Lap 3 Pre-Lab Quiz
two, eight
although helium has only ____ electrons in its outer shell, it is grouped with elements that have ________
yes
are alkali metals reactive?
soft
are alkali metals soft or hard?
yes
are alkaline earth metals reactive?
nonmetals
are halogens metals or nonmetals?
inert b/c their oxidation number prevents them from forming compounds readily
are noble gases inert or stable? why?
shell, oxidation states
because the valence electrons are present in more than one _____, transition metals often exhibit several common _____________
semiconductor
carry an electrical charge under special conditions
seaborg
created the Actinide series
Cannizaro
determined atom weights for the elements known in the 1860s
no
do alkali metals occur freely in nature?
no
do alkaline earth metals occur freely in nature?
number of atomic orbitals
elements in the same period have the same ________________
one
every element in group one has _______ electron in its outer shell
two
every element in group two has ______ electrons in its outer shell
one orbital, electrons, 2 orbitals, electrons
every element in the first period has ________ shell for its ________. every element in the second period has _________ for its ____________
columns, top, bottom
groups are _____ that run from ________ to _________
do not exhibit variable oxidation states, valence electrons are only present in outer shell
how are other metals different than the transition metals?
ductile and malleable
how are these other metals similar to the transition metals?
one
how many electrons are in alkali metals' outer shell?
two
how many electrons are in alkaline earth metals' outer shell (same as their oxidation or group number)
7
how many electrons are in halogens' outer shell?
7
how many elements are in the group: other metals?
38
how many elements are in the transition metals' group?
30
how many rare earth elements are there?
one, seven
hydrogen is special because it can act like two groups: ________ and _______
missing, extra
hydrogen sometimes is __________ an elctron and sometimes it has an _________ electron
not able to conduct electricity or heat very well, very brittle, cannot be rolled into wires or pounded into sheets
list four characteristics of ALL nonmetals
solid, high density, opaque
list three physical properties of these other metals
computers, calculators
metalloids are useful in _______ and _________
metals, nonmetals
metalloids have properties of both _______ and _________
cesium and francium
name the two most reactive elements in the alkali metal group
iron, cobalt, nickel
name three elements in the transition metals that produce a magnetic field
silicon, germanium
name two metalloids that are semi-conductors
metallic luster, reflect light
nonmetals have no ________ and do not ________
doberiner
noted that similar elements had relative atom masses, grouping elements in "triads"
rows, left, right
periods are _____ that run from ____ to ______
newlands
scientist who arranged a table and came up with the Law of Octaves
meyer
scientist who compiled a periodic table of 56 elements based on the periodicity of properties such as molar volume when arranged in order of atomic weight
moseley
scientist who reordered the table according to atomic numbers rather than weight; modified periodic law
mendeleev
scientist who universally is thought of as the sole originator of the periodic table; more interested in chemical properties
john dalton
scientists suggested the mass of an atom was its most impt. property
dechancourtois
scientists who came up with 3d periodic table and placed elements in unbroken order of increasing weight of the atoms
Greek thinkers
scientists who used the words "element" and "atom"
Lavoisier
scientists who wrote the first extensive list of elements containing 33; distinguished between metals and non-metals and divided them into four classes
trans-uranium
synthetic or man-made
3, 6, 7
the Rare Earth metals are found in group _____ and periods __ and ____
electrons, outer
the elements of a group have the same number of _________ in their ______ shell
transition
the green elements on this table are called __________ elements. they each have two electrons in their outer shell
salt-former, salts
the term "halogen" means _____ and compounds containing halogens are called _________
-1
what are halogens' oxidation number
13 through 15
what are the group numbers of "other metals"
14 through 16
what are the group numbers of nonmetals?
3 through 12
what are the group numbers of the transition metals?
+3, +-4, -3
what are the oxidation numbers for the group: other metals?
+-4, -3, -2
what are the oxidation numbers of nonmetals?
malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity
what are three characteristics of all metals?
electrons used to combine with other elements
what are valence electrons?
they can explode
what happens when alkali metals are exposed to water?
one
what is the group number for alkali metals?
two
what is the group number for alkaline earth metals?
18
what is the group number for noble gases
17
what is the halogen group number?
0
what is the oxidation number of noble gases?
solid, liquid, gas
what states of matter do halgoens exist in at room temperature?
gases and solids
what tow states of matter do nonmetals exist in at room temperature?
the way they look and act
why are the elements placed in specific places on the periodic table?
