Kin 245 EXAM 3
Which of the following is not true regarding the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis
All are superficial and palpable except vastus medialis
Which of the following is not true regarding the hamstring muscle group?
Provides static stability to the knee joint
The hip joint is also known as the [x1] femoral joint.
acetabular
The rectus femoris has the following origin: anterior inferior iliac spine of the ilium and posterior groove above the [x1].
acetabulum
Movement of the femur in the frontal plane medially toward the midline is termed hip [x1].
adduction
The movements of the adductor brevis on the hip joint include [x1], external rotation, and flexion.
adduction
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: front of the inferior pubic ramus; insertion: lower two-thirds of the pectineal line of the femur and the upper half of the medial lip of the linea aspera.
adductor brevis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: edge of the entire pubic ramus and the ischium and ischial tuberosity; insertion: whole length of the linea aspera, inner condyloid ridge, and adductor tubercle.
adductor magnus
The origin of the gluteus maximus muscle is the posterior one-fourth of the crest of the ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum and ________ near the ilium, and fascia of the lumbar area.
coccyx
If desiring to emphasize work on the gluteus maximus during resisted hip extension exercises, the knee should be placed in _________. ?
extension
Movement of the posterior femur from any point toward the posterior pelvis in the sagittal plane is termed hip [x1].
extension
The action of the vastus intermedius on the knee joint is [x1].
extension
When contracted, the action of the vastus lateralis on the knee joint is [x1].
extension
Which of the following muscles can perform extension of the great toe when concentrically contracting?
extensor hallucis longus
Lateral rotary movement of the femur in the transverse plane around its longitudinal axis away from the midline is termed hip [x1].
external rotation
Rotary movement of the lower leg laterally away from the midline is termed [x1].
external rotation
The upper fibers of the gluteus maximus assist in hip abduction, whereas the lower fibers assist in adduction. Together these fibers also carry out hip extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and [x1] of the hip.
external rotation
The iliofemoral or Y ligament is located posteriorly and prevents hyperextension. ?
false
The popliteus originates on the medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle.
false
The semimembranosus inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle.
false
The semimembranosus inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle. ?
false
The biceps femoris has the following insertion: [x1] of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia.
head
The insertion of the iliopsoas muscle is the pectineal line and the _____ eminence, lesser trochanter of the femur, and the shaft just below. ?
iliopectineal
The origin of the _______ muscle is the lower borders of the transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5), inner surface of the ilium, sides of the bodies of the last thoracic vertebra (T12), all the lumbar vertebrae (L1-5), intervertebral fibrocartilages, and base of sacrum. ?
iliopsoas
The primary movements of the semitendinosus on the hip joint include extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and [x1
internal rotation
The primary movements of the semitendinosus on the hip joint include extension, posterior pelvic rotation, and [x1].
internal rotation
The vastus lateralis has the following insertion: [x1] border of the patella and patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity.
lateral
The gluteus medius muscle is located ________ and performs ________ of the hip joint. ?
laterally, abduction
The biceps femoris short head has the following origin: lower half of the [x1], and lateral condyloid ridge.
linea aspera
The vastus medialis has the following origin: whole length of the [x1] and medial condyloid ridge.
linea aspera
The semimembranosus has the following insertion: posteriomedial surface of the [x1] tibial condyle.
medial
The rectus femoris is more powerful in extending the knee when the hip is in _____.
not flexion
Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the base of the 5th metatarsal?
peroneus tertius
The biceps femoris muscle is located ________ and performs _______ of the hip joint. ?
posteriorly, extension
Agonist muscles during hip extension include all of the following except the? ?
sartorius
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: anterior superior iliac spine and notch just below the spine; insertion: anterior medial surface of the tibia just below the condyle.
sartorius
The rectus femoris has the following insertion: superior aspect of the patella and patella tendon to the [x1] tuberosity.
tibial
The most prominent tendon crossing the ankle anteromedially and the easiest to palpate is the _____.
tibialis anterior
The two pelvic bones join to form the amphiarthrodial joint referred to as the symphysis pubis. ?
true
Tibialis anterior performs dorsal flexion of the ankle in the sagittal plane.
true
The external oblique abdominal inserts on the _____.
Anterior half of crest of ilium, inguinal ligament, crest of pubis, and fascia of rectus abdominis at lower front
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior surface of the medial femoral condyle (medial head), posterior surface of the lateral femoral condyle (lateral head); insertion: posterior surface of the calcaneus through the Achilles tendon.
gastrocnemius
The iliopsoas muscle is located ______ and performs _______ of the hip joint. ?
anteriorly, flexion
The pectineus muscle is located ______ and performs _____ of the hip joint. ?
anteriorly, flexion
Which of the following muscles externally rotates the knee?
bicep femoris
Metatarsophalangeal joints are classified as [x1] joints.
condyloid
Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?
covered by vastus facia
Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?
decreases stability
The main actions of the extensor digitorum longus at the ankle joint are extension of the four lesser toes, [x1], and eversion.
dorsiflexion
The primary actions of the peroneus tertius at the ankle joint include [x1] and eversion.
dorsiflexion
he hip joint is classified as a [x1] joint that consists of the head of the femur connecting with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle.
enarthrodial
With the exception of the glenohumeral joint, the acetabular femoral joint is the least mobile joint of the body. ?
false
The popliteus has the following origin: posterior surface of the lateral condyle of the [x1].
femur
The vastus intermedius has the following origin: upper two-thirds of the anterior surface of the [x1].
femur
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: middle one-third of the posterior surface of the tibia; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of each of the four lesser toes.
flexor digitorum longus
Which of the following muscles can perform flexion of the four lesser toes when concentrically contracting?
flexor digitorum longus
Which of the following muscles has its insertion on the base of the distal phalanx of each of the four lesser toes?
flexor digitorum longus
Which of the following muscles can perform flexion of the great toe when concentrically contracting?
flexor hallucis longus
The semimembranosus has the following origin: [x1] tuberosity.
ischial
The semitendinosus has the following origin: [x1] tuberosity.
ischial
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: anteromedial edge of the descending ramus of the pubis; insertion: anterior medial surface of the tibia below the condyle.
gracilis
The ankle joint, technically known as the talocrural joint, is a [x1] joint.
hinge
Turning the ankle and foot inward in adduction toward the midline is termed subtalar [x1].
inversion
Movement of the ankle and foot away from the tibia is termed [x1]
plantar flexion
Which of the following muscles is not strengthened to any substantial degree by sit-ups?
quadratus lumborium
In performing lateral flexion against gravity such as in a lateral sit-up, which of the following muscles would be least effective?
rectus abdominis
he [x1] has the following attachments- origin: crest of the pubis; insertion: cartilage of the 5-7 ribs and xiphoid process.
rectus abdominis
The movements of the quadratus lumborum on the spine include lateral flexion and [x1].
rotation
Which of the following muscles internally rotates the knee?
semimembranosus
The ________ process can be palpated on the posterior surface of the spine when it is flexed:
spinous
Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following except?
tensor fascia latae
The popliteus has the following insertion: upper posterior medial surface of the [x1].
tibia
The semitendinosus has the following insertion: upper anterior medial surface of the [x1] just below the condyle.
tibia
The atlantoaxial joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae is classified as a [x1] joint.
trochoid
Sit-ups are an excellent exercise for strengthening the erector spinae muscles.
true
Spinal flexion is defined as anterior movement of the spine where the head moves toward chest and the thorax moves toward pelvis.
true
The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.
true
The iliotibial tract of the tensor fasciae latae inserts on Gerdy's tubercle.
true
The knee joint is the largest joint in the body.
true
The rectus abdominis muscle can control the tilt of the pelvis when contracting.
true
Which of the following is correct regarding the patellofemoral joint?
Classified as an arthrodial type joint
The internal oblique abdominal inserts on the _____.
Costal cartilage of 8th, 9th, and 10th ribs and linea alba
Movement of the femur in the frontal plane laterally to the side away from the midline is termed hip [x1].
abduction
The primary movements of the sartorius at the hip joint include flexion, anterior pelvic rotation, external rotation, and [x1].
abduction
Which of the following is not an action of the pectineus muscle? ?
abduction of the hip
Which of the following does not contribute to the relative stability of the acetabular femoral joint? ?
rich nervous innervation
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: manubrium of the sternum, anterior superior surface of the medial clavicle; insertion: mastoid process.
sternocleidomastoid
The insertion of the rectus femoris muscle is the _______ aspect of the patella and the patellar tendon to the tibial tuberosity. ?
superior
The vastus lateralis provides a _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.
superolateral
Most of the rotation within the cervical region occurs in the joint between ______.
C1 and C2
The movements of the pectineus on the hip include flexion, [x1], and external rotation.
adduction
The primary movements of the gracilis on the hip joint include [x1], flexion, and internal rotation.
adduction
The _____ vertebrae serve as a link between the thoracic spine-rib cage and the head.
cervical
Nearly all movement of the spinal column takes place within the two supportive structures known as the _____ and ________.
cervical and lumbar
Which of the following muscles would be most effective in performing anterior pelvic rotation?
erector spinae
Movement of the toes away from the plantar surface of the foot is termed toe [x1].
extension
The movements of the quadratus lumborum on the spine include lateral flexion and [x1].
extension
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: middle two-thirds of the medial surface of the anterior fibula; insertion: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe.
extensor hallucis longus
All of the erector spinae muscles run horizontally parallel to the spinal column.
false
Six pairs of ribs attach directly to the sternum via a separate costal cartilage.
false
The horizontal indentations that transect the rectus abdominis, giving it a segmented appearance is the linea alba.
false
The medial malleolus is an anatomical landmark located on the fibula.
false
The only muscle involved in extending all of the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the four lesser toes is the extensor digitorum longus.
false
The posterior portion of the trunk contains the abdominal muscles.
false
Anterior movement of the spine in the sagittal plane; where the head moves toward the chest, and the thorax moves toward the pelvis is termed spinal [x1].
flexion
Movement of the anterior femur from any point toward the anterior pelvis in the sagittal plane is termed hip [x1].
flexion
Movement of the toes toward the plantar surface of the foot is termed toe [x1].
flexion
The primary movements of the biceps femoris at the knee joint include [x1], and external rotation.
flexion
The primary movements of the iliacus at the hip joint include [x1] and external rotation.
flexion
When contracted, the actions of the rectus abdominis on the spine include lumbar [x1] and lateral flexion.
flexion
When the semitendinosus contracts, the resultant movement to the knee joint is [x1], and internal rotation.
flexion
The primary movements of the gluteus minimus at the hip joint include abduction and [x1].
flexion of hip
Which of the following is the correct order starting from the most posterior aspect of the distal lower leg/ankle and moving medially?
flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: posterior one-fourth of the crest of the ilium, posterior surface of the sacrum and coccyx near the ilium, and fascia of the lumbar area; insertion: oblique ridge on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter and the iliotibial band of the fasciae latae.
gluteus maximus
The erector spinae [x1] has the following attachments- origin: medial iliac crest, thoracolumbar aponeurosis from the sacrum, posterior ribs three through twelve; insertion: posterior ribs one through twelve, cervical four through seven transverse processes.
iliocostalis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: upper half of the inguinal ligament, anterior two-thirds of the crest of the ilium, and lumbar fascia; insertion: costal cartilage of the 8-10 ribs and linea alba.
internal oblique abdominal
Medial rotary movement of the femur in the transverse plane around its longitudinal axis toward the midline is termed hip [x1].
internal rotation
When contracted, the action of the popliteus on the knee joint includes flexion and [x1].
internal rotation
Which of the following is not considered to be a large abdominal muscle?
lateral abdominus
The actions of the splenius capitis on the spine include extension, rotation, and [x1].
lateral flexion
The primary actions of the erector spinae longisimus on the spine include extension, [x1], and rotation.
lateral flexion
Which of the following muscles would not be concentrically active when attempting to place the right ear on the right shoulder while lying on the left side?
left sternocleidomastoid
The _____ vertebrae serve as a link between the pelvic girdle and the thoracic spine-rib cage.
lumbar
Of the four abdominal muscles, which is a prime mover in lateral pelvic rotation from a hanging overhead by the hands position?
not internal abdominal oblique
The action of the tibialis posterior on the ankle joint is [x1].
plantar flexion
When contracted, the actions of the peroneus brevis include eversion and [x1].
plantar flexion
When contracted, the flexor hallucis longus has the following actions on the ankle joint: flexion of the great toe, [x1], and inversion.
plantar flexion
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: crest of the pubis; insertion: cartilage of the 5-7 ribs and xiphoid process.
rectus abdominis
Return movement from lateral flexion to neutral in the frontal plane is termed [x1].
reduction
The actions of the external oblique abdominal on the spine include lumbar flexion, lateral flexion, and [x1].
rotation
The main actions of the sternocleidomastoid include head extension, flexion, [x1], and lateral flexion.
rotation
The insertion of the _________ muscle is the posteromedial surface of the medial tibial condyle. ?
semimembranosus
Which of the following is not considered to be one of the quadriceps muscle group?
semitendinosus
The erector spinae [x1] has the following attachments- origin: ligamentum nunchae, 7th cervical spinous process, thoracic 11 and 12 spinous processes, and lumbar 1 and 2 spinous processes; insertion: second cervical spinous process, thoracic 5-12 spinous processes, occipital bone.
spinalis
From medial to lateral the erector spinae muscles are the ________.
spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: lower half of the ligamentum nunchae and the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper three or four thoracic vertebrae; insertion: mastoid process and occipital bone.
splenius capitis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: spinous processes of the third through sixth thoracic vertebrae; insertion: transverse processes of the first three cervical vertebrae.
splenius cervicis
The [x1] has the following attachments- origin: anterior iliac crest and surface of the ilium just below the crest; insertion: one-fourth of the way down the thigh into the iliotibial tract.
tensor fasciae latae
Which of the following statements is not true regarding the tibiofibular joint?
the interosseus membrane is located around the tibia and fibula shafts to provide support
Which of the following muscles can perform inversion of the foot when concentrically contracting?
tibialis anterior
A sideward deviation of the spine is known as scoliosis.
true
A substantial number of low back problems are caused by improper use of the back over time.
true
All three of the vasti muscles of quadriceps originate on proximal femur and insert on patellar superior pole.
true
Dorsiflexion is the dorsal aspect of the foot moving toward the anterior tibia.
true
Each thoracic vertebrae has one pair of ribs that attaches to it laterally.
true
Each toe has three phalanxes except for the great toe which has only two.
true
Functions of the abdominal muscles include assisting in spinal stabilization and respiration.
true
The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.
true
The linea alba runs vertically from the xiphoid process through the umbilicus to the pubis and divides the rectus abdominis
true
The location of the erector spinae muscles enables them to extend spine and assist in rotation and lateral flexion.
true
The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension. ?
true
The right and left pelvis are joined together by the sacrum at the right and left sacroiliac joints. ?
true
The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all insert just below the medial condyle on upper anteromedial tibial surface. ?
true
The semimembranosus is located posteromedially and internally rotates the knee.
true