Lifetime Fitness Chp. 6

Storage Fat

Excess fat reserves stored in the body

Visceral Fat

Fat stored in the abdomen and around the organs

Subcutaneous Fat

Fat stored just beneath the skin

Body composition refers to ...

The relative amount of fat and fat-free mass in the body and is generally reported in terms of the percentage of fat in the body

Body composition

The relative amounts of fats and fat free mass in the body

Adipose Tissue

Tissue where fat is stored in the body

Essential Fat

Body fat that is necessary for physiological functioning

Skinfold test

A field test used to estimate body composition; representative samples of subcutaneous fat are measured using calipers to estimate the overall level of body fat

Diabetes

A metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels that is associated with increased risk for for heart disease, kidney disease, nerve dysfunction, & eye damage

Bioelectrical Impedence Analysis (BIA)

A method of assessing body composition by running a low-level electrical current through the body

Hydrostatic Weighing

A method of determining body composition that involves weighing an individual on land and in a tank of water

Android pattern

A pattern of fat distribution characterized by fat stored in the abdominal region; more common in men

Gynoid Pattern

A pattern of fat distribution characterized by fat stored in the hips and thighs; more common in women

Waist-to-hip ratio

A ratio of the waist and hip circumferences with the android pattern of obesity

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A ration of body weight (kg) divided by height squared used to determine whether a person is at a healthy body weight; BMI is related to the percentage of body fat

Creeping Obesity

A slow increase in body weight and percentage of body fat over several years

Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

A technique for assessing body composition using a low radiation X-ray; it is typically used in research or clinical settings and is considered a gold-standard measure

Air Displacement

A technique used to assess body composition by estimating body volume based on air displaced when a person sits in a chamber

Overweight

A weight above the recommended level for health

Obese

An excessive amount of fat in the body, typically above 25% for men and 35% for women