LEARNING FRAMEWORK CHAPTER 10

__________ is the process you go through in deciding how to align your experience and value system with your viewpoint. A. Jumping on a bandwagon B. Selling C. Critical thinking D. Appealing to false authority

C. Critical thinking

Being unwilling to change your mind is the mark of a reasonable, educated person. A. True B. False

B. False

In Bloom's Taxonomy, the higher the level, the less critical thinking it requires. A. True B. False

B. False

Most effects are usually the result of a single cause. A. True B. False

B. False

"Everybody is doing it, so you should too!" is an example of which logical fallacy? A. Jumping on a bandwagon B. Falling victim to false cause C. Slippery slope D. Begging

A. Jumping on a bandwagon

In college, the level of thinking your instructors expect from you exceeds that which you did in high school. A. True B. False

A. True

When you come across a statement that you consider confusing, what should you ask yourself first? A. What does the statement mean? B. Do I agree with the statement? C. Who might agree or disagree with the statement, and why? D. Can I trust the person making the statement?

A. What does the statement mean?

When faced with a problem, a slow thinker is MOST likely to __________. A. develop a creative solution B. accept the existing situation C. offer a solution based on traditional beliefs D. go along with a fast thinker's judgment

A. develop a creative solution

"The rooster crows at sunrise every morning, so the rooster must cause the sun to rise." This is an example of __________. A. falling victim to false cause B. slippery slope thinking C. jumping on a bandwagon D. begging

A. falling victim to false cause

Before accepting any opinion on any issue as "the truth" you should look for evidence that __________. A. supports different positions on the issue B. is attributed to a false authority C. is based on fast thinking D. contains one or more logical fallacies

A. supports different positions on the issue

A blog post by an activist accusing a business executive of corporate greed is an example of __________. A. yelling B. dwelling C. selling D. telling

A. yelling

Which type of logical fallacy involves an argument based on the opinion of someone who is not an expert on the topic? A. Assuming something is true because it hasn't been proven false B. Appealing to false authority C. Slippery slope D. Attacking the person

B. Appealing to false authority

Which level of Bloom's Taxonomy involves making judgments and decisions about the value of new information A. Create B. Evaluate C. Analyze D. Remember

B. Evaluate

It is important to listen to both sides of an argument before making up your mind. A. False B. True

B. True

One way to become a better critical thinker is to practice with other people. A. False B. True

B. True

We develop an understanding of information based on our value systems and how we view the world. A. False B. True

B. True

When she was younger, Emily was primarily a fast thinker. She went along with the crowd, made decisions based on what she thought was popular, and avoided challenging her own beliefs. Now that she is in college, Emily is making an effort to develop stronger critical-thinking skills. The more time Emily spends thinking critically, the LESS likely she is to __________. A. come up with fresh solutions to difficult problems B. make voting decisions based on campaign slogans C. communicate her ideas effectively D. make good decisions that will benefit her in the long run

B. make voting decisions based on campaign slogans

Compared to fast thinking, slow thinking __________. A. requires less effort B. requires more careful attention C. takes less time D. is more emotional

B. requires more careful attention

Fast thinking is __________. A. logical B. subconscious C. deep D. rational

B. subconscious

Kuma, the owner of a technology firm, needs to hire a new site manager. She has narrowed the list of applicants down to two candidates. The two applicants work in different fields, and neither has worked for a technology firm before. However, they each have experience and skills that could make them effective in the position. As Kuma thinks about how each candidate might perform in various theoretical situations, she is performing at which level of Bloom's Taxonomy? A. Create B. Evaluate C. Apply D. Remember

C. Apply

People who have good thinking skills tend to __________. A. rely on others to think for them B. make decisions based on misleading information C. be successful in their careers D. believe something is true because they want it to be true

C. be successful in their careers

Making decisions and solving problems does NOT involve __________. A. formulating conclusions B. weighing evidence C. making a hasty generalization D. thinking logically

C. making a hasty generalization

"If you can't show me any evidence that yeti aren't real, then they must exist." This is an example of which logical fallacy? A. Attacking the person B. Appealing to false authority C. Making a hasty generalization D. Assuming that something is true because it hasn't been proven false

D. Assuming that something is true because it hasn't been proven false

At the start of Lilly's Friday afternoon biology class, the instructor, Dr. Forrester, asked everyone to pass their lab reports to the front of the room. She suddenly realized that she had forgotten all about the assignment. After class, she approached Dr. Forrester and asked if she could hand her lab report in on Monday instead. He explained that he was obligated to hold her to the same deadline as everyone else, unless there was a valid reason to make an exception. Lilly said, "Please, you have to let me finish it this weekend and hand it in on Monday! If you don't, I may not pass the course, and if that happens, I'll lose my financial aid and have to drop out of college!" Which type of flawed logic did Lilly use in her plea? A. Falling victim to a false cause B. Making a hasty generalization C. Jumping on a bandwagon D. Begging

D. Begging

While attending a convention, Noah spoke with Amy, a sales representative from an alternative energy company, who insisted that fuel cell technology is the solution to the world's energy problems. At home, Noah read through the literature she gave him, and acknowledged that the material was interesting. However, he still wasn't certain that she was right about fuel cells. What should Noah do to decide whether he agrees with Amy's argument? A. Dismiss Amy's argument because she is trying to sell something B. Accept that Amy knows more about the topic than he does C. Go with his gut feeling D. Keep looking for more evidence

D. Keep looking for more evidence

Istvan is running for a seat on the city council. During a debate, he points out that his opponent, the incumbent, recently voted to raise taxes, proclaiming, "He's raised your taxes before. He's going to raise them again, and he's going to keep raising them until none of you can afford to live here anymore!" Which logical fallacy did Istvan use in the debate? A. Appealing to false authority B. Falling victim to false cause C. Begging D. Slippery slope

D. Slippery slope

You would need to use college level thinking to answer which question? A. Who is the current president of the European Union? B. Which of the nations that make up the European Union has the largest population? C. What are the primary functions of the European Union? D. Under what circumstances might it be wise for the European Union to expand?

D. Under what circumstances might it be wise for the European Union to expand?

When you can restate in your own words the meaning of an idea that has been presented to you, you have reached which level of Bloom's Taxonomy? A. Analyze B. Evaluate C. Apply D. Understand

D. Understand

Thinking creatively involves __________. A. drawing conclusions without evidence B. concentrating on a single point of view C. responding automatically and emotionally D. challenging the usual way of doing things

D. challenging the usual way of doing things

An attack against a person's __________ is considered a logical fallacy. A. position B. argument C. evidence D. character

D. character

Slow thinkers do NOT __________. A. examine problems B. discover new information C. ask questions D. give an automatic response

D. give an automatic response

When you draw a conclusion based on limited evidence, you __________. A. attack the person B. fall victim to false cause C. appeal to false authority D. make a hasty generalization

D. make a hasty generalization

To make an effective argument, you must __________. A. focus on appealing to the audience's emotions B. intimidate the audience by speaking loudly C. base your position on an appeal to traditional values D. provide evidence to support your claim

D. provide evidence to support your claim