Linux Final Exam

pwconv

A system that uses an /etc/passwd file only can be converted to use /etc/shadow for security by using what command?

-L

A user account can be locked with the usermod command using what option?

lpstat

Adding the -t option to what command below will provide a list of all printers on the system and their status?

fg

After a background process has been started, what command below can be used to move it to the foreground?

newaliases

After modifying the /etc/aliases file, what command must be run in order to rebuild the aliases database?

hexadecimal

An IPv6 IP address consists of 16-bit numbers in what numbering scheme?

rpm2cpio

An RPM package can be converted to a cpio archive using what command?

8-bit

Each octet in an IP address represents a binary number consisting of how many bits / bytes?

@server

How can you specify the intended DNS server to query with the dig command?

three

How many DNS servers can be configured in the /etc/resolv.conf file?

64

How many different kill signals can be sent by the kill command to a given process?

:

IPv6 IP addresses are delimited by what character below?

6

If no level of compression is specified, the gzip command assumes what compression level?

0

In NTP, what stratum consists of atomic devices or GPS clocks?

sixth

In a cron table entry, what field specifies the absolute pathname to a command that is to be executed?

tzselect

In order to change the time zone of a system after installation, what command must be used?

useradd

In order to create user accounts on a Linux system, what command should be utilized?

-l

In order to display a list of at job IDs, what option can be specified to the at command?

apt-get

In order to download DPM packages, what command should be used below?

net.ipv4.ip_forward

In order to enable IP routing on Linux at boot, what setting must be configured in /etc/sysctl.conf?

lp

In order to send a print job to a printer using CUPS, what command must be used?

process state

In the output of the ps -l command, what column is the most valuable to systems administrators because it indicates what the process is currently doing?

The process is currently running on the processor.

In the process state column, what does an "R" indicate?

RPM

Most Linux distributions make use of what package manager?

0

On Linux, the root user always has a UID of what number?

/var/spool/at

On a Fedora based system, where are the shell environment and scheduled commands for at stored?

0

Processes are started with what nice value by default?

package dependency

RPM packages that require other RPM packages to be installed on a system prior to being installed creates a relationship known as?

/etc/named.conf

Select below the configuration file that is used to configure the BIND / DNS server:

DROP DATABASE

Select the SQL statement below that can be used to delete a database:

ping

Select the command that can be used to send a small TCP/IP packet to another IP address and await a response:

-p

Select the option that can be used with the lpstat command to display a list of printers that are enabled:

-l

Select the option that, when used with the gzip command, causes the compression ratio for files that have been compressed to be listed:

40-50

The Adaptive Lempel-Ziv compression algorithm used by the compress utility is capable of an average compression ratio of what percent?

TCP 80

The Apache daemon listens for HTTP requests on what port by default?

631

The CUPS Web administration tool can be accessed via web browser by accessing what TCP port below?

514

The System Log Daemon uses what TCP and UDP port to accept incoming requests from another System Log Daemon on a remote system?

nine

The dump/restore utility is limited to a maximum of how many different incremental backups?

/etc/ssh/sshd_config

The sshd daemon is configured by editing what configuration file?

newgrp

To change the primary group temporarily to another group that is listed in the output of the groups and id commands, you can use which command below?

MX

What DNS resource record type is used to provide the IP address for the e-mail server for a zone?

!

What FTP command runs a shell on the local computer?

pg_dump

What PostgreSQL command-line utility backs up PostgreSQL database settings?

alert

What System Log Daemon priority indicates an error that should be rectified immediately, such as a corrupt system database?

parent process ID

What can be used on a Linux system to trace the lineage of each child process?

&

What character, when appended to a command, causes the command to be run in the background?

pstree

What command below is used to display the lineage of a process by tracing its PPIDs until the init daemon?

ifconfig

What command can be used to assign a TCP/IP configuration to a NIC as well as view the current configuration of all network interfaces?

zcat

What command can be used to display the contents of a file that was compressed with the compress utility?

dpkg-query

What command can be used to search for DPM package information?

ntp_query

What command can be used to see what actual time servers are being used for synchronization?

traceroute

What command can be used to troubleshoot routing by displaying all routers between the current computer and a remote computer?

hwclock

What command can be used to view and modify the date and time within the BIOS?

make

What command looks for a Makefile and uses the information within to compile the source code into binary programs using the appropriate compiler program for the local hardware architecture?

login.defs

What configuration file contains parameters that set the default location for e-mail, password expiration information, minimum password length, and the range of UIDs and GIDs available for use?

/dev/nht0

What device file below indicates the first ATAPI IDE tape device (nonrewinding)?

DirectoryIndex index.html

What directive below in Apache's httpd.conf file specifies that the index.html file in the document root directory will be sent to clients who request an HTML document?

mput filename

What ftp command uploads the filename from the current directory on the local computer to the current directory on the remote computer, and allows the use of wildcard metacharacters to specify the filename.

256-bit

What is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption algorithm's largest key length size?

60%-70%

What is the average compression ratio for the gzip utility using the LZ77 compression algorithm?

50

What is the default print job priority for all print jobs created by the lp command?

15

What is the maximum number of characters that can be used in a NetBIOS name?

TCP/IP

What is the most commonly used LAN protocol?

255.255.0.0

What is the subnet mask for a Class B IP address?

255.255.255.0

What is the subnet mask for a Class C IP address?

SIGHUP

What kill signal stops a process, then restarts it with the same PID?

DNS

What kind of servers resolve fully qualified domain names to IP addresses for a certain namespace on the Internet?

secure

What log file contains information and error messages regarding network access generated by daemons such as ssd and xinetd?

127

What number indicates the lowest kernel priority (PRI) of a process possible?

-P

What option can be added to the dpkg command to remove a specified package from the system, including any configuration files used by the package?

-i

What option can be added to the netstat command in order to display network statistics?

-q

What option can be added to the rpm command in order to query packages?

-F

What option can be added to the rpm command to upgrade a specified package only if an older version exists on the system?

-r

What option can be added to the userdel command to remove the home directory of the target user?

SystemMaxUse

What option can be used in the journald configuration file to specify a file size limit to the event log?

-X

What option can be used with ssh to enable tunneling of X Windows information?

-e

What option can be used with the ps command to display an entire list of processes across all terminals and including daemons?

-d

What option should be used in conjunction with the lp command in order to specify the destination printer name?

-e

What option, when added to the crontab command, opens the vi editor with a user's cron table?

UDP 123

What port is used by the Network Time Protocol (NTP) for communication?

panic

What priority used by the System Log Daemon indicates a very serious system condition that would normally be broadcast to all users?

0-1023

What range of ports is considered to be "well-known"?

Secure Shell (SSH)

What tool below was designed as a secure remote access utility that encrypts information that passes across the network?

25

What well-known TCP port is utilized by the SMTP service?

yum grouplist

What yum command below can display a list of package group names?

/var/named/named.local

What zone configuration file contains a PTR record used to identify the loopback adapter?

%

When killing a background job with the kill command, the background job ID must be prefixed by what character below?

+

When there are multiple background processes executing in the shell, the jobs command indicates the most recent one with which symbol?

-f

When used with the compress command, what option below can be used to compress symbolic links?

-c

When used with the uncompress command, what option displays the contents of the compress file to Standard Output?

.Z

When using the compress utility, each file specified for compression is renamed with what extension?

The process is high priority.

When viewing the output of the ps ax command, what does a < symbol in the STAT column indicate for a process?

HELO

When working with Sendmail, what command can be used to test SMTP support?

/var/log/samba

Where are the log files for the Samba daemon located?

/var/www/html

Where is the default document root directory for the Apache web server?

/etc/skel

Where is the skeleton directory located on most Linux systems?

curl

Which command below can be used at a BASH command prompt to obtain a web page?

lpadmin

Which command should be used to restrict access to printers?

SIGQUIT

Which kill signal terminates a process by taking the process information in memory and saving it to a file called core on the hard disk in the current working directory?

device calls

Which of the following is not one of the three main types of Linux commands?