Lifespan Development Final Exam (Ch. 10-15)

Infertility is often defined as being unable to conceive after _____ months of trying to get pregnant.

12

Suicidal ideation is most common around age _____.

15

What percentage of older adults are active in political campaigns?

2%

What percentage of those aged 65 to 74 in the United States has never married?

5%

Harvey's doctor prescribed a heart medicine that led to digestive problems in Harvey. He saw a different doctor for that issue and was prescribed another drug, which led to headaches. Yet another doctor prescribed another drug for his headaches. Harvey has just experienced _____.

A prescribing cascade

All of the following beliefs reflect cognitive flexibility EXCEPT _____.

A. A person's perspective is only one of many B. A problem has many potential solutions C. Life plans are static D. Knowledge is dynamic

Which individual is most likely to be an STI vector?

A. Carlton, age 15 B. Jared, age 23 C. Dean, age 39 D. Sean, age 55

According to the text, which of the following is NOT a possible reason for the decrease in juvenile criminal behavior?

A. Fewer school dropouts B. Lenient drug laws C. Smaller families D. Less lead poisoning

Which individual is most at risk for significant brain loss by age 65?

A. Kevin, who jogs 3 miles five days a week B. Hank, who drinks five beers per day C. Oswald, who has normal blood pressure D. Jerome, who watches three hours of TV a day

Which of the following is NOT an example of a healthy approach to sexuality in older adulthood?

A. Mary and Don, married 47 years, have sexual intercourse three times a month, and feel completely satisfied with hugs and kisses in between. B. After her divorce, Elle has relegated sexual intercourse to her past, and doesn't seek sexual connections with new partners. C. After the death of her husband of 35 years, Judy invited her new romantic partner to live with her. He sleeps in the guest bedroom, and they live apart together. D. Recently, Tony read an article that said that elderly couples can have just as active sexual lives as they did in earlier adulthood. He has been pressuring his wife, Margaret, to have sex with him every night since then.

Exercise does all of the following EXCEPT _____.

A. Reduce blood pressure B. strengthen the heart and lungs C. make depression less likely D. make serious illness more likely

Generally, when is physical touch most likely to occur between two male friends?

A. When they greet each other B. When they say goodbye C. When their favorite team wins a football game D. When their favorite team loses a football game

Which individual is MOST likely to have a lower IQ as a consequence of weathering?

A. a 4-year-old European American B. a 4-year-old African American C. a 40-year-old European American D. a 40-year-old African American

Which example relies MOST heavily on crystallized intelligence?

A. putting together a puzzle B. knowing the chemical symbols for various elements C. recalling a list of 10 words D. analyzing relationships between concepts

Today, most never-married older adults are _____.

About as happy as people in long term marriages

A person who has many of the personality traits associated with extroversion would be described as _____.

Active and outgoing

An individual who commits crimes during adolescence but stops by the age of 21 is considered a(n) _____.

Adolescence-limited offender

The idea that opportunities and roles are determined based on age is referred to as _____.

Age stratification

As he holds the door open for an elderly woman, a middle-aged man says, "After you, Young Lady." This interaction is an example of _____.

Ageism

The Big Five personality traits _____.

Are apparent in every culture and era

An intermediate form of care for older adults is _____.

Assisted living

Which type of parenting can "boomerang," resulting in adolescents who learn to deceive their parents?

Authoritarian

After hearing test results from her doctor, Erin realized her weight was really impacting her health. With respect to the process of changing a habit, what step is Erin at?

Awareness

Tessa is in her bedroom with her mother. Tessa's mother exclaims, "You need to get these clothes off the floor right now!" Tessa replies, "It's my room and I will leave things where I want." Tessa's mother responds, "I am your mother and you will do what I say." This is an example of _____.

Bickering

An arrangement in which a couple lives together in a committed romantic relationship but is not formally married is referred to as _____.

Cohabitation

One study found that the short allele of the serotonin transporter promoter gene (5-HTTLPR) contributes to increased rates of depression among all girls, but only among boys who _____.

Come from low-socioeconomic status communities

A long-term committed partnership correlates with health and happiness throughout adulthood and late adulthood. For most people, then, _____ is the crucial aspect of love in a partnership.

Commitment

Gertrude has accumulated such large piles of old papers and magazines that she can no longer use her table or desk, and she has held on to so much old furniture and clothing that many rooms in her home cannot be entered. In her attempts to hang on to various material items from her life, Gertrude developed _____.

Compulsive hoarding

Bickering between parents and adolescents is most likely to _____.

Concern personal habits and dress

Storage mechanisms, retrieval strategies, selective attention, and problem solving are all considered _____.

Control Processes

In the United States, parent-child conflict is most common when children are in _____.

Early Adolescence

Gordon is a 21-year-old American. According to the text, Gordon is in the developmental stage of _____.

Emerging adulthood

Shaunquelle has recently finished high school and is now attending college. After earning her undergraduate degree she plans to continue on to graduate school. In addition, she is not seriously dating anyone and thinks marriage and parenthood are years away. Shaunquelle is at which developmental stage?

Emerging adulthood

Malcolm has just taken a position as an emergency room nurse. He is likely to notice _____.

Emerging adults with a variety of injuries

In which coping style do people try to change their attitude about a stressor?

Emotion-focused

All of Paulo and Geneva's children have moved out, started families, and are working on their careers. According to the text, Paulo and Geneva's home is now a(n) _____.

Empty nest

Practical intelligence is supported by _____.

Experience and adaptability

Forms of recreation that include apparent risk of injury or death and that are attractive and thrilling as a result are referred to as _____ sports.

Extreme

Individuals who are accepted into a family that is not their legal or genetic family are called _____.

Fictive Kin

How many levels are in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Five

The expert artist, musician, or scientist is creative and curious, deliberately experimenting and enjoying the challenge when things do not go according to plan. This suggests that their thinking is more _____.

Flexible

People's acceptance of the roles and behaviors that they define as male or female is referred to as their _____ identity.

Gender

Mel is a retired stockbroker who enjoys tutoring children at the local YMCA after school. He is demonstrating the psychosocial stage of _____.

Generativity versus stagnation

Compared with single older adults, married older adults tend to be _____.

Happier and wealthier

After the children are grown, most married couples _____.

Have adequate time for their relationship

Which parts of the brain shrink the most in later life?

Hippocampus and prefrontal cortex

Malcolm's parents wanted him to be part of the family business—and Malcolm planned to do so. Then, at age 17, he decided to leave the business to study to be a lawyer. Malcolm resisted _____.

Identity Foreclosure

Erikson's fifth stage of development is _____.

Identity versus role confusion

Research has found that cohabitation prior to marriage _____.

Increases the likelihood of divorce

Cohabitation is _____ and marriage rates are _____ with adults.

Increasing; decreasing

What is Erikson's third stage of adulthood?

Integrity versus despair

Susan's grandmother, at age 80, is engaged in the personal journey of connecting her life with the historical and cultural purpose of human society. The grandmother is in which of Erikson's psychosocial stages?

Integrity vs. despair

The personal gratifications, such as pleasure in a job well done or friendship with coworkers, that accompany employment are known as _____ rewards.

Intrinsic

Mr. Riser lives in the same house as his grandchildren and cares for them every day. His grandparenting is _____.

Involved

All members of a family have _____, as the experiences and needs of individuals at one stage of life are affected by all those at other stages.

Linked lives

An analysis of stressful events found that _____ had the greatest effect on adult happiness.

Losing a job

The recent effort by countries around the world to increase the number of young people attending college is prompted by national governments' belief in _____.

Massification

_____ is the oldest possible age that members of a species can attain, whereas _____ is the number of years the average newborn in a particular population group is likely to live.

Maximum lifespan; average lifespan

Without any thoughtful consideration, Britton took on an identity that is the opposite of what his parents want for him. Britton has adopted a(n) _____.

Negative Identity

Samuel is moody, anxious, and self-punishing. Samuel is high in _____.

Neuroticism

When older Americans move, they are most likely to move _____.

Not far from their old residence

Due to a job loss and divorce, 25-year-old Jerome has been under an enormous amount of stress, yet he still feels good physically. The fact that Jerome's body can continue to function well under this stress is likely due to _____.

Organ reserve

The condition involving fragile bones is called _____.

Osteoporosis

Parents' awareness of where their adolescents are, what they are doing, and with whom they are doing it is referred to as _____.

Parental monitoring

Common ways to be generative include caregiving, employment, and _____.

Parenthood

Researchers believe that Alzheimer's disease is _____ genetic.

Partly

_____ is a common condition because many elderly people take many different prescription drugs.

Polypharmacy

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of typical elder volunteers?

Poor health

Control processes depend on which part of the brain?

Prefrontal cortex

A study of women in the United States age 40 and older found that _____.

Sexual activity decreased each decade but satisfaction did not

The first visible signs of senescence are usually observed in a person's _____.

Skin

When developmentalists use the term expert, they usually mean a person who _____.

Specializes in activities that are personally meaningful

The worry that one's appearance or behavior will be misused to confirm another person's oversimplified, prejudiced attitude is referred to as _____.

Stereotype threat

A study of 7,578 adults in seven nations found that physical separation between parents and adult children _____.

Strengthened the relationships between parents and adult children

Gloria finds that she often thinks about killing herself. This is called _____.

Suicide/suicidal ideation

The major cause of Parkinson's disease is _____.

The degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons

Bill was in a minor car accident in the grocery store parking lot. He backed his car into another car that was also backing out of a parking space. The other driver honked but Bill didn't stop. Why not?

The honking did not cross his sensory threshold

A major neurocognitive disorder is _____

The pathological loss of brain functioning

A group of friends, all about 60 years of age, are playing dominos. What characteristic of senescence do they MOST likely have in common?

Their faces have wrinkles.

In the Seattle Longitudinal Study, the cognitive complexity of the occupations of more than 500 workers was measured, including the complexities involved in the workers' interactions with other people, with things, and with data. Older workers maintained _____.

Their intellectual prowess in interactions with other people, with things, and with data

George developed Alzheimer's disease well before the age of 60; early Alzheimer's disease is associated with a condition that George was born with called _____.

Trisomy-21

Schaie's cross-sequential research on intellectual development studied _____.

Verbal meaning, spatial orientation, inductive reasoning, number ability, and word fluency

In what way are older Americans the LEAST politically active?

Volunteering on political campaigns

Research indicates that the sexually active teens MOST likely to have an STI have parents who _____.

Warn them to stay away from sex

Xander and Josephina have been married for 60 years. When asked to share their secret to a long marriage, Xander replied _____.

We have learned how to disagree

The ability to hold information in memory for a moment before evaluating, calculating, and inferring its significance is known as _____.

Working memory

When a class is conducted totally online, it is called _____.

a MOOC

ADLs are _____.

activities of daily life

Older immigrants tend to be _____.

lonely and poor, without a U.S. work history or the benefit of extended family life to support them

One reason that the teenage pregnancy rate in most European nations is less than half of that in the United States may be because _____.

of the European sex-education curriculum