Lesson 3 Investigates how instructions and data are represented in computers and exploit them in arithmetic and logic operations

Octal number system

-Base/Radix - 8 -Digits used - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Conversions

-Decimal numbers covert as Binary.Octal and Hexadecimal. -Binary numbers convert as Octal and Hexadecimal. -Octal numbers convert as Decimal,Binary and Hexadecimal. -Hexadecimal numbers convert as Decimal,Binary and Octal.

Decimal number system

-Each number system is made of a unit, number and Base and/Radix. Unit -A single object Eg; a mango, a rupee, a day Number -A symbol that represents a unit or quantity. Base/Radix -A number of symbols used in a number system -The base of any number system is indicated in decimal numbers. Base/Radix - 10 Digits used - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Binary number system

-The number system used by computers; it has only two numbers, 0 and 1, called binary digits, or bits. -Base/Radix - 2 -Digits used - 0, 1

Hexa-Decimal number system

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 A B C D E F

Most Significant Bit (MSB) and Least Significant Bit (LSB)

1001 = (MSB) 1 (LSB) 1 011.101 = (MSB) 1 (LSB) 1

Most Significant Digit (MSD) and Least Significant Digit (LSD)

329 = (MSD) 3 (LSD) 9 58.32 = (MSD) 5 (LSD) 2

Where was the concept of the number system used

Abacus

Number System

Group of numbers that the computer can understand.

Integers

The set of whole numbers and their opposites. -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,.....