Lauren - Chp 24 Test Qs

141) Which is not true of pancreatic enzymes? A) Their primary site of action is the pancreas. B) The majority are proteases. C) Most are secreted as proenzymes. D) They digest carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. E) They are produced by exocrine tissue.

A

144) Circular folds and intestinal villi A) increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine. B) carry products of digestion that will not pass through the walls of blood capillaries. C) produce new cells for the mucosa of the small intestine. D) secrete digestive enzymes. E) produce hormones.

A

145) Submucosal glands that secrete mucus are characteristic of the A) duodenum. B) jejunum. C) ileum. D) pancreas. E) liver.

A

160) In response to the arrival of acidic chyme in the duodenum, the A) blood levels of secretin rise. B) blood levels of cholecystokinin fall. C) blood levels of gastrin rise. D) blood levels of enterocrinin fall. E) liver releases enzymes for chemical digestion.

A

167) Motility in the small intestines is controlled in part by all of the following except A) VIP. B) motilin. C) vagus nerve. D) myenteric reflexes. E) gastroenteric reflexes.

A

171) Contraction of the muscle layer labeled "9" causes the digestive tract to A) constrict. B) shorten. C) dilate. D) fold for increased surface area. E) secrete enzymes.

A

181) Haustra are A) expansible pouches of the colon. B) strips of muscle in the colon. C) glands in the large intestine that secrete mucus. D) the source of colon hormones. E) compact feces stored in the rectum.

A

192) Carbohydrate digestion begins in the A) mouth. B) esophagus. C) stomach D) duodenum. E) ileum.

A

36) A structure that helps prevent food from entering the pharynx prematurely is the A) uvula. B) pharyngeal arch. C) palatoglossal arch. D) palatopharyngeal arch. E) epiglottis.

A

78) Chief cells secrete A) pepsinogen. B) gastrin. C) mucus. D) hydrochloric acid. E) intrinsic factor.

A

81) The part of the stomach that functions as a mixing chamber for food and secretions is the A) body. B) antrum. C) pyloric part. D) cardia. E) fundus.

A

175) What is the layer labeled "3"? A) mucosa B) submucosa C) muscularis externa D) muscularis mucosae E) serosa

B

179) At the hepatic flexure, the colon becomes the A) ascending colon. B) transverse colon. C) descending colon. D) sigmoid colon. E) rectum.

B

18) Which of the following contains adipose tissue and provides padding for the anterior and lateral portions of the abdomen? A) falciform ligament B) greater omentum C) mesentery proper D) lesser omentum E) diaphragm

B

182) The teniae coli are A) tears of the colon. B) longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall. C) ridges in the mucosa of the colon. D) polyps that obstruct the sigmoid colon. E) tumors normally confined in the sigmoid colon.

B

190) The enzyme amylase digests A) peptides. B) polysaccharides. C) disaccharides. D) triglycerides. E) nucleotides.

B

80) To which region of the stomach does the esophagus connect? A) fundus B) cardia C) body D) antrum E) pyloric part

B

86) The enzyme pepsin digests A) carbohydrates. B) proteins. C) lipids. D) nucleic acids. E) vitamins.

B

90) The gastric phase of gastric secretion is triggered by the A) sight, thought, or smell of food. B) entry of food into the stomach. C) entry of chyme into the small intestine. D) entry of chyme into the large intestine. E) release of cholecystokinin and secretin by the small intestine.

B

98) A drug that blocks the action of carbonic anhydrase in parietal cells would result in A) a lower pH during gastric digestion. B) a higher pH during gastric digestion. C) decreased production of pepsinogen by chief cells. D) increased protein digestion in the stomach. E) decreased gastrin production.

B

0) The ________ are double sheets of peritoneal membrane that suspend the visceral organs and carry nerves, lymphatics, and blood vessels. A) serosa B) adventitia C) mesenteries D) fibrosa E) lamina propria

C

113) The fusion of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct forms the A) hepatic portal vein. B) porta hepatis. C) bile duct. D) common pancreatic duct. E) bile canaliculus.

C

115) The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of A) islets of Langerhans. B) pancreatic crypts. C) pancreatic acini. D) pancreatic lobules. E) triads.

C

117) The basic functional units of the liver are the A) hepatocytes. B) stellate macrophages. C) lobules. D) portal areas. E) bile canaliculi.

C

136) Pancreatic juice enters the small intestine at the A) hepatic duct. B) ileocecal valve. C) duodenal papilla. D) pyloric sphincter. E) cystic duct.

C

146) The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the A) duodenum and the jejunum. B) duodenum and the pylorus. C) bile duct and the pancreatic duct. D) duodenum and the pancreatic duct. E) duodenum and the bile duct.

C

147) The villi are most developed in the A) stomach. B) duodenum. C) jejunum. D) gallbladder. E) cecum.

C

150) The middle segment of the small intestine is the A) ileum. B) duodenum. C) jejunum. D) pylorus. E) cecum.

C

151) The portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum is the A) haustrum. B) appendix. C) ileum. D) duodenum. E) jejunum.

C

163) The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the A) large intestines. B) cecum. C) small intestines. D) stomach. E) colon.

C

169) What is the function of the structure labeled "7"? A) production of sodium bicarbonate B) production of lipase C) protection from bacteria D) production of hydrochloric acid E) production of pepsinogen

C

17) The ________ supports all but 25 cm of the small intestine and provides stability and limited movement. A) falciform ligament B) greater omentum C) mesentery proper D) lesser omentum E) diaphragm

C

173) What is the layer labeled "4"? A) mucosa B) submucusa C) muscularis externa D) muscularis mucosae E) serosa

C

178) Functions of the large intestine include A) absorption of bile salts. B) secretion of vitamins. C) reabsorption of water and compaction of feces. D) production of gas to move waste toward the rectum. E) most of the chemical breakdown of food.

C

180) Approximately the last 15 cm of the digestive tract is the A) anus. B) anal canal. C) rectum. D) sigmoid colon. E) rectal column.

C

183) At the splenic flexure, the colon becomes the A) ascending colon. B) transverse colon. C) descending colon. D) sigmoid colon. E) rectum.

C

19) Which organ is responsible for dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials? A) small intestine B) esophagus C) large intestine D) stomach E) anus

C

195) Products of fat digestion are transported initially by A) capillaries. B) veins. C) lymphatic vessels. D) the interstitial fluid. E) the arterioles.

C

196) The absorption of some sugars in the small intestine involves A) osmosis. B) diffusion. C) cotransport. D) phagocytosis. E) pinocytosis.

C

34) ________ pair(s) of salivary glands secrete into the oral cavity. A) One B) Two C) Three D) Four E) Six to Ten

C

6) Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called A) segmentation. B) pendular movements. C) peristalsis. D) churning movements. E) mastication.

C

79) G cells of the stomach secrete A) cholecystokinin. B) secretin. C) gastrin. D) enteropeptidase. E) pepsin.

C

83) The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called A) cardia. B) papillae. C) rugae. D) plicae. E) villi.

C

123) Which of the following is not a component of the portal triad found at the edges of a liver lobule? A) hepatic artery B) bile duct C) central vein D) hepatic portal vein

C 1

1) Each of the following organs is a component of the digestive tract except the A) stomach. B) pharynx. C) esophagus. D) bladder. E) colon.

D

11) Sensory nerve cells, parasympathetic ganglia, and sympathetic postganglionic fibers can be found in the A) mucosa. B) serosa. C) adventitia. D) submucosal neural plexus. E) lamina propria.

D

132) In response to the hormone cholecystokinin, the pancreas secretes a fluid A) rich in enzymes. B) rich in bicarbonate. C) rich in bile. D) rich in mucus. E) that contains only amylase.

A

12) Sandwiched between the layer of circular and longitudinal muscle in the muscularis externa is the A) mucosa. B) submucosa. C) muscularis mucosa. D) myenteric plexus. E) submucosal neural plexus.

D

120) Bile is stored in the A) liver. B) duodenum. C) pancreas. D) gallbladder. E) appendix.

D

148) Peyer's patches are characteristic of the A) stomach. B) duodenum. C) jejunum. D) ileum. E) colon.

D

157) The gastroileal reflex A) empties the duodenum. B) promotes gastric secretion. C) decreases peristaltic activity. D) moves some chyme to the colon. E) is relayed through the CNS.

D

158) A surgical procedure to promote rapid weight loss is removal of most of the A) pancreas. B) liver. C) duodenum. D) jejunum. E) ileum.

D

162) Which of the following descriptions best matches the term cholecystokinin (CCK)? A) where pancreatic juice and bile enter duodenum B) carries absorbed sugars and amino acids C) stimulates pancreas to secrete bicarbonate-rich fluid D) causes gallbladder to contract E) stimulates gastric secretion

D

170) Which structure controls the contraction of the muscularis externa? A) 2 B) 8 C) 9 D) 10 E) 11

D

172) What type of epithelium covers the structure labeled "6"? A) simple squamous B) stratified squamous C) simple cuboidal D) simple columnar E) pseudostratified ciliated columnar

D

185) A small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum is the A) haustra. B) pancreas. C) gallbladder. D) appendix. E) ileum.

D

24) The greater omentum is A) the entrance to the stomach. B) attached to the stomach at the lesser curvature. C) important in the digestion of fats. D) a fatty sheet that hangs like an apron over the abdominal viscera. E) a sheet of mesentery that attaches to the liver.

D

7) The lamina propria and mucous epithelium are components of the A) serosa. B) adventitia. C) muscularis mucosa. D) mucosa. E) submucosa.

D

76) Functions of the stomach include all of the following except A) storage of ingested food. B) denaturation of proteins. C) initiation of protein digestion. D) absorption of triglycerides. E) mechanical breakdown of food.

D

9) Contraction of the ________ alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves epithelial pleats and folds. A) mucosa B) submucosa C) submucosal neural plexus D) muscularis mucosa E) adventitia

D

121) A proenzyme secreted by the pancreas is A) trypsinogen. B) amylase. C) carboxypeptidase. D) lipase. E) bile

A

128) An obstruction of the bile duct often results in A) undigested fat in the feces. B) a decrease in production of pancreatic juice. C) inability to digest protein. D) cirrhosis of the liver. E) hepatitis.

A

130) Tom has hepatitis, an inflammation of the liver. Which of the following symptoms would you expect to observe in Tom? A) jaundice B) elevated levels of blood glucose C) impaired digestion of protein D) blood in the feces E) overproduction of blood plasma albumin

A

174) What is the name of the structure labeled "6"? A) circular folds B) villi C) microvilli D) lacteal E) rugae

B

116) Each of the following is a function of the liver except A) synthesis and secretion of bile. B) antibody production. C) synthesis of plasma proteins. D) inactivation of toxins. E) storage of glycogen and iron reserves.

B

129) If the pancreatic duct was obstructed, you would expect to see elevated blood levels of A) bilirubin. B) amylase. C) cholecystokinin. D) secretin. E) gastrin.

B

13) Large blood vessels and lymphatics are found in the A) mucosa. B) submucosa. C) muscularis. D) adventitia. E) serosa.

B

131) In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid A) rich in enzymes. B) rich in bicarbonate ion. C) rich in bile. D) rich in mucus. E) that contains only amylase.

B

140) Which of the following enzymes is not produced by the pancreas? A) alpha-amylase B) rennin C) lipase D) nucleases E) peptidases

B

152) Circular folds are A) ridges in the wall of the stomach. B) pleats in the lining of the small intestine. C) fingerlike projections on the surface of the mucosa of the small intestine. D) sacculations in the colon. E) abnormal structures formed by excessive pressure in the small intestine.

B

154) The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release a watery, bicarbonate-rich fluid is A) enterocrinin. B) secretin. C) cholecystokinin. D) GIP. E) gastrin.

B

159) The part of the small intestine most likely to develop an ulcer from exposure to gastric juice is the A) pylorus. B) duodenum. C) ileum. D) cecum. E) jejunum.

B

161) Hydrochloric acid from the stomach is neutralized in the small intestine by A) water that was ingested with the food. B) bicarbonate from the pancreas. C) trypsin. D) bile from the liver. E) enzymes from the intestinal crypts.

B

111) Identify the stomach region labeled "7." A) esophagus B) cardia C) lesser curvature D) greater curvature E) pyloric part

E

142) Which of the following is not a lobe of the liver? A) left B) right C) quadrate D) caudate E) sigmoid

E

149) All of the following enhance the absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine except A) the circular folds. B) the villi. C) the microvilli. D) intestinal movements. E) rugae.

E

155) An intestinal hormone that stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreatic islet cells is A) enterocrinin. B) enteropeptidase. C) secretin. D) cholecystokinin. E) gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP).

E

164) Place the following structures in order as food passes into them. 1. cecum 2. duodenum 3. ileum 4. jejunum 5. stomach A) 1, 3, 4, 2, 5 B) 5, 1, 2, 4, 3 C) 2, 5, 4, 3, 1 D) 3, 1, 2, 5, 4 E) 5, 2, 4, 3, 1

E

168) Which reflex is stimulated by stretch receptors in the stomach to increase motility and secretions along the small intestines? A) cephalic reflex B) gastroileal reflex C) enterogastric reflex D) gastrocolic reflex E) gastroenteric reflex

E

176) Which of the following is not true of the structure labeled "5"? A) contributes to the mesentery of the small intestine B) has a simple squamous epithelium C) is part of the visceral peritoneum D) is called the serosa E) contains mucus glands

E

184) The pouchlike structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve is the A) appendix. B) sigmoid colon. C) rectum. D) haustra. E) cecum.

E

191) An enzyme that digests proteins into peptides is A) lipase. B) amylase. C) nuclease. D) maltase. E) trypsin.

E

27) A drug that blocks the action of the hormone cholecystokinin would affect all of the following except A) relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter. B) the composition of pancreatic secretions. C) the delivery of bile. D) digestion of lipids and proteins. E) absorption of water in the large intestines.

E

31) The mesocolon is A) a section of the large intestines between the sigmoid colon and the rectum. B) a thick mesenteric sheet associated with the small intestines. C) a ligament that suspends the liver from the diaphragm. D) a serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity. E) a mesentery associated with a portion of the large intestine.

E

4) Chyme in the duodenum stimulates the secretion of what hormones in the digestive tract? (Figure 24-23) A) Gastrin and leptin B) VIP and GIP C) Gastrin and GIP D) Leptin and Ghrelin E) GIP, VIP, CCK, and secretin

E

4) Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system? A) mechanical processing B) absorption C) secretion D) ingestion E) filtration

E

47) Which salivary gland produces a serous secretion containing large amounts of salivary amylase? A) mandibular B) sublingual C) lingual D) submandibular E) parotid

E

82) The region of the stomach that empties into the duodenum is the A) antrum. B) fundus. C) body. D) cardia. E) pyloric part.

E