June 13 1-24 U.S. History

What was a result of the railroad construction shown on the map? (1) A national market developed in the United States. (2) Silver and gold mining opportunities decreased. (3) Railroad companies gave free land to settlers. (4) Steel factories relocated from the Great Lakes region to the Rocky Mountain states.

(1) A national market developed in the United States.

Base your answer to question 8 on the excerpts from the United States Constitution below and on your knowledge of social studies. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it. — Article I, Section 9 ... and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. — Amendment IV 8 Which basic constitutional concept is illustrated by each of these provisions? (1) balancing individual liberty and the need for order in society (2) dividing power between the Senate and the House of Representatives (3) guaranteeing equal treatment of minority groups (4) providing flexibility to meet changing needs through the elastic clause

(1) balancing individual liberty and the need for order in society

The Roosevelt Corollary (1904) to the Monroe Doctrine proclaimed the right of the United States to (1) intervene in the internal affairs of Latin American nations (2) impose trade restrictions on European imports (3) promote democracy in Africa (4) determine the border between Alaska and Canada

(1) intervene in the internal affairs of Latin American nations

In Marbury v. Madison (1803), the Supreme Court established a precedent for (1) judicial review (2) the impeachment process for civil officers (3) lifetime offices for justices (4) treaty ratification procedures

(1) judicial review

"GovernorDefeatedinRecallElection" "Referendum Held on Term Limits" "Conservationists Propose Initiative on National Parks" These headlines are all examples of Progressive Era reforms designed to (1) place more power in the hands of the voters (2) strengthen the power of state legislatures (3) decrease States rights and increase federal power (4) exclude specific ethnic groups from the political process

(1) place more power in the hands of the voters

According to the Constitution, the president is required to (1) sign or veto bills passed by Congress (2) establish income tax rates (3) review Supreme Court decisions (4) raise money for political parties

(1) sign or veto bills passed by Congress

Base your answer to question 1 on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies. Map of Key shows European Settlers North American Colonies to 1650 Source: Garraty and McCaughey, The American Nation: A History of the United States to 1877, Harper & Row, 1987 (adapted) Which generalization is most clearly supported by the information provided by the map? (1) Most early European settlements were located west of the Appalachian Mountains. (2) Rivers and harbors played a major role in the location of early settlements. (3) Only Dutch colonists settled away from the Atlantic coast. (4) The Great Lakes were important shipping routes for the early settlers.

(2) Rivers and harbors played a major role in the location of early settlements.

Federal Land Grants to Railroads as of 1871 Besides land, the government provided loans of $16,000 for each mile built on level land, $32,000 for each mile built on hilly terrain, and $48,000 for each mile in high mountain country. Map titled Federal Land Grants to Railroads as of 1871 Land reserved for grants to railroads Approximate area of land actually received by railroads Source: Robert A. Divine et al., America Past and Present, Scott, Foresman and Company, 1987 (adapted) 14 Which conclusion is most clearly supported by the information in the map? (1) The belief in laissez-faire prevented the federal government from helping railroads. (2) The federal government promoted transcontinental railroad construction. (3) Western railroads generated little profit for their owners. (4) Railroad companies had to buy the land they needed for construction.

(2) The federal government promoted transcontinental railroad construction.

What was the primary objection of the Antifederalists to ratification of the Constitution? (1) They opposed a bicameral legislature. (2) They believed the rights of the people were not protected. (3) They feared a weak central government. (4) They wanted to give more power to the executive branch.

(2) They believed the rights of the people were not protected.

The United States and New York State constitutions establish republican forms of government because each provides for (1) a standing army (2) elected representative (3) control over the money supply (4) a system of implied powers

(2) elected representative

The second half of the 1800s, which development led to the other three? (1) expansion of political machines (2) growth of American cities (3) development of tenement housing (4) increase in crime

(2) growth of American cities

The creation of the Virginia House of Burgesses and the signing of the Mayflower Compact showed that American colonists (1) supported the abolition of slavery (2) practiced elements of self-government (3) promoted public education (4) demanded immediate independence

(2) practiced elements of self-government

During World War I, what was President Woodrow Wilson's purpose in outlining the Fourteen Points? (1) asking Congress for additional funding for the war effort (2) suggesting a peace plan to prevent future wars (3) proposing war crimes trials for leaders of enemy nations (4) calling for military alliances against aggressor nations

(2) suggesting a peace plan to prevent future wars

Base your answer to question 13 on the statement below and on your knowledge of social studies. ... The whole military force of the State is at the service of a Mr. Suttle, a slaveholder from Virginia, to enable him to catch a man whom he calls his property; but not a soldier is offered to save a citizen of Massachusetts from being kidnapped! Is this what all these soldiers, all this training, have been for these seventy-nine years past [since the beginning of the American Revolution]? Have they been trained merely to rob Mexico and carry back fugitive slaves to their masters?... — Henry David Thoreau, Independence Day speech at Framingham, Massachusetts 13 The author of this statement is expressing dissatisfaction with a provision included in the (1) Treaty of Ghent (1815) (2) Oregon Treaty of 1846 (3) Compromise of 1850 (4) Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)

(3) Compromise of 1850

Base your answer to question 4 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. ... We the General Assembly of Virginia do enact, that no man shall be compelled to frequent or support any religious Worship place or Ministry whatsoever, nor shall be enforced, restrained, molested, or burthened [burdened] in his body or goods, nor shall otherwise suffer on account of his religious opinions or belief, but that all men shall be free to profess, and by argument to maintain their opinions in matters of religion, and that the same shall in no wise [way] diminish, enlarge, or affect their civil capacities.... — Virginia General Assembly, 1779 4 The principle expressed in this proposed law was also contained in the (1) Zenger case decision (2) Albany Plan of Union (3) First amendment (4) Alien and Sedition Acts

(3) First amendment

Base your answer to question 18 on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies. WOMAN'S HOLY WAR Grand Charge on the Enemy's Works Source: Currier and Ives, c. 1874, Library of Congress (adapted) 18 This cartoon is expressing support for (1) the Populist crusade (2) woman's suffrage (3) national Prohibition (4) protective tariffs

(3) national Prohibition

Base your answer to question 10 on the excerpt from an address to the Cherokee Nation below and on your knowledge of social studies. Cherokees! The president of the United States has sent me, with a powerful army, to cause you, in obedience to the treaty of 1835, to join that part of your people who are already established in prosperity on the other side of the Mississippi.— Unhappily, the two years which were allowed for the purpose, you have suffered to pass away without following, and without making any preparations to follow; and now, or by the time that this solemn address shall reach your distant settlements, the emigration must be commenced in haste, but, I hope, without disorder. I have no power, by granting a further delay, to correct the error that you have committed. The full moon of May is already on the wane [decline]; and before another shall have passed away, every Cherokee man, woman, and child, in those states, must be in motion to join their brethren in the far west.... — General Winfield Scott, 1838 10 The immediate result of the action demanded in this passage was the (1) creation of the Underground Railroad (2) expansion of the rights of Native American Indians (3) start of the Trail of Tears march to the Oklahoma Territory (4) assimilation of Native American Indians into mainstream American culture

(3) start of the Trail of Tears march to the Oklahoma Territory

Which statement about President Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal is an opinion rather than a fact? (1) The Square Deal included policies to increase railroad regulation. (2) Consumer protection was an element of the Square Deal. (3) Square Deal policy made distinctions be- tween good and bad trusts. (4) The Square Deal was superior to any other president's program.

(4) The Square Deal was superior to any other president's program.

Which major issue was debated at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 and contributed directly to the start of the Civil War? (1) regulation of interstate commerce (2) setting of qualifications for federal office holders (3) length of presidential term of office (4) balance of power between the states and the national government

(4) balance of power between the states and the national government

Which two key principles of government are included in the Declaration of Independence? (1) majority rule and minority rights (2) universal suffrage and judicial independence (3) direct democracy and equality for women (4) consent of the governed and natural rights

(4) consent of the governed and natural rights

In the early 20th century, muckrakers were able to influence American society mainly by (1) organizing demonstrations in large cities (2) contributing to presidential election campaigns (3) lobbying members of Congress (4) exposing corruption in business and government

(4) exposing corruption in business and government

The Lewis and Clark expedition (1803-1806) was important because it (1) determined the route of the first trans- continental railroad (2) opened an all-water route to the Gulf of Mexico (3) removed the British threat from the Northwest Territory (4) increased understanding of the area included in the Louisiana Purchase

(4) increased understanding of the area included in the Louisiana Purchase

President Abraham Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction after the Civil War included (1) restoring the social conditions that existed before the war began (2) conducting trials for former Confederate leaders (3) destroying the economic and social power of the Southern planters (4) reuniting the nation as quickly as possible

(4) reuniting the nation as quickly as possible

After the Civil War, freedmen in the South had difficulty improving their economic condition because (1) literacy for formerly enslaved persons was prohibited. (2)migration of factory workers from Northern cities had created competition for jobs. (3)the federal government confiscated their 40- acres grants. (4)the system of sharecropping kept them in a cycle of poverty.

(4)the system of sharecropping kept them in a cycle of poverty.