decided by faith.

In Scene 1, why does Cassius argue against allowing Antony to speak at Caesar's funeral? What reasons does Brutus give for overruling him?

Causes doesn't want Mark Anthony to speak at Caesar's funeral Because he believes that Mark Anthony will turn people of Rome against the conspires. Brutus tells Cassius that he will speak first to the public and explain why they killed Caesar. Brutus will warn Mark Anthony not to say one bad thing against them.

escribe the complexities of Caesar's character in this act. Does he seem to be a monstrous tyrant, as the conspirators feel he is, or does he seem sympathetic? Explain your answer.

Cesar appears, sometimes but indecisive at others. Fearful sometimes fearless of others. Arrogant also meek at other times. does not seem to be like a monstrous tyrant, when Calpurnia asks him to stay he is going to. The only reason he didn't is because someone showed him the positive side of her dream. Everyone wants to believe positive over negatives.

The triumvirate

Consisting of Mark Antony, Octavius and Lepidus, was set up in 43 BC to maintain the republic. three man dictatorship that had the power to make laws and appoint. The 3 triumvirs divided the roman empire into provinces. Antony got most of Gual, Lepidus got parts Gual and spain and Octavius got africa, Sicily and Sardinia.

Identify two of the ancient philosophies referred to in Scene 1 of this act. Are their similar codes of behavior today?

Epicureanism-an ancient school of philosophy founded in Athens by Epicurus. The school rejected determinism and advocated hedonism (pleasure as the highest good), but of a restrained kind: mental pleasure was regarded more highly than physical, and the ultimate pleasure was held to be freedom from anxiety and mental pain, especially that arising from needless fear of death and of the gods. Stoicism- an ancient Greek school of philosophy founded at Athens by Zeno of Citium. The school taught that virtue, the highest good, is based on knowledge; the wise live in harmony with the divine Reason (also identified with Fate and Providence) that governs nature, and are indifferent to the vicissitudes of fortune and to pleasure and pain. Agreed with today

What is Brutus uneasy about at the beginning of Scene 2?

He feels uneasy at the opening because he does not trust Cassius because Cassius has been taking bribes.

Summarize the reasons Brutus gives for his suicide.

He has a guilty conscience and the ghost of Caesar has come from him so it's his turn to die. He would rather die than be captured Anontny. He feels like it's the only way Ceaser can rest peacefully. It is the most noble thing to do.

aesar stands astride a world as a powerful ruler, yet he suffers many personal weaknesses. Various characters tell us what these are, and they say that a man who is as human as anyone else should not act like a god and rule the world. What exactly are Caesar's infirmities and weaknesses?

He has epilepsy. He's deaf in one ear. He almost drowned. He has been very sick before.

Explain why Lucilius behaves as he does in Scene 4. Describe Antony's reaction when Lucilius is captured.

He pretends to be Brutus. Treated fairly nicely for Caesar. He serves only brutus, he believes that brutus is the only one who can save rome. He knows that he's a valuable capture but would rather have Brutus.

In Antony's funeral oration in Scene 2, how does he manage to abide by the agreement with Brutus and Cassius and still destroy the conspirators' reputations? How does he shrewdly manipulate the Roman mob?

He puts restrictions on Mark Antony, Antony honors them, but at the same time e destroys their reputation by indirectly contradicted the conspirators showing that what they did was wrong

Why does Caesar, in Scene 2, think Cassius is dangerous? What qualities disturb him?

He reads a lot, he's a keen observer and he keeps hidden motives in what men do. He doesn't like to watch plays the way that normal people do. He doesn't listen to music, he rarely smiles, when he does he does in a self-mocking way. He doesn't think that men like him well will be comfortable while someone's in a higher rank than themselves. Caesar sees him as a threat to his power.

What could Antony's speech (lines 82-276) foreshadow about events in the second half of the play?

He talks about Caesar's revenge and how the conspirators will pay for their actions. This could foreshadow the conspirators' downfall.

What does Antony disclose to the crowd concerning Caesar's will in Scene 2? Describe the crowd's reaction.

He tells them that Caesar is giving them all money and making some of his land public. The mod is happy that Caesar left them this but angry that he was murdered.

Shakespeare uses thunder and other sounds indicating storms and tempests in order to suggest cosmic disorders and conflicts. In this act, what cosmic disorders is the thunder signifying?

He uses thunders and storming at the end of scene 1. This shows the conspiracy and helps add suspense. At the beginning of scene 2 it is used to show that there is danger approaching.

Why was Julius Caesar murdered?

He wanted to make himself crown king of Rome. The senate though he was too powerful.

Explain what Cassius wants to convince Brutus of in Scene 2.

He's trying to convince Brutus that Caesar is not good from Rome. He's trying to show him that Caesar's only one man and isn't the god everyone thinks he is. Brutus would be a better leader than Caesar

Julius Caesar's status at his birth influenced his later life. What was the station of his family at his birth? How did he get his position enable him to reach the height of power in his later life?

His family was very rich. He was brought up in luxy. His father helped govern rome. Julius Caesar was expected to do the same as his father. He was given a great education. He would also participate in physical training such as battle skills.

What are your feelings about Brutus and Antony in this act?

I feel like both are very manipulative people. Both make promises and break them. They both also talk out of both ends of their mouths. They both don't ever share their real opinions.

Do you have any conflicting feelings about Caesar during his act? Describe your impression of his character.

I have no conflicting feelings about Caesar. He seems like a rude obnoxious person. He seems power hungry and arrogant. He speaks to his people poorly.

What is your view of Brutus at the end? Give evidence from the play to support your view.

I think Brutus was an easy trick, not a bright man. He was tricked into thinking that the people didn't like Caesar, which led to him killing Caesar. Later when Mark Anothy asked to speak at the funeral, he said yes. This wasn't smart, Mark Anothy was able to tuen much of Rome against him and led to a civil war. He later realized that he was tricked again, this time by Cassius. Cassius got money from scamming people and didn't let brutus know at the time. When Brutus found out that he was doing this, he got mad. Later he ended up forgiving him. He didn't do it soon enough though because people found out that there was tension between the two.

A healthy republic requires a reasonably intelligent and responsive citizenry. Throughout this play, the people of Rome are described as "trash" or worse. Point out passages in Act I where various nobles express their contempt for the common people. How does this make you feel about these characters? Do the people seem to deserve a republic?

In the beginning of the play Flavius and Marullus approach common people and ask why they are not at work. When they tell them why they act very harshly to them. Caesar insulted the common person who tried to warn him about march 15. These characters' actions make me feel like they are very rude and privileged. It makes it hard to like them when they act this way. The people deserve a republic because everyone's voice should be heard if they speak of the government, no matter how rude they act.

Major characters vs. Minor characters

Major characters are those who are central to the main plot and story conflicts. Most of the dialogue and inner thinking happens with the main character. Minor characters are there to support the major characters but have less influence on the story.

After 2,000 years, the name caesar still is symbolic. What does this name represent? What is the value of his name in western civilization?

Many rulers in the past want to be like him. He was known as one of the world's greatest leaders. He changed what the government in Rome looked like. In the western civilization saw him as a king for his conquest and achievements.

As the battle is waged, both sides achieve mixed results. Explain who triumphs over whom?

Mark Anthony and Ocvaicus are together pursuing Brutus and Cassius who have retreated and split up. Anthony defeats the conspirators. Rather kill himself then capture.

How is Antony characterized by his actions and words in Scene 1? Is this characterization consistent with earlier characterization of him?

Mark Anthony seems cruel and violent in scene one. This isn't consistent with his early characterization. He first seemed caring and smart. He asks to have the funeral for Caesar and was able to out smart Brutus with his funeral speech but now talks about killing people.

What petition serves as an excuse for the conspirators to gather around Caesar immediately before his assassination?

Metellus to get his brother not banished anymore. The other conspirators are also trying to do this.

Tragedy

Nobel protagonist, protagonist must be flawed in some key way, the play itself has a fetal ending.

Name the four characters who finally confront each other in the first scene of Act 5.

Octavius, Anthony, Cassius and Brutus.

Julius Caesar toga was streaked with purple. What was the symbolic value of the color purple? Why was it a status symbol?

Purple was the most expensive and most important color. It was on senators togas. People who wear it were seen to be important.

Shakespeare knew from his study of Plutarch that the young Octavius, Julius Caesar's great-nephew and adopted son, would eventually eliminate his rival, Antony, and consolidate his rule of the Roman Empire under the title Augustus Caesar. In Scene 1 of this act, what are the hints that Octavius is beginning to assert himself? What is the significance of Octavius delivering the final speech of the play?

One hint is that it talks about killing the copariors himself. Another is he starts to make Mark Anthony listen to him instead of the other way around . The significance of Octavius gave the last line to symbolize the Mark Anthony fall of power. Octavius ends up eliminating Mark Anthony and gaming the crown to the roman empire. This shows that he's the one who's on top and in power.

In ancient Rome, a leader needed great skills to become successful. What was the role of oratory in ancient rome? What is the role of oratory in today's world?

Oratory, the art of public speaking, was highly regarded in ancient Rome politics. Today they are our famous and political leaders.

Why did the senate make Julius Caesar dictator?

Out of respect and fear made him dictator for 10 years.

Act, Scene, Line

References at the end of your quotations should refer to Act, scene and line numbers (as in the example above), not to page numbers. You may either use Roman numerals or Arabic ones, but be consistent with your citations.

Who did Julius Caesar's marriage help his career?

Pompeia, this brought him a new alliance.

At the end of Scene 2, how does Cassius say he will pursue his plan to involve Brutus in the conspiracy against Caesar?

Projects will leave letters on Brutus, his property that seemed to me from different commoners.T he letters will tell Brutus that people don't like Caesar and that they wished Brutus would be leader.

According to Brutus, what were the reasons for Portia's death? How does he respond to her death?

She ate fire. He doesn't seem to show any emotion to the fact she died. He also doesn't seem to care and only cares about the work that needs to be done.

What does Portia demand of her husband in Scene 1?

She wants to know what is on Brutus's mind and why he's acting so weird.

perchance to dream

Sleep is for a non guilty people.

Identify at least three examples of irony in scene 3.

That Cassius's sword that killed Caesar also killed him. Caesar didn't want to die by that sword, where Cassuis's begged to die by the sword. Tiitnus dies because Cassuis's died but Cassius thought Tetanus died so he killed himself. This is situational irony because they both died because they thought the other was dead. Brutus believes that Julius Caesar is the one making everyone kill themselves. This is ironic because they all killed Caesar and Caesar didn't kill them. Brutus thoughts on suicide-bad then kills himself later.

What events and mistaken assumptions lead to Cassius's suicide?

That Titinius was killed and that he sent him to his death.

Describe Calpurnia's dream. Explain why Decius's interpretation of the dream persuades Caesar to go to the Senate.

That there's a fountain in a blood pouring from Caesars chest. Decius interpret Calpurnia's bad dream by making a positive and hopeful dream. The dream is about how long will worship and love him.

A glimpse into the future

The Roman profession is futurture telling. looks at omans

Brutus and Cassius have been friends throughout the play, with Cassius clearly the subordinate. In Scene 3, they quarrel with each other. How is their conflict resolved? What has become of their friendship by the end of the scene?

The conflict is resolved after Cassius hears about the death of Brutus's wife and they decide to be friends again.

Stage Directions-

The definition of a stage direction is an instruction written in the script of a play

In Scene 3, what happens to Cinna the poet? What does this action reveal about the mob?

The mod takes away Cinna the poet just because of his name. This shows that they are angry and don't listen to any common sense or reason.

or a moment after the assassination, the action seems to stop. The protagonists (Brutus, Cassius, and the other conspirators) have achieved their goal. But soon the protagonist who is to drive the rest of the play appears. Who is this protagonist, and what does he want?

The protagonist is Mark Anthony. He wants to address the people of Rme at Caesar's funeral. He also wants justice for Caesar.

Explain why the workingmen are celebrating in the first scene. Why does Marullus reproach them?

The work men are celebrating because Caesar is coming back from battle. Marullus reproaches them because he thinks they're hypocrites. He says that they did the same thing from the formal leader and he also doesn't like Caesar. Rich people don't want caesar.

Believing that nature mirrors the disorders in human lives, Shakespeare heightens the atmosphere of terror as the conspirators gather to discuss their plans. What details in Scene 3 do you think evoke this sense of danger and terror?

The storm, the lion at the capitals, the people made of flames, the owl at daytime, the fire falling from the sky.

Describe how Antony and Octavius react to Brutus's death

They respect Brutus. They called him the greatest roman of all and decided to give him a popper burial. They said he was a good, noble and honest man. He was the best conspirator. Decide to end the war. Antony and Octavius recognize the fights over. Brutus killed caesar for rome not power.

In Act 3, what can be considered the turning point, the point at which the protagonist's fortunes begin to change?

The turning point is when Mark Antony starts talking and the Plebeians start to hate the protagonist.

As Scene 1 opens, what are Antony, Octavius, and Lepidus doing? What breach has opened in the triumvirate?

They are discussing how they are going to split the land they conquered and who they are going to kill. Mark Anthony doesn't believe that Lepidus is right to rule. Mark Anthony has decided to change a few things in Caesar's will.

Describe the military situation as it is presented in Act IV. What is going on between the conspirators and the triumvirate?

They are fighting a war with each other for power.

What was the role did women play in the roman empire? How were women used as tools to gain political power through marriage alliances? What does this say about how women were viewed?

They were used like objects. They were used to being married to more power in Rome.they powerful families would sell their daughters to other powerful families to form alliances. Rome saw women as objects and a means to an end, nothing more

mighty Caesar, dost thou lie so low? Are all thy conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils Shrunk to this little measure? (3.1.164-166)

This quote is spoken by Mark Anothy talking to Caesar's dead body. This is a metaphor for how Caesar was so great but he was defeated by such a little plan and people. He won many battles and defeated many enemies but he's death came from his friends. None of the glory or nor the triumphs would predict that his death would be from the people closest to him.

Cry "Havoc!" and let slip the dogs of war....(3.1.299)

This quote is being spoken by Antony and he is sharing his thoughts about how he does not want to take Caesar's body. Brutus told him that he should not blame them in the funeral speech, but speak all good you can devise of Caesar. This is a metaphor stating how letting the dogs slip the war is letting them be released, just like political and societal restraints against war that operate during times of peace.

Thou art the ruins of the noblest man That ever lived in the tide of times. (3.1.282-283)

This quote is spoken by Mark Antony and he is talking about how the conspirators have just left him with Caesar's body. Antony is apologizing for being so gentle with the conspirators and praising Caesar saying he was the noblest man that ever lived. This is a metaphor because Antony is explaining how Caesar was the noblest man in Rome.

Brutus and Stoic Philosophy

concled people to maintain their inner peace and tranquility whenever sistation was pleasurable or painful.

Ethos

credibility

Logos

logic

Tragic Hero

progaists of a tragedy, Nobel protagonist, protagonist must be flawed in some key way,

Epilepsy

seizure disorder

Tragic Flaw

the personality trait that leads to their downfall

Catharsis

the release of emotion to art, should be moving Rhetoric

The Senate

was the aristocratic branch of Rome's government. 300 senators debated issues and made recommendation. Consist of only men.