LearningCurve: 15a. Introduction to Therapy and the Psychological Therapies

often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help.

It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because clients:

family

Marjorie is experiencing frequent and intense conflict with her teenage daughter. Marjorie should arrange for them to participate in _____ therapy.

humanistic

Marya's therapist is nondirective and refers to her as a client. Marya's therapist is operating from a _____ perspective.

psychoanalytic

Mikkia needs therapy for help with procrastination. She says, "There's no way I'm going to that therapist! He sees patients three times a week for years on end. I need to get better soon!" The therapist MOST likely uses the _____ approach.

exposure therapy.

A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca BEST illustrates:

12

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) uses how many steps in their program?

psychoanalysis.

As a young adult, Clarice has difficulty forming relationships because she feels she cannot trust men. She is seeking a therapist who can help her gain insight into her feelings. The therapy that focuses on helping patients to gain insight is:

placebo

Because she mistakenly believes the herbal remedy she is using will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This best illustrates the _____ effect.

genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.

Carl Rogers encouraged therapists to exhibit:

free association

During a psychoanalytic therapy session, Max focuses on several intrusive thoughts that have been bothering him. The therapist tells Max to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Max's therapist is using a technique known as _____.

resistance.

During her weekly psychoanalytic therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly change the subject. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

cognitive

Glenn suffers from depression. He frequently thinks of situations as overwhelmingly bad, with no hope of future improvement. Glenn would benefit MOST from _____ therapy.

psychoanalysis.

Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique designed to help patients gain insight into repressed impulses and conflicts is called:

family

The aim of _____ therapy is to heal relationships and to mobilize the group's resources.

humanistic

The three main qualities that therapists advocating the _____ perspective hope to exhibit are genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.

systematic desensitization.

To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist first encourages him to physically relax and imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist's technique BEST illustrates:

aversive conditioning.

To help Jacob overcome his smoking habit, a therapist puts him in a room with a carton of cigarettes laced with a chemical to induce nausea. He displays images of the dangers of smoking both on the walls and on a television set. This approach BEST illustrates:

aversive conditioning.

To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment BEST illustrates:

transference.

When patients in psychoanalysis begin to have feelings toward their therapist such as love or hatred, and those feelings are linked to other relationships they have had or have, they are experiencing:

Behavioral conditioning therapies

_____ have been shown to be effective in treating sexual dysfunctions.

Family

_____ therapy presumes that psychological disorders are the result of stressful relationships.