Lab Exam 1-4

Describe what is meant by the anatomical position. Why is it important to examine the body in this position?

Anatomical position- body erect facing forward with arms at sides with palms facing forward. Feet are together with toes pointing forward. It is important because the anatomical position is used universally, and it is easy to see all of the part of the body in this position

Which anatomical plane - frontal, transverse, or sagittal - is better?

Frontal, because it is a cut that divides the body into anterior and posterior sections, allowing you to see all of the organs.

Why is knowing a microscope's field of view diameter helpful?

If the field of view is known, then you can estimate the size of the structure

Explain interphase and the four phases of mitosis. What are the important steps/processes that take place in each stage? You may use pictures and/or words to answer this question.

Interphase- the state where the cell is not dividing Prophase-In this stage the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. Metaphase-the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and become connected to the spindle fiber at their centromere. Anaphase- sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are pulled apart. Telophase-chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct rod-like shapes. Two new nuclear membranes then form around each of the two regions of DNA and the spindle fibers disappear. Cytokinesis-With two complete copies of the DNA now in two different regions of one cell, the cell membrane will pinch and divide the cytoplasm in half. The result is two individual cells that are identical to the original cell. Each of the two new cells have a complete copy of the DNA and contain all of the organelles that the original cell had.

What causes phospholipids to form a bilayer in an aqueous environment?

It prevents the hydrophobic heads from touching the water, while allowing the hydrophilic heads to be around water

What happens if you "overstain" a wet mount preparation of cells?

It will cause the cells to not show up

Explain what causes the smell of a scented candle to spread through a room

The candle is lit and the sent begins to rise and bump into other particles in the air which causes it to slowly move across the room which is known as diffusion.

How is it possible for an organ to be superior, anterior, AND medial to another, all at the same time? Give an example

The organ is above another organ, closer to the front than another organ, and closer to the midline than another organ. Directly in the middle of the body. The heart would be an example.

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what will be the direction of the flow of water? Why? How do you know?

The water will leave the cell because the water will want to move away from the salt and towards the other water.