KAPLAN NURSING ENTRANCE EXAM-HOMEOSTASIS

list four examples of how the body maintains homeostasis

Regulation of body temperature, blood pressure, pH, and glucose concentration

the vasomotor center promotes what?

a rise in blood pressure. Once reached the center is no longer active.

what is negative feedback?

acts as opposite stimulus used to control homeostasis and maintain constant state.

what is positive feedback?

adds stimulus to the system. increase output and response. is not a way of maintaining homeostasis

the PH of the body is immediately regulated by?

chemical buffers

if blood PH becomes too acidic what happens?

chemoreceptors in the aortic and carotid arteries signal the respiratory center to increase breathing

how does the digestive system aid in homeostasis?

contributes nutrients to the blood while the excretory system removes waste.

how does the nervous and endocrine system aid in homeostasis?

exert the ultimate control over homeostasis because they coordinate the functions of the body's systems.

what are some controls the body has to keep homeostasis?

has both short-term and long-term to control bodily conditions. temperature control, the short-term measures include shivering and constriction of arteries to conserve body heat, and dilation of arteries along with sweating to lose body heat. A significant long-term measure to increase body temperature is an increase in thyroxin. Thyroxin raises the metabolic rate.

blood glucose levels are regulated by?

insulin

what happens if glucose levels become too high?

insulin is secreted

how is the hypothalamus involved in homeostasis?

is a regulatory center for body temp. but also involved in regulation of bp and breathing through its control over the medulla oblongata. directly controls the pituitary gland and indirectly controls the secretions of other glands, such as the thyroid and the adrenal cortex.

how does the circulatory system aid in homeostasis?

is critical to the internal environment in that tissue fluid is nourished and purified by the movement of small molecules across capillary walls. contributes nutrients to the blood, while the excrThe digestive system etory system removes wastes..

when the kidneys secrete renin what happens?

leads to a reabsorption of sodium and water. This results in an increase in blood volume and increases blood pressure

What is homeostasis?

mechanisms involved in maintaining of a stable environment. all body systems work together to respond to external and internal changes.

3 specific effectors utilized in the homeostasis of body temperature?

sweat glands, blood vessel dilation, muscles (shivering)

how does the respiratory system aid in homeostasis?

takes in oxygen and excretes carbon dioxide. Oxygen is used during cellular respiration and carbon dioxide is a waste product of cellular respiration

what is the control center for homeostasis?

the hypothalamus receives and interprets and acts on he messages sent from the receptors

If calcium levels decrease too much in the blood what happens?

the parathyroid glands activate their calcium-sensing receptors and release parathyroid hormone. PTH signals the bones to release calcium to increase the amount of calcium in the bloodstream.

two places that temperature receptors are located in the body?

the skin and brain

if calcium levels increase too much in the blood what happens?

the thyroid gland releases calcitonin and fixes more calcium in the bones. This decreases the amount of calcium in the blood.

a rapid elevation in blood pressure occurs when?

the vasomotor center stimulates the constriction of blood vessels and increases the heartbeat.