Kaplan Endocrine System A

A client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes is placed on a 1,800 calorie/day diet. The nurse instructs the client which food is a suitable exchange for a pat of butter? a) 1/2 cup of milk b) 2 cups of yogurt c) 1/2 cup of cabbage d) 1 tbsp of mayonnaise

1 tbsp of mayonnaise

it is important for the nurse to monitor a client with Addison's disease for the development of which condition? a) Urinary retention b) Dysrhytmias c) Glycosuria d) Water intoxication

Dysrhytmias

A client is evaluated in the outpatient clinic for hypothyroidism. The nurse would expect the client to exhibit which symptom? a) Joint pain b) Urinary frequency c) Increasing fatigue d) Muscular twitching

Increasing fatigue

In teaching a client with Addison's disease about dietary needs, the nurse should emphasize the importance of consuming which nutrient? a) Potassium b) Sodium c) Magnesium d) Chloride

Sodium

The nurse instructs a client about insulin self-administration. It is MOST important for the nurse to make which statement? a) "You should rotate the injection sites." b) "Wipe the needle with alcohol prior to the injection." c) "Hold the hub of the needle when drawing up the medication." d) "Cool the insulin prior to injecting it."

You should rotate the injection sites.

In preparation for discharge, a nurse reviews the diabetic exchange list with a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nurse informs the client that a sandwich made with two slices of whole wheat bread, one slice of turkey, 1 tsp of mayonnaise, and two lettuce leaves is the equivalent of which exchanges? a) 1 bread exchange, 2 meat exchanges, 1/2 fat exchange, and 1 fruit exchange b) 2 bread exchanges, 1 meat exchange, 1 fat exchange, and 1 vegetable exchange c) 1 bread exchange, 2 meat exchanges, and 2 fat exchanges d) 2 bread exchanges, 1 meat exchange, 1 fat exchange, and 2 vegetable exchanges

2 bread exchanges, 1 meat exchange, 1 fat exchange, and 1 vegetable exchange

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Addison's disease. How would the nurse expect the client's skin to appear? a) Abnormally dark and pigmented b) Ruddy and oily c) Puffy d) Pale, dry, scaly

Abnormally dark and pigmented

The nurse cares for a client immediately after a thyroidectomy. It is MOST important for the nurse to contact the health care provider if which is observed? a) Change in quality of respirations b) Nausea and vomiting c) Poor intake of solid foods d) Dysphagia

Change in quality of respirations

On the day of discharge, the client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes says to the nurse, "Tell me again, what should I do if I develop a fever?" Which response by the nurse is BEST? a) "Increase your caloric intake and decrease your insulin dosage." b) "Discontinue taking insulin until after your febrile state has passed." c) "Continue taking insulin as prescribed." d) "Contact your physician to have the insulin dosage adjusted."

Continue taking insulin as prescribed

The nurse understands that which statement BEST describes the action of glucocorticoids? a) Prepare for "fight or flight" mechanism b) Regulate calcium metabolism c) Convert protein and fat into glucose d) Enhance musculoskeletal capacity

Convert protein and fat into glucose

Following a client's treatment for Addison's disease, the nurse plans for the client's discharge. The client asks the nurse how long the medication must be continued. The nurse's response should include which information? a) "For approximately 6 months." b) "For approximately 1 year." c) "Until the lab values are within normal limits." d) "For the rest of your life."

For the rest of your life.

The nurse understands which type of insulin has the longest duration of action? a) Regular b) Glargine c) NPH d) Humulin R

Glargine

The nurse recognizes which symptoms are characteristics of impending diabetics ketoacidosis? a) Hyperreflexia, Babinski reflex, numbness b) Hot, dry, flushed skin, excessive thirst, rapid pulse c) Hot flashes, severe hunger, bradycardia d) Profuse diaphoresis, headache, bradycardia

Hot, dry, flushed skin, excessive thirst, rapid pulse

The home care nurse instructs a client diagnosed with Addison's disease about precautions to avoid an Addisonian crisis. Which statement if made by the client to the nurse indicates that teaching is successful? a) "I should increase my salt intake during very hot weather." b) "I should decrease my caloric intake if I gain weight." c) "I should decrease my medication prior to going to the densits." d) "I should rest if I have problems with weakness."

I should increase my salt intake during very hot weather.

The nurse instructs a client about the correct way to administer insulin. Which statement, if made by the client to the nurse, requires a follow up? a) "I will use my abdomen for the morning injection." b) "I will inject insulin into my left arm prior to weight training." c) "I will carry hard candy with me at all times." d) "I will eat a piece of fruit prior to exercising."

I will inject insulin into my left arm prior to weight training.

The nurse assesses a client receiving levothyroxine sodium. Which indicates a favorable outcome to the nurse? a) Decreased blood pressure b) Increased urine output c) Decreased pulse rate d) Increased respiratory rate

Increased urine output

The nurse identifies the treatment of choice for severe ketoacidosis in a conscious person is which? a) Orange juice b) Candy c) Insulin d) Exercise

Insulin

The nurse knows that a blood sugar level of 40mg/dL indicates which condition? a) Ketoacidosis b) Normal serum blood glucose c) Insulin reaction d) Glycosuria

Insulin reaction

A client with hyperthyroidism tells the nurse of becoming very irritable. The nurse understands which about this symptom? a) Irritability is usually the result of temporary mental confusion b) Irritability is commonly observed in clients with hyperthyroidism c) Irritability fairly typical when a client thinks an illness is irreversible d) Irritability is frequently associated with decreasing serum thyroxine level

Irritability is commonly observed in clients with hyperthyroidism

The nurse cares for a client after a subtotal thyroidectomy. The nurse identifies that damage to the parathyroid gland is indicated by which symptom? a) Muscle flaccidity b) Numbness in the fingers c) Pain in the lower extremities d) Mental lethargy

Numbness in the fingers

The nurse instructs the client recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes about proper meal planning. Which action should the nurse take FIRST? a) Instruct the client about the importance of eating regular meals b) Inform the client that 50-60% of calories should come from carbohydrates c) Obtain a diet history that includes the client's favorite foods and usual meal patterns d) Teach the client how to use the Exchange List for Meal Planning

Obtain a diet history that includes the client's favorite foods and usual meal patterns

The nurse teaches a client diagnosed with Graves' disease about diet. The nurse determines that further teaching is required when the client selects which food?a) Brook trout b) Apples c) Milk d) Tea

Tea

The nurse counsels a client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The client states, "I don't think that I can follow this diet!" Which response by the nurse is MOST appropriate? a) "You have to follow the diet that your health care provider prescribed." b) "What makes you cheat on this diet?" c) "If you don't follow the diet, you might go blind." d) "Tell me what you find frustrating about the diet."

Tell me what you find frustrating about the diet.

The home care nurse monitors a client 7 days after a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. The nurse intervenes if which is observed? a) The client bends at the knee to pick up shoes b) The client eats a diet high in fiber and fluids c) The client brushes teeth morning and night d) The client uses a mirror to check the gums for bleeding

The client brushes teeth morning and night

The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse is MOST concerned if which is observed? a) The client's serum sodium level is 137 mEq/L b) The client is eating ice chips c) The client is oriented to person, place, and time. d) The client is lying in bed with the rails up

The client is eating ice chips

The nurse cares for a client with diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The health care provider prescribes vasopressin. The nurse determines that the medication is effective if which observation is made? a) The client's 24-hour urinary output is 5,000 mL b) The client's weight decreases by 4 pounds in a week c) The client complains of thirst d) The client's specific gravity is 1.015

The client's specific gravity is 1.015

A client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why "a pill" for diabetes can't be taken. Which BEST describes the action of oral hypoglycemic agents? a) They stimulate beta cells in the pancreas to release endogenous insulin b) They supply exogenous insulin, which enhances the transfer of glucose into cells c) They supply exogenous insulin, which restores efficient sugar and fat utilization d) They stimulate adipose tissue to release endogenous insulin

They stimulate beta cells in the pancreas to release endogenous insulin

The nurse in the outpatient clinic cares for a client with the diagnosis of Cushing's disease. The nurse should expect to observe which symptom? a) Weight loss b) Thin legs and arms c) Hypoglycemia d) Hypotension

Thin legs and arms

The nurse counsels a client about preparation for a subtotal thyroidectomy. The client asks the nurse why the health care provider has prescribed strong iodine solution. Which response by the nurse is BEST? a) "The medication will increase the release of thyroid hormone." b) "This medication will increase your basal metabolic rate (BMP)." c) "This medication will prevent postoperative hemorrhage." d) "This medication will prevent nervousness and anxiety."

This medication will prevent postoperative hemorrhage.

The nurse monitors the client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The client tells the nurse, "I job 30 minutes every day but today after my jog I felt nervous, hungry, and had tremors." Which statement by the nurse is BEST? a) "You should walk rather than jog." b) "How do you feel before you begin exercising?" c) "What do you think is causing these feelings? d) "You should eat cheese and crackers prior to jogging."

You should eat cheese and crackers prior to jogging