Lesson 1 Quiz

Memory compaction is also referred to as ____.

defragmentation

Each peripheral device has its own software, called a(n) ____, which contains the detailed instructions required to start that device, allocate it to a job, use the device correctly, and deallocate it when it's appropriate.

device driver

With ____ operating systems, users can think they are working with a system using one processor, when in fact they are connected to a cluster of many processors working closely together.

distributed

The ____ method keeps the free/busy lists organized by memory locations, from low-order memory to high-order memory.

first-fit memory allocation

When reading an instruction, the operating system can tell the ____ of each group of digits by its location in the line and the operation code.

function

The phenomenon of less-than-complete use of memory space in a fixed partition is called ____.

internal fragmentation

The most common mechanism for implementing multiprogramming was the introduction of the ____ concept, whereby the CPU was notified of events needing operating systems services.

interrupt

The name for the core portion of an operating system is the ____.

kernel

The four memory management techniques presented in this chapter share the requirement that the entire program being executed must be ____.

loaded into memory

Main memory is also known as ____.

random access memory

Single-user, fixed partition, and dynamic partition memory schemes share unacceptable fragmentation characteristics that were resolved with the development of ____.

relocatable dynamic partitions

The fixed partition scheme works well when ____.

all jobs are of similar size

A hybrid system is a combination of ____ systems.

batch and interactive

The goal of the ____ memory allocation algorithm is to find the smallest memory block into which a job will fit.

best-fit

In a relocatable dynamic partition scheme, the ____ ensures that, during execution, a program won't try to access memory locations that don't belong to it.

bounds register

____ is where the data and instructions of a computer must reside to be processed.

Main memory

In a single-user system, jobs are processed ____.

sequentially

Fixed partitions are also called ____ partitions.

static

A system with ____ divides programs into parts and keep them in secondary storage, bringing each part into memory only as it is needed.

virtual memory

A ____ chip holds software that is used to start the computer.

ROM

The ____ uniquely identifies each resource, starts its operation,monitors its progress, and, finally, deallocates it, making the operating system available to the next waiting process.

Device Manager

____ is the practice of using Internet-connected resources to perform processing, storage, or other operations.

Cloud computing

____ of memory is performed by the operating system to reclaim fragmented sections of the memory space.

Compaction

____ consists of fragments of free memory between blocks of allocated memory.

External fragmentation

With the development of ____ technology, a single chip was equipped with two or more processor cores.

Multicore