Lesson 22 23.15-24.5

Put the following urinary structures in order to represent the flow of newly produced urine: 1) minor calyx 2) renal pelvis 3) ureter 4) major calyx 5) renal papilla

5, 1, 4, 2, 3

Of all the energy released in catabolism, about ________ percent is lost as heat warms the surrounding tissues.

60

The minimum resting energy expenditure of an awake, alert person is called

basal metabolic rate

Put the following urinary structures in order as urine is produced and eliminated from the body 1) liver. 2) urinary bladder. 3) kidney. 4) ureter. 5) urethra.

3,4,2,5

Name the major excretory organs of the urinary system

kidneys

Which structure of the kidney functions to reabsorb nutrients from the filtrate?

proximal convoluted tubule

The left kidney lies _____ to the right kidney.

slightly superior

Define a balanced diet

All of the nutrients needed to maintain homeostasis and prevent malnutrition.

Describe how blood enters and leaves the glomerulus.

Blood enters by the afferent arteriole and leaves by the efferent arteriole.

Predict the effect of peripheral vasodilation on a person's body temperature.

Body temp would decrease.

From deep to superficial, put the following layers of the kidney in order:

Cortex, renal capsule, perinephric fat, renal fascia

It's been 5 hours since you had breakfast and now you're thinking about trying the New Mexican lunch place that just opened up across the street. The more you think about it, the hungrier you get. Your increased hunger is the result of the ________ that your empty stomach is releasing into your bloodstream.

Grehlin

Which statement regarding long-term regulation of appetite is true?

Leptin, a peptide hormone released by adipose tissues as they synthesize triglycerides, stimulates the satiety center.

Briefly describe phenylketonuria

PKU is an inherited metabolic disorder resulting from an inability to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine.

Define protein deficiency disease, and cite an example.

Protein deficiency diseases are nutritional disorders resulting from a lack of one or more essential amino acids and kwashiorkor is an example.

Define vasa recta

The vasa recta are long, straight capillaries that that parallel the nephron loop.

What is the function of the vasa recta?

collect and transport water and solutes within the renal medulla in the juxtamedullary nephron

Which renal structure begins in the renal cortex and carries tubular fluid through the osmotic gradient in the renal medulla?

collecting duct

Which type of nephron is essential for water conservation and concentrated urine production?

juxtamedullary nephrons