LC 38 + 39

Elaine just received her grade for the final exam in her psychology course. She was absolutely sure she knew the material but received a 67 on the exam. Elaine is likely to

blame the exam for her grade

Which Freudian concept is NOT widely embraced by contemporary psychodynamic theorists?

the psychosexual stages

Kate comes home with three A's and two B's, to which her mother replies, "Is that the best you could do?" and walks away. Rogers refers to this attitude as the opposite of

unconditional positive regard

Critics of Freud doubt that conscience and gender identity form as the child resolves the Oedipus complex at age

5 or 6

In developing his theory of self-actualization, Maslow studied healthy, creative people such as _____, rather than troubled clinical cases

Abraham Lincoln

This neo-Freudian proposed the collective unconscious

Carl Jung

Samantha is typically described as soft-hearted, trusting, and helpful by her peers. She is likely to score high on the Big Five trait of

agreeableness

_____ self-esteem correlates with aggressive and antisocial behavior, while _____ self-esteem is a healthier self-image that allows people to focus beyond themselves and enjoy a higher quality of life

defensive; secure

Dr. Costa sees his own therapist in order for her to be at her emotional best for seeing patients. She is open with her feelings and self-disclosing in her own therapy. Rogers refers to this attitude as _____

genuineness

Juan loves horseback riding. Which choice exemplifies an internal personal factor associated with horseback riding for Juan?

his thoughts and feelings about riding horses

Michael often acts in aggressive, impulsive ways without consideration for the long-term effects of his behavior. Freud would suggest that Michael is primarily driven by his

id

Sherry has to give her first speech in her communications class, and she is very anxious. Her adviser informs her of the spotlight effect and encourages her to _____ in order to decrease her anxiety

imagine herself in the role of a spectator

n Eysenck and Eysenck's model, Jeffrey is unstable and extraverted. Jeffrey is MOST likely

impulsive

The humanistic perspective has been criticized for promoting an excessive degree of

individualism

Ashley feels that she has reached her full potential as a physician. According to Maslow, Ashley

is self actualized

Lin enjoys roller skating with her friends. Which choice exemplifies a behavioral factor associated with roller skating for Lin?

learning to roller-skate

The Big Five personality factor _____ involves these endpoints: imaginative versus practical and independent versus conforming

openness

Modern psychological researchers criticize Sigmund Freud's ideas because they claim they offer after-the-fact explanations but fail to _____ behavior and traits

predict

Henry is given a test by a psychologist and asked to tell a story about an ambiguous picture. Henry is MOST likely taking a(n) _____ test

projective

With respect to our understanding of personality, _____ came from _____

psychodynamic theories; psychoanalysis

According to the biopsychosocial approach to the study of personality, learned responses are a(n) _____influence

psychological

Research by Adams and colleagues found that men who reported negative attitudes toward homosexuality experienced greater arousal when watching videos of gay men. These results demonstrate which of Freud's defense mechanisms?

reaction formation

Sarah's optimism is both a contributor to and a product of her successful career accomplishments. This BEST illustrates the concept of

reciprocal determinism

Even though the self-serving bias is so prevalent, people may disparage themselves because to do so

reinforces one's new identity

Keira is being given a projective measure to assess her personality. Which test will she MOST likely be given?

rorschach inkblot test

Maria believes that she is a very bright and caring person. These qualities help make up her

self-concept

Jenna is a runner. She is entirely confident that with sufficient dedication she can meet her athletic goals. In social-cognitive terms, Jenna has high

self-efficacy

Personality _____ over time; behaviors _____ over time

stabilizes; vary

Dr. Wayne states that the task of the personality psychologist is to describe the consistent and persistent patterns of behavior that distinguish one person from another. Dr. Wayne is MOST likely a _____ theorist of personality

trait

Todd tends to be calm, secure, imaginative, and independent. On the Big Five traits, he likely scores _____on neuroticism and _____ on openness

low; high