KIN 328 Final Exam
During the maximum-velocity phase of sprinting, an athlete is bending forward, with her head in front of her shoulders, and with a forward curvature of her upper back. Which of the following recommendations should optimize her performance during this phase of the sprint? · "Keep your head behind your body's center of gravity." · "Lean forward even more." · "Maintain your current body position." · "Take a more upright position resembling running tall."
"Take a more upright position resembling running tall."
In a strength and conditioning facility, what should the minimum space be between the floor and the bottom edge of a mirror attached to the wall? · 12 inches (30 cm) · 16 inches (41 cm) · 20 inches (51 cm) · 24 inches (61 cm)
20 inches (51 cm)
Which of the following events recruits fast-twitch muscle fibers the MOST? · 200 m (219 yd) running spring · 400 m (437 yd) swimming sprint · 1,600 m (1,750 yd) distance run · 10,000 m (6.2 mi) distance swim
200 m (219 yd) running spring
Which of the following tests is the BEST indicator of a softball player's ability to run the bases? · 40-yard (37 m) sprint · 300-yard (274 m) shuttle run · hexagon test · vertical jump
40-yard (37 m) sprint
An elite 10 km (6.2 mi) cross-country runner who weighs 154 pounds (70 kg) should consume approximately how many grams of carbohydrate per day? · 154 g · 350 g · 630 g · 1,232 g
630g
The molecule primarily responsible for providing direct energy for the work of the cells is · creatine phosphate · carnitine diphosphate · guanine triphosphate · adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine Triphosphate
Gas exchange in the lungs occurs at which of the following sites? · Alveoli · arterioles · bronchi · venules
Alveoli
During the biceps curl exercise, the triceps brachii acts as · a prime mover · a synergist · an agonist · an antagonist
Antagonist
The latissimus dorsi is trained by the lat pulldown exercise. Which five of the following muscle groups are also trained by the lat pulldown exercise? (Circle the 5 that apply.) a. anterior deltoid b. biceps brachii c. rectus abdominis d. hip flexors e. middle trapezius f. pectoralis major g. posterior deltoid h. rhomboids i. teres major j. triceps brachii
Biceps brachii Middle trapezius Posterior Deltoid Rhomboids Teres Major
Which of the following ions regulates a muscle contraction? · potassium · calcium · hydrogen · sodium
Calcium
Athletes should devote the majority of their training time to practicing sport-specific techniques during which of the following periodization training periods? · preparatory · first transition · competition · second transition
Competition
Dynamically pre-stretching a muscle is associated with which type of subsequent muscle action? · Concentric · eccentric · isometric · kinesthetic
Concentric
. If energy must be generated at a high rate, such as during sprinting, pyruvate will be converted into which substrate? · acetyl-CoA · creatine phosphate · lactate · muscle glycogen
Creatine phosphate
All of the following are outcomes for a 70-year-old male who follows a resistance training program for 10 weeks EXCEPT · decreased muscle fiber size · decreased risk of osteoporosis · increased muscular endurance · increased resting metabolic rate
Decreased muscle fibre size
Which of the following decreases as a result of acute aerobic exercise? · cardiac output · diastolic blood pressure · oxygen uptake · systolic blood pressure
Diastolic blood pressure
When an athlete performs the pull-up exercise, when should he exhale? · before beginning the exercise · during the upward movement phase · at the highest body position · during the downward movement phase
During the upward movement phase
Two days ago, after Jack completed his cycling workout at an average speed of 18 mph (29 km/hr), his breathing rate was elevated. Today, under the same conditions, after Jack completed his cycling workout at an average speed of 10 mph (16 km/hr), his breathing rate was elevated once again. What state or condition explains this phenomenon? · anaerobic threshold · EPOC · lactate threshold · oxygen deficit
EPOC
Which of the following strategies for carbohydrate loading will result in the highest glycogen stores? · Eat a high-carbohydrate diet and reduce training volume for one day before the race. · Eat a low-carbohydrate diet and maintain training volume for one day before the race. · Eat a high-carbohydrate diet and reduce training volume for three days before the race. · Eat a low-carbohydrate diet and maintain training volume for three days before the race.
Eat a high-carbohydrate diet and reduce training volume for three days before the race
After 8 weeks of following a resistance training program, a 10-year-old boy can lift significantly heavier loads than he could lift previously in the chest press and leg press exercises. Which of the following explains his increased muscular strength? · enhanced neural adaptations · improved body composition · muscle hyperplasia · muscle hypertrophy
Enhanced Neural Adaptations
Which of the following performance-enhancing substances are banned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)? · beta-alanine · creatine · ephedrine · glucosamine
Ephedrine
Which of the following substances stimulates the production of new red blood cells? · Erythropoietin · HMB · L-carnitine · Sodium bicarbonate
Erythropoietin
In which of the following periodization phases does higher-volume, lower-intensity training change to lower-volume, higher-intensity training? · preparatory · first transition · competition · active rest
First transition
Which of the following is an example of a high-quality protein food? · kidney beans · free-range eggs · whole almonds · steel-cut oatmeal
Free-range eggs
Which of the following describes the bar path for the snatch exercise? · from the floor to the front of the shoulders · from the floor to an overhead position · from the floor to waist height · from the front of the shoulders to an overhead position
From the floor to an overhead position
Blood flow through the heart always moves in which direction? a. from the right atrium to the left atrium b. from the left ventricle to the right ventricle c. from the right atrium to the right ventricle d. from the left ventricle to the left atrium
From the right atrium to the right ventricle
Which of the following exercises is a closed kinetic-chain exercise? · front squat · lat pulldown · leg (knee) curl · shoulder press
Front Squat
Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for causing plantar flexion during the standing calf (heel) raise exercise? · anterior tibialis · gastrocnemius · soleus · tensor fasciae latae
Gastrocnemius
A mechanical advantage that requires less muscular force than resistive force has a value of · The answer cannot be determined based on the details in the question · less than 1 · equal to 1 · greater than 1
Greater than 1
Which of the following occurs during the countermovement for the double-leg tuck jump exercise? · hip flexion · knee extension · plantar flexion · shoulder flexion
Hip flexion
Growth hormone has which of the following effects on the body? · decreased blood glucose levels · decreased lean body mass · increased bone growth · increased serum amino acid concentration
Increased bone growth
What type of action involves a muscle contracting without causing any movement in the associated limbs? · concentric · dynamic · eccentric · isometric
Isometric
Oxygenated blood is found in the chambers on which side of the heart? a. left b. right
Left
The blood in the chambers of which side of the heart holds the greatest amount of oxygen? · left side · right side · Each side has the same amount · Either the left side or the right side depending on the activity
Left side
Which of the following characteristics describes slow-twitch muscle fibers? · high contraction speed · low power output · high anaerobic enzyme content · low resistance to fatigue
Low power output Low resistance to fatigue
The structure in the cell that is responsible for using oxygen to produce energy is the · mitochondrion · nucleus · sarcoplasm · sarcoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondrion
Compared to venous blood leaving the working muscles, blood in the arteries and arterioles feeding the working muscles will have a. less oxygen and more carbon dioxide b. more oxygen and less carbon dioxide c. more oxygen and more carbon dioxide d. the same amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide
More oxygen and less carbon dioxide
If one of the players on a basketball team makes two free throws at the end of practice, the team does not have to run sprints. This feedback is an example of · negative reinforcement · positive reinforcement · negative punishment · positive punishment
Negative reinforcement
An athlete you are training says that lately she is really tired, has trouble sleeping, and feels her heart racing even while resting. When you ask, she says that for the past several months she added four more weekly workouts to the workout schedule you gave her. What is the likely cause of her symptoms? · delayed-onset muscle soreness · overtraining · supercompensation · a respiratory virus
Overtraining
Which of the following energy systems produces the LOWEST capacity of ATP? · fast glycolysis · slow glycolysis · oxidative · phosphagen
Phosphagen
102.Julie is a 25-year-old former collegiate soccer player who regularly does interval training. Her favorite workout is always the sprint workout, where she runs eight 150-meter sprints with each sprint lasting 25 seconds. Julie rests for 75 seconds between each sprint. What are the primary energy systems that Julie uses during this type of exercise? a. phosphagen and glycolysis b. phosphagen and oxidative c. glycolysis and oxidative d. all systems to about the same extent
Phosphagen and glycolysis
Oxygen-rich blood is found in which structure? a. pulmonary artery b. pulmonary vein
Pulmonary Vein
Sprinting uphill is an example of which type of training? · active sprinting · assisted sprinting · resisted sprinting · reactive sprinting
Resisted sprinting
Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton? · clavicle · metacarpal · pelvis · rib
Rib
The anatomical plane that divides the body into right and left halves is called the · diagonal plane · frontal plane · sagittal plane · transverse plane
Sagittal plane
What type of plyometric drill is the double-leg vertical jump? · depth jumps · jumps in place · multiple hops and jumps · standing jumps
Standing jumps
As an athlete changes body position to change directions, which of the following movements should be avoided? · stiff-legged braking · high-velocity eccentric actions · pushing the ground away with each step · a low center of mass
Stiff-legged braking
Which of the following is a component of the Fick equation? · systolic pressure · stroke volume · minute ventilation · diastolic pressure
Stroke Volume Fick: VO2= Q x a-VO2difference Q=Cardiac Output= HR x SV
Which of the following exercises involves a first-class lever? · dumbbell biceps curl · lateral raise · leg (knee) curl · triceps pushdown
Triceps pushdown
Chloe is sprinting at top speed while training for the 100 meter (109 yd) dash. Which fiber type is she predominantly using for this activity? · Type I · Type Ic · Type Ia · Type IIX
Type IIX
Which of the following substances is the MOST important for athletic performance? · carbohydrate · fat · protein · water
Water
Which of the following characteristics describes a motor unit? · can adjust its force production based on the size of the action potential · can react at varying speeds based on the magnitude of the stimulus · contains one motor neuron for each muscle fiber · contains the same type of muscle fibers
contains the same type of muscle fibres
When scheduling the strength and conditioning facility, which of the following teams normally has priority? · the baseball team during their postseason · the basketball team during their preseason · the soccer team during their postseason · the volleyball team during their competition season
the volleyball team during their competition season
