Lab 22- General Sensations

leaning on your elbows; is it exteroceptor or interoceptor; name the specific receptor type

lamellar corpuscles-exteroceptor proprioceptors- interoceptor

which two body areas tested were most sensitive to touch

lips and fingertips

why would it be dangerous to be without cutaneous sense organs?

many external stimuli (heat, cold, pressure) which can threaten homeostasis might go undetected and proper protective measures might not be taken

where was referred pain felt when the elbow was immersed in ice water during the laboratory experiment

medial aspect of hand (medical aspect of upper arm)

why is the non adaptability of pain receptors important

pain is a warning of actual or potential tissue damage

which cutaneous receptors are the most numerous

pain receptors

someon steps on your foot; is it exteroceptor or interoceptor; name the specific receptor type

pain receptors and lamellar corpuscles both exteroceptors

What was shown by the two point discrimination test?

relative density of touch receptors in various body areas (lips, fingertips, ect)

where would referred pain appear if the following organs were receiving painful stimuli gallbladder, kidneys, and appendix

right inferior thorax

what region of the cerebrum interprets the kind and intensity of stimuli that cause cutaneous sensations

somatosensory association cortex

How do sensory receptors act as transducers?

they convert other energy typed eg. pressure (mechanical energy) to the electrical nerve impulse

which two body areas tested were least sensitive to touch

ventral forearm and back of neck

bulbous corpuscle, lamellar corpuscle, tendon organ, tactile corpuscle; which is the "odd" receptor out

Tendon organ because it is not a cutaneous receptor.

define punctate distribution

having specific localization of found at certain discrete points

Exteroceptor; location and stimulus source

at or close to the body surface; stimuli in external environment

Interoceptor location and stimulus source

in viscera or deep in body tissues; internal stimuli

why is it advantageous to have pain receptors that are sensitive to all vigorous stimuli, whether heat, cold, or pressure

because all of these stimuli, if excessive, cause tissue damage

what is the probable explanation for referred pain?

both the site of referred pain and the visceral region receiving the actual painful stimulus are innervated by different sensory neurons that then stimulate the same interneurons in a specific spinal segment of the cord. these sensations are then interpreted by the somatosensory cortex

the "too full" sensation; is it exteroceptor or interoceptor; name the specific receptor type

interoceptor- visceral receptors (stretch)

doing sit ups; is it exteroceptor or interoceptor; name the specific receptor type

interoceptor-proprioceptors

define a stimulus

change in the environment of a sensory receptor

define adaption of sensory receptors

decline in receptor sensitivity and stimulation with prolonged unchanging stimuli

Backing into a sun-heated iron railing; is it exteroceptor or interoceptor; name the specific receptor type

exteroceptor

seasick; is it exteroceptor or interoceptor; name the specific receptor type

exteroceptor- equilibrium apparatus of the inner ear

reading a book; is it exteroceptor or interoceptor; name the specific receptor type

exteroceptor- rods/cones of the eye (photoreceptors)

tendon organ, muscle spindle, hair follicle receptor, and free nerve endings; which is the "odd" receptor out

free nerve endings. the other three receptors are found closely associated with a specific structure and are also very specialized in their functions

define referred pain

when pain is perceived as coming from a site other than that receiving the painful stimulus