Leadership Exam 1

General cognitive ability is linked to experience, not biology (T/F)

False

In the Big Five Personality Factors, neuroticism was the factor most strongly associated with an effective leader (T/F)

False

The trait approach focuses on the leader and the followers (T/F)

False

followers with an internal locus of control believe they are in charge of the events that occur in their life (T/F)

True

the type of leadership that invites followers to share in the decision making process is called ______

participative leadership

The University of Michigan Studies identified two types of leadership as employee orientation and _______ orientation

production

there are three different approaches to making decisions regarding moral conduct: ethical egoism, utilitarianism, and ________

Altruism

According to Northouse, the five principles of ethical leadership can be traced back to ______

Aristotle

They style of management placing a strong emphasis on tasks and job requirements, and less emphasis on people is

Authority-Compliance (9,1)

The capacity to change and adapt one's behavior in light of understanding others' perspectives is

Behavioral flexibility

The researchers responsible for the Leadership Grid (1-9, 5-5, 9-9, etc) were

Blake and Mouton

The SLII model leadership style that is high directive and high supportive is known as ________

Coaching

In Katz's Three-skills approach, the skill used the least by supervisory management is ______

Conceptual

According to the Leadership Grid, a 1,9 style of leadership where the leader has a low concern for task accomplishment coupled with a high concern for interpersonal relationships is known as

Country-Club management

Within path-goal theory, what underlying theory, developed by Vroom, did House and Mitchell use to conceptualize followers' motivation?

Expectancy theory

A strength of the behavioral approach is that is has shown how a leader's behavior is associated with performance outcomes such as morale, job satisfaction, and productivity (T/F)

False

According to SLII, leaders using an S1 style of leadership are using a delegating style (T/F)

False

An opportunistic leader will adapt and shift his or her eladership behavior to gain an advantage for the organization, putting other's interest above his or her own priorities (T/F)

False

Apathy means attempting to see the world from another person's viewpoint (T/F)

False

Because the out-group are extraverts, they receive more information, influence, and concern from their leaders than do members of the in-group (T/F)

False

Concern for the common good means that leaders can impose their will on others (T/F)

False

Country-Club management (1,9) describes a leader who goes through the motions of being a leader but acts uninvolved and withdrawn (T/F)

False

Crystalized Cognitive Ability is intellectual ability that cannot be learned or acquired over time. It is 'crystalized' in one's late teen to mid-twenties (T/F)

False

Empowerment leads to followers feeling more dependent on others to make decisions (T/F)

False

Environmental influences are strictly external factors (T/F)

False

Followers with an internal locus of control believe they are not in charge of the events that occur in their life (T/F)

False

One of the strengths of the trait approach is its usefulness in leadership training and development (T/F)

False

Servant leaders often compromise their ethical principles in order to serve others and achieve success (T/F)

False

Team-based organizations have slower response capability because of their flatter organizational structures (T/F)

False

Teams can achieve excellence if they receive the resources needed to do their job and are rewarded for individual performances (T/F)

False

Teamwork is an example of vertical decision making as opposed to lateral decision making that occurs in the organizational hierarchy based on rank or position in the organization (T/F)

False

Two weaknesses of the situational approach are its practically and prescriptive values (T/F)

False

The practical approach to authentic leadership is often called by its founders name, the _______

George Approach

The theory of servant leadership originated with the writings of _____

Greenleaf

The researchers responsible for the Leadership Grid were

Hersey and Blanchard

The situational approach was developed by ________

Hersey and Blanchard

The team leadership model discussed in detail in chapter 14 is the _______ Model for Team Leadership?

Hill

In Katz's Three Skills Approach, which level of management uses technical, human, and conceptual skills in an approximately equal amount?

Middle

The three main components of servant leadership according to Liden, Wayne, Zhao, and Henderson are antecedent conditions, servant leader behaviors, and ________

Outcomes

The main purpose of the behavioral approach is to explain how leaders combine what two behaviors?

Relationship and task

The style of management placing a strong emphasis on both tasks and interpersonal relationships is

Team Management (9,9)

A primary focus of path-goal theory is assisting followers in overcoming barriers (T/F)

True

A second major part of the SLII model concerns the development level of followers (T/F)

True

According to Burns, an early transformational researcher, leadership is quite different from power because it is inseparable from followers' needs (T/F)

True

According to path-goal theory, leaders should adapt their styles to the situation or to the motivational needs of their followers (T/F)

True

Being honest is about telling the truth and being open with others by representing reality as fully and completely as possible (T/F)

True

Critical events, acting as a catalyst for change in a leader, can be either positive or negative. (T/F)

True

Crystalized Cognitive Ability is intellectual ability that can be learned over time (T/F)

True

Emotional intelligence appears to be an important construct as a leadership trait in the trait approach (T/F)

True

Environmental influences can be either internal or external factors (T/F)

True

Followers become part of the in-group or out-group depending on how well they work with the leader and how well the leader works with them (T/F)

True

General cognitive ability is linked to biology, not experience (T/F)

True

In both the Ohio State and University of Michigan Studies, the eventual conclusion was that both leadership behaviors can be viewed as independent leadership orientations enabling a leader to be oriented toward both types of behaviors (T/F)

True

In organizations, there are two kinds of power, position power and personal power (T/F)

True

LMX theory both describes and prescribes leadership (T/F)

True

One criticism of the skills approach is although it claims not to be a trait approach, many of its components are in fact concerning individual attributes which are trait-like (T/F)

True

Servant leaders use less institutional power and control while shifting authority to those they are leading (T/F)

True

The MLQ is a tool to measure transformational leadership (T/F)

True

The Ohio State Studies viewed the two leadership behaviors of initiating and consideration as distinct and independent (T/F)

True

The characteristics of authentic leadership consists of all of the following: purpose, values, relationship, self-disciple, and heart (T/F)

True

The skills model consists of three competencies: problem-solving skills, social judgement skills, and knowledge (T/F)

True

Two strengths of the situational approach are that it is practical and has prescriptive value (T/F)

True

everyone can develop authenticity and learn to be more authentic (T/F)

True

On Katz's Three-Skills approach, which one of the following is NOT one of the three personal skills? a. Knowledge b. Technical c. Conceptual d. Human

a. Knowledge

Which one of the following is NOT one of Kouzes and Posner's five fundamental practices? a. break down barriers b. inspire a shared vision c. enable others to act d. model the way e. encourage the heart

a. break down barriers

The dark side of leadership is unethical and destructive and can be described as a toxic triangle. Which one of the following is not one of the legs of the toxic triangle? a. disillusionment b. destructive leaders c. susceptible followers d. conducive environments

a. disillusionment

All but which of the following are related positive psychological capacities of authentic leadership? a. servanthood b. confidence c. hope d. optimism e. resilience

a. servanthood

Which of the following is not a characteristic of out-group members? a. They look for innovative ways to advance the group's goals b. they only do what is required of them c. leaders treat them fairly, but do not give them special attention d. they receive standard benefits as defined in the job description

a. they look for innovative ways to advance the group's goals

Which one of the following is not a positive result of high-quality leader-member exchanges? a. Higher frequency of promotions b. Higher employee turnover c. Greater organizational commitment d. More desirable work assignment e. Better job attitudes

b. Higher employee turnover

Which one of the following is not one of the four components of authentic leadership? a. self-awareness b. inspiration c. balanced processing d. relational transparency

b. inspiration

Which one of the following is NOT a component of path-goal theory? a. Leader behaviors b. Follower characteristics c. Self-efficacy d. Task characteristics e. Motivation

c. Self-efficacy

Which one of the following is a true statement? a. "Hasty to act" leaders might encourage other team members to emerge as leaders b. Team leaders are only allowed to observe, never to intervene c. Any team member can perform the critical leadership functions to assess the current effectiveness of the team and then take appropriate action. d. To increase morale, organizations need to ask employees to work on difficult team assignments without the promise of rewards such as raises or bonuses for the team performance. Only individual effort should be rewarded to avoid the "fifth-wheel" syndrome.

c. any team member can perform the critical leadership functions to assess the current effectiveness of the team and then take appropriate action

The following are all antecedent conditions of servant leadership except _______. a. context and culture b. leader attributes c. empowering d. follower receptivity

c. empowering

Which one of the following is not on Bass' leadership continuum? a. transformational b. transactional c. pseudotransformational d. laissez-faire

c. pseudotransformational

The ability to work with ideas and concepts is best described as

conceptual skills

_______ refers to an individual's ability to be a visionary for an organization

conceptualization

Which one of the following is not one of the viewpoints to define authentic leadership? a. intrapersonal b. interpersonal c. developmental d. achievement-oriented

d. achievement-oriented

Which one of the following is most closely associated with transformational leadership? a. transactional leadership b. laissez-faire leadership c. pseudotransformational leadership d. charismatic leadership

d. charismatic leadership

Which one of the following is NOT a true statement about team leadership? a. Leaders need to monitor both internal and external environments to gather information b. task and relational functions are closely intertwined c. a work group is not the same thing as a team d. the team leadership model focuses on the position of power of the leader e. a criticism of the text's main model is that it is quite complex

d. the team leadership model focuses on the position of power of the leader

The SLII model leadership style that is low directive and low supportive is known as _______

delegating

LMX theory makes a _______ relationship between leaders and followers the focal point

dyadic

Ethical leaders _______ a. serve others b. are just c. are honest d. build community e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Each factor from Bass and Avolio's model of transformational leadership begins with the letter _____

i

the type of leadership that is self-serving and exhibits little general caring for others (think Hitler and Hussein) is best describes as

pseudotransforamtional leadership

Knowledge is the accumulation of information. The mental structures used to organize that information is known as

schema

According to Kohlberg, how many stages are there for moral development?

six

The SLII model leadership style that is low directive and high supportive is known as _____

supporting

Of the three skills in Katz's Three-Skills approach, the skill used the least by top management is

technical