LearningCurve 7a. Studying Memory; Building Memories: Encoding; Memory Storage; Retrieval

While auditory sensory memory can last for _____, visual sensory memory lasts for _____. a. tenths of a second; 3 to 4 seconds b. 3 to 4 seconds; one-quarter of a second c. 30 to 40 seconds; half a second d. 3 to 4 minutes; half a minute

3 to 4 seconds; one-quarter of a second

A group of 50-year-old adults is asked to think about their high school classmates. Although they have difficulty recalling their classmates, when presented with their yearbooks they can recognize about _____ percent of their pictures and names. a. 50 b. 35 c. 75 d. 90

90

Kaleb decided to go to his 25-year high school reunion. He looked in his yearbook to see whose picture he might recognize. According to research, he should expect to recognize _____ percent of his classmates' pictures. a. 90 b. 75 c. 35 d. 50

90

Jamaal has to make an important phone call. Unfortunately, his cell phone is not charged and he has to use his landline, which does not store phone numbers. To make the call, he has to get the number from his cell phone and remember it long enough to dial on his landline. For this task, _____ memory is MOST important. a. working b. long-term c. flashbulb d. echoic

working

Damage to the _____ would MOST likely interfere with learning a conditioned fear response to the sight of a dog that had bitten you on several occasions. a. hypothalamus b. basal ganglia c. cerebellum d. hippocampus

cerebellum

Studying for one's psychology test requires _____. It takes attention and conscious effort, but pays off with lasting and accessible memories. a. implicit memory b. parallel processing c. automatic processing d. effortful processing

effortful processing

To "get information into our brain" is to: a. retrieve. b. store. c. decode. d. encode.

encode.

Kirsten is trying to remember events from her life as an 18-month-old. However, as hard as she might try, she has no conscious memory for anything that occurred before her third birthday. This is likely due to the fact that her _____, which is involved in storing explicit memories, was not fully developed at that age.

hippocampus

Some patients suffering from amnesia are incapable of recalling events. Yet they can be conditioned to blink their eyes in response to a specific sound. They have MOST likely suffered damage to the brain's _____.

hippocampus

In the _____ effect, the first items in a list are better-remembered than the middle items in a list. a. testing b. recency c. primacy d. serial position

primacy

An essay test is a good example of a test of: a. recognition. b. recall. c. relearning. d. retrieval.

recall.

Jackson is happy to hear that his class final will be all multiple-choice questions, as he feels he has a better chance to pass the class by using _____.

recognition

Joe is happy to hear that his class final will be all multiple-choice questions, as he feels he has a better chance to pass the class by using: a. recognition. b. recall. c. relearning. d. reconstruction.

recognition.

relearning

A test of relearning would involve measuring the time it takes to learn something a second time.

Melissa adequately studied for her short-answer psychology exam. However, while taking the final she could not remember the material she previously retained. According to the computer information-processing model of memory Melissa is having difficulty with _____.

Retrieval

Deep brain structures involved in movement and the formation of our procedural memories for skills are the: a hypothalamus. b. cerebellum. c. basal ganglia. d. hippocampus.

basal ganglia.

In daily life, when one says one "remembers" some information or a piece of knowledge, one means that one is able to use it. Memory, therefore, entails not only encoding and storage, but also _____.

retrieval

Darlene is trying to remember the name of a woman sitting next to her on the bus. She knows she met her at a party, and she is trying to remember which one. Darlene is able to imagine where the woman was seated at the party, as well as what she was eating. Darlene is using _____ to remember the woman's name. a. implicit memory b. retroactive inhibition c. proactive inhibition d. retrieval cues

retrieval cues

Oliver is trying to make an online purchase, but he doesn't have his credit card. He calls his wife, who reads the 16-digit credit card number to him. Unfortunately, Oliver cannot remember the number long enough to type it into the computer. This is because: a. the serial position effect is interfering. b. his iconic memory is interfering. c. short-term memory is limited in duration and capacity. d. he is rehearsing too hard.

short-term memory is limited in duration and capacity.