LIFESPAN FINAL study guide part 3 (chap 5-6)

The sexual double standard:

doesn't apply when looking at which gender initiates sex.

Jeremy is celebrating his third birthday. Which life stage is he entering?

early childhood

All are effective treatments for eating disorders EXCEPT:

encouraging teens to date more frequently.

When people enter formal operations, they can do all of the following EXCEPT:

enter a zone of proximal development.

According to this chapter, adolescence is:

a tumultuous but exciting time of life.

"Everyone is watching me and judging me." In Elkind's framework, this is a classic example of _____, and this young person is roughly 12 or 13.

adolescent egocentrism

Jeremy's mother asks her son where he put his new dump truck. Jeremy replies, "It is sleeping." Jeremy is showing signs of _____, and he is probably _____.

animism; in preschool

According to David Elkind, young teens become angry, resentful, and rebellious because they:

are entering formal operations, and so understand the contradictions between what adults say and how they act.

When a child states "Daddy made the moon," they are showing:

artificialism.

The devastating condition that hinders theory of mind abilities is:

autism.

Adolescents use _____ memories to construct an identity.

autobiographical

8. Zola, a new third-grade teacher, wants her male and female students to play together and have best friends of the opposite sex. Zola needs to understand that:

boys and girls may play together but usually stick to their own gender for best friends.

Which eating disorders involve out-of-control eating?

bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder

Disruptive and aggressive behavior in children may indicate:

externalizing tendencies.

The talents involved in drawing or writing letters are _____ skills.

fine motor

Becky is in kindergarten and is learning how to write her name. She is developing:

fine motor skills.

The timing of puberty is determined by:

genetics and a variety of environmental forces.

Family stress predicts earlier than normal puberty in _____.

girls alone

Josh is a typical teen attending a large public high school. Josh is LEAST likely to:

have friends in every crowd at school.

Children who are incredibly anxious, timid, and frightened:

have internalizing tendencies.

According to the research, above all else, teens feel totally loved when their parents:

have made incredible sacrifices for their well-being.

Gangs serve all of the following purposes EXCEPT:

helping children overcome academic difficulties.

Which force does NOT influence U.S. teens making the transition to sexual intercourse?

living in an urban area

Lydia is about to enter puberty. Statistically speaking, in which order will the changes occur?

menarche; breasts and pubic hair begin developing; growth spurt begins

Which is a primary sexual characteristic?

menstruation

The word sounds of language are called:

phonemes.

Feliciano decides not to rob a backpack from an open locker at school because he is afraid of getting caught. Feliciano is operating at Kohlberg's _____ level of moral reasoning.

preconventional

Which is a secondary sexual characteristic?

pubic hair growth

Vocabularies can be expected to continue to grow...

throughout the lifespan.

9. Who is the typical bullying target?

unpopular children

Slow development of the frontal lobe explains all of the following EXCEPT:

why cognition tends to decline with age.

Dr. Down is lecturing on depression. Which is NOT a statement he can make on this subject?

"Depression rates rise for males during the teenage years."

Earliest memories are of age:

3 or 4 years.

Shelly is a home school advocate and has taught her own children for the past seven years. Currently, her youngest is six years old. Right now, "school" centers around play, reading to her daughter, and field trips. Shelly believes that real school work should begin around age _____ because this is the age when children enter concrete operations.

7

Which early-maturing teen is LEAST at risk of getting into trouble?

Chuanli, who is religious and lives in a restrictive society

Which teenage girl is MOST likely to be dieting?

Hideko, whose role model is Audrey Hepburn

You are taking this test, and it's so, so easy to look over to the next person's answers, but you think, "No." What would be your reasoning if you are at Kohlberg's postconventional stage of moral development?

I personally believe that cheating is morally wrong.

Which teenage stereotype is FALSE?

Most teens drink and abuse drugs.

Adolescence became a defined life stage in the United States when:

President Franklin Roosevelt encouraged universal high school attendance.

_____ is the term for all the internal and external changes involved in becoming physically an adult.

Puberty

The first hormone that signals the onset of puberty is in the _____.

hypothalamus

Research suggests that it's a good sign for a person's future development if, during high school, that teen is heavily involved:

in school clubs.

4. The Erikson stage during which children test their abilities such as climbing high in a tree is called:

initiative versus guilt.

Four-year-old Jose just received a game that involves placing foam numbers into a template. As Jose looks for where each number belongs, his mother notices that he is mumbling "eight," "six," and so forth. Jose is showing what Vygotsky called _____ to master this task.

inner speech

Children who are excessively timid, self-conscious, and depressed may have _____ tendencies.

internalizing

If Hernando is a typical teen, arguments with his parents are MOST apt to concern:

lack of freedom, or having too many rules.

6. Japanese children may be _____ than U.S. children.

less apt to take credit for prosocial acts

Being seriously sleep deprived as a teen predicts all of the following EXCEPT:

less interest in sports.

5. People who feel sympathy rather than empathy for others are _____ likely to help people in need because _____.

more; empathy can cause anxiety and the desire to run away

Thriving teens have all of the following qualities EXCEPT:

no interest in taking risks.

Compared to menarche, spermarche is:

not discussed, or more hidden.

7. When William Corsaro went undercover as an "oversized three-year-old," he found that preschool play plots:

often centered on mastering upsetting events.

In the United States, childhood obesity started to become a serious during:

the 1980s.

The cerebral cortex takes until _____ to physiologically mature.

the 20s