Lals-1: Unit 0-4

In the article the Subtle Racism of Latin America, Carlos Moore attributes Latin American racial hierarchy to which factors?

To the time when Arabs controlled the Iberian peninsula, homeland of the Spanish and Portuguese colonialism in the Americas

In the Subtle racism of Latin America Carlos Moore argues that there is a Latin American "philosophy of eugenics" what does this philosophy encourages?

Unilateral sexual commingling between white or [light-skinned] males and the females of the physically conquered and socially inferior race.

According to the film race the power of an illusion: how much "genetic variation" exists among different human populations?

extremely small genetic variation and we are among the most similar of all species.

What best defines what ethnicity is?

it is defined by how a person is raised and learns the language, norms, customs, practices of a particular social group. You are not born with an ethnic identity you learn it.

From the Film Race the Power of an Illusion When Frederick Hofmann presented his statistical findings on disease and mortality rates between Blacks and Whites as "unimpeachable science" of his "extinction theory." But data analysis was flawed because he ignored to include what factor in analysis of the date?

the insidious effects of poverty and social neglect on health.

In book Cultural Politics o Race and Ethnicity In the late 19th Century, what were the beliefs that emerged from scientific racism around racial difference?

whites were more evolved than nonwhites

Choose the best definition for Assimilation.

Is a process in which foreigners learn and adapt to a native's culture while they are letting go of their home country culture.

Which statement below best defines social darwinism?

It based on the idea that there are groups in society that are more evolved than other. The British and the United States used it in order to justify the conquering and subjugation of people all over the world.

According to Carlos Moore in the article the Subtle Racism of Latin American, in countries like the United States if a person had one drop of African blood, you were considered black. How did he describe the "one drop rule" in Latin America's racial hierarchy?

One drop of white blood makes you white

From the article This Land is Our Land: What was the name of the first immigration Law aimed at excluding a particular population from entering and becoming citizens of the U.S.?

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

What is the objective of Blanqueamiento

To engage in social and racial upward mobility by marrying with someone and having children who are lighter skin from on generation to the next,

What is the label that was given to the child whose parents were indigenous and white?

Mestizo

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion: What are some of the ways that science has tried to explain race and racial difference throughout history?

-Facial angels to illustrate the proximity of humans to the primitive -Calibrated skull size to measure superior or inferior intelligence -Measures of eye shape, hair form, even brain color

According to the Cultural Politics of Race and Ethnicity, how does a Aymara Indian from Bolivia who moves from the countryside to the city tries to engage in "Racial Passing" and avoid being categorized as "Indian"?

-Perm his hair -abandon poncho and rubber soles sandals -reject use of Aymara language

What reasons explain the presence of Latinos and Latinas in the United States?

-Political Refuge -Economic Opportunities -Conquest and U.S. Expansion

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion How many states passed laws forbidding inter-racial marriage to safeguard white racial purity?

28 states

Based on the Naturalization law of 1790 who can become a citizen of the United States?

A free white person

What best defines a torna atras

A racial label that identified a child that was perceived to be moving away from Blanqueamiento and into the Indigenous or Afican identities.

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion How did society steeped in the racial science of the 1930s reconcile the thesis of Black racial inferiority with Jesse Owens winning four gold medals in the 1936 Olympics?

By conceding innate athletic superiority to African Americans while denying them so-called civilized capacities such as intelligence.

From the film Race the Power of an Illusion: Fredrick Hoffmann theory of extinction what racial group was destined to become extinct?

African Americans

From the article This Land is Our Land: What was the view of Native Americans who had assimilated during the colonial era in the U.S.?

As a potentially subversive and dangerous force.

In Race the Power of an Illusion What were Hofmann prescriptions based on his conclusion that AfricanAmericans weree "innately infirm"?

Attempts to improve their housing, health and education would be futile.

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion How is Eugenics defined and what was its purpose?

Based on simple Mendelian genetics it was believed that one gene from the father and the mother gave rise to any trait, physical, behavioral and even moral. Its aim was to breed the best and the brightest, always white, and to breed out society's worst and weakest of all colors.

Hispanics or Latinos/as are identified in the United States as a racial group.

False

What is one of the ways that foreigners are viewed by natives throughout the history of the United States?

Foreigners are seen as a threat to society because they bring with their their backward culture and traditions, their diseases and social problems.

What answer best defines what race is?

It is a social, cultural and historical construction based on a person's physical appearance. It has no scientific validity. It is a myth that is produced and reproduced in order to establish a power structure based on skin tone, facial features, hair textures, etc.

Choose the best definition for Assimilation.

It is a theory that expands on Charles Darwin's theory by adding the important of social factors to the evolution of the species in the natural world.

In This Land is Our Land: On May 26, 1924, the United States created a permanent limit on immigration by establishing a nationality origins quota system. What immigrants groups did they intend to keep from entering the U.S.?

Jews, Slavs, and Italians.

According to the Subtle Racism in Latin America article, what was the view around inter-racial sexual relationships within the Iberian-Latin American racial hierarchy?

More permissive if it went towards the more light-skinned racial hierarchy.

What political movement in Europe used eugenics to justify genocide?

Nazis

What have been the two attitudes that have revealed themselves in the public debate about immigration to the United States?

Open generosity vs. nativism and racism

In the Film Race the Power of an Illusion Who were Slavs, Jews and Italian immigrants seen by White American society?

Promiscuous, lazy, stupid

In the article Cultural Politics of Race, what are the two most important factors in determining acceptable marriage partners within the Latin American family?

Race and Class

From to the film Race the Power of an illusion: Which of this statements about the meaning of race is true?

Race is not based in biology, but rather an idea that we ascribe to biology.

According to the "Fabrication of Race" what two historical "key actors" have played a role in "the creation and enforcement of these public fictions called races"?

Science and the State

What treaty gave Mexicans after 1848 the right to become citizens of the United States?

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion How were southern and Eastern Europeans and Jew seen racially.

They're seen as an "in between group" between the Anglo Saxon and African Americans. Not fully White.

Are the following statements true or false: " Because modern humans first evolved in Africa, there is even greater genetic diversity in Africa than elsewhere." "if there were a catastrophe which destroyed the rest of the world's population most of the genetic variability in the world would still be present in Sub-Saharan Africa."

True

Based on our definition of race Is the following statement true or false: "White people are made not born."

True

From the Film Race the Power of an Illusion, Is the following statement true or false? "Physical Differences don't make race. What makes race are the laws and practices that affect life chances and opportunities based on those differences."

True

From the film Race the Power of an Illusion. Are the following statements true or false: "Lots of things are inherited that have nothing to do with genes. Money is inherited. Money goes a long way in increasing someone's capacity to do well in one area or another." "The net worth of a White family is eight times that of the average African American family."

True

If a person has one drop of non-white blood then he or she cannot be defined as a white person in the United States.

True

In the Article Cultural Politics of Race and Ethnicity Is the following statement true or false: "Race in Latin American and the Caribbean - as throughout the whole world- is a cultural construction. Although often backed by scientific discourses and explanations racial typologies and hierarchies are ultimately cultural systems that attempt to explain differences in physical appearance or cultural attributes through reference to false assumptions about biological difference. Racial typologies in Latin America and hierarchies have not been consistent in Latin America, and they change both across regions and over time."

True

In the Film Race the Power of an Illusion. Is the following statement true or false. "Whiteness was not simply a matter of skin color. To be white was to gain the full rewards of American citizenship."

True

In the article the Cultural Politics of Race and Ethnicity, is the following statement true or false. Casta paintings represent attempts by elite Mexicans to create coherent social and racial categories to make sense out of the increasingly complex cultural diversity in the New World, as well as to reassert Spanish authority in the region.

True

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion Are the following statements true or false: "Race is a concept that was invented to categorize the perceived biological, social and cultural differences between human groups." "And the beauty of that ideology is that it justifies what is the greatest social agony of American life. Namely it justifies the inequalities that exist in a society which is said to be based in equality.

True

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion Is the following statement true or false: "Race is a human invention. We created it. We have used it in ways that have been in many respects quite negative and quite harmful. And we can think ourselves out of it. We made it, we can unmake it."

True

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion, is the following statement true or false about Southeastern European Immigrants in the early 20th Century. Eugenicist Charles Davenport wrote: The population of the United States will on account of the great influx of blood from Southeastern Europe, rapidly become darker in pigment smaller in stature, more given to crimes of larceny, kidnapping, assault, murder, rape, sexual immorality. And the ration of the insanity of the population will rapidly increase."

True

In the film Race the Power of an Illusion. Is the following statement true or false: "The racialize society we live in has been under construction for three centuries. How can we unmake race unless we first confront its enormity as a historical and social reality and its emptiness as biology?"

True

In the legal case Rollins vs. Alabama the court of appeals overturned the conviction of Jim Rollins, a black man convicted of the crime of miscegenation, on the grounds that the state had produced "no competent evidence to show" that Edith Labue was a white woman. Labue was a Sicilian. Is this statement true or false (hint: it is in the article by Matthew Frye Jacobson)

True

Is this statement true or false: At different times Mexican American were legally defined as Whites, yet they did not receive the benefits traditionally associated with whiteness.

True

Miscegenation is defined as the mixture of two different races.

True

True or false. Robert Park's race relations cycle theory states that foreigners go through a series of steps in order to fully assimilate. They are: Conflict, Competition, Accommodation, Assimilation.

True

In Cultural Politics of Race and Ethnicity, the author discusses that race in Latin American is more than just about the color of skin, it is also about social status. For example, the great soccer player from Brazil, Pele, who from U.S. interpretation of race is clearly identified as "Black," is seen by other Brazilians as belonging to which racial group?

White

According to the "Fabrication of Race" what was the most important possession that European Immigrants could claim to have that led them to gain access to the "golden door" of the United States?

Whiteness