latin America quiz 2

progressive

A belief that personal freedom and solving social problems are more important than religion

Constitution of Cadiz

A constitution formed in Spain that was never implemented or used, much of Spain was ruled by the French at the time

Haitian Revolution

A major influece of the Latin American revolutions because of its successfulness; the only successful slave revolt in history; it is led by Toussaint L'Ouverture.

Creoles

Descendents of Spanish-born but born in Latin America

peninsulars

Iberian born Spaniards

Plan of Iguala

Independence plan for Mexico that included three promises (written by Iturbide): 1) Iturbide was to be emperor, 2) the Roman Catholic Church would remain official church of mexico, 3) Equal rights for all mexicans

King Joao

King of Portugal

Tupac Amaru II

Member of Inca aristocracy who led a rebellion against Spanish authorities in Peru

Agustin de Iturbide

Mexican (creole) army officer who joined forces w/ the Indigenous and Mestizos won mexican's independence then claimed himself emperor

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

Mexican president who led an army against Texas

Miguel Hidalgo

Mexican priest who led peasants in call for independence and improved conditions

Comunero Revolt

One of popular revolts against Spanish colonial rule in New Granada (Colombia) in 1781; suppressed as a result of divisions among rebels.

Regency Years

Periods in 1830's in Brazil where Prince Pedro did not rule, but someone ruled for him

Vicente Guerrero

Second president of Mexico, executed because he was convicted of treason. Ended Mexican slavery.

Jose de San Martin

South American general and statesman, born in Argentina: leader in winning independence for Argentina, Peru, and Chile; protector of Peru

Simon Bolivar

The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. Born in Venezuela, he led military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.

Llaneros

Venezuelan cowboys

americanos

a nativist word for American identity defined by birthplace

Caudillos

a party's national leader

Dr. Jose Gaspar Rodriguez de Francia

conservative dictator of Paraguay

Traditionalist

conservatives in latin America during the post colonial period

mining region conspiracy

conspiracy of overthrowing the monarchy that was going around in brazil. Informers revealed the conspiracy almost immediately and participants were arrested

Nativism

favoring the interests of native-born people over foreign-born people

Napoleonic invasion of Iberia

from 1807-1808, dramatically changed the relationship between the Iberian countries and their American colonies, the entire royal court of Portugal moved to brazil

patronage politics

getting involved in politics to enrich yourself

Conservatism

in latin America, this was a way of thinking where the people wanted to stick with the hierarchy's and old times of Spanish rule

Liberalism

in latin American this meant progress

Jose Maria Morelos

led the revolution in Mexico after the defeat of Hidalgo; defeated after four years

junta

national committee of resistance to the French

costumbrismo

particular literary form derived from Spanish word for customs

post colonial

period following independence from colonial rule

Coro Rebellion

rebellion on Venezuela

prince pedro ii

second and last monarch of the empire in brazil

Tailor's Rebellion

similar French style conspiracy to the mining conspiracy of brazil

Prince Pedro I

son of king joao who was left in charge when king joao went to Lisbon who became the emperor of brazil

Juan Manuel de Rosas

strongman leader in buenos aires; took power in 1831; commanded loyalty of gauchos; restored local autonomy.

King Fernando VII

the king of Spain who opposed the Spanish Constitution of 1812 and harshly suppressed Liberalism

battle of ayacucho

the last battle fought at a high altitude where the patriots captured the last viceroyalty in America. the battle was lead by bolivar

Popular Sovereignty

the people for each nation

Age of Enlightenment

the time period in the 1700s during which many Europeans began to break away from tradition and rethink political and social norms