LearningCurve 6a.

_____ was the scientist whose experiments with dogs led to the discovery of classical conditioning.

Ivan Pavlov

_____ is the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response.

Spontaneous recovery

Five-year-old Arianna is frightened by the noise thunder makes. Arianna associates lightning with thunder because lightning always precedes thunder. Thus, when Arianna sees lightning, she often cries in anticipation that she will hear thunder soon afterward. This is an example of _____ conditioning.

classical

Lightning is associated with thunder and always precedes it. Thus, when we see lightning, we often anticipate that we will hear thunder soon afterward. This is an example of:

classical conditioning

Because we are human, language allows us to learn things we have neither experienced nor observed. This type of learning is called:

cognitive learning

_____ is the process of learning associations.

conditioning

A scientist conditions a dog to salivate in response to the sound of a high-pitched tone. The researcher then presents a low-pitched tone. The dog fails to salivate. The dog is demonstrating:

discrimination

Pavlov's dog stopped salivating to the tone when the food was no longer paired with the tone. This is an example of:

extinction

In Watson and Rayner's experiment with Little Albert, the _____ was the unconditioned response (UR).

fear of a loud noise

John just started his vacation from work and scheduled a tee time with friends to play golf Monday morning. On Monday morning, he started driving his car to work instead of the golf course. Driving his car to work instead of the golf course is an example of:

habitual behavior

Macy gave her dog a treat each time he came to Macy when she called him by name. Soon the dog came every time Macy called him by name. This is an example of:

operant conditioning

In his experiments, Pavlov found that _____ often occurred after a conditioned response was extinguished if the tone was presented again after a few hours without the CS or the US.

spontaneous recovery