Liquid Penetrant Testing Level 2 (PT-2) General Examination
. Which of the following is not normally recommended? (a) Performing a fluorescent penetrant test following a visible penetrant test? (b) Performing a visible penetrant test following a fluorescent test (c) Removing excess penetrant with a water spray (d) Removing excess penetrant with towels moistened with solvent
a
A common application of an aluminium block containing quench cracks is to: (a) Determine penetrant test sensitivity (b) Compare performance of penetrant materials or processes (c) Determine effects of mechanical cleaning methods on penetrant test results (d) Determine effectiveness of cleaning techniques
a
An advantage of the post emulsifiable penetrant testing process is that: (a) Test pieces can be re-processed several times with little loss of sensitivity (b) It is the most economical penetrant testing process (c) It is highly susceptible to over washing (d) It is not self emulsifying
a
Application of penetrant to a test piece may be by: (a) Dipping, brushing or spraying (b) Spraying only (c) Bushing or spraying only (d) Dipping or spraying only
a
Emulsification time is less critical for the detection of: (a) Fine, tight cracks (b) Wide, shallow discontinuities (c) Internal porosity (d) None of the above
a
The act of determining the cause of an indication is called (a) Interpretation (b) Inspection (c) Evaluation (d) Determination
a
The most important penetrant test processing time to control is: (a) Penetrant dwell time (b) Emulsifier dwell time (c) Water rinse time (d) Development time
a
Which type of developer does not (!) provide a contrasting background against which to view penetrant indications? (a) Dry (b) Non-aqueous wet (c) Water soluble (d) Water suspendable
a
Which type of developer should not be used with a visible dye penetrant process? (a) Dry (b) Non-aqueous wet (c) Water soluble (d) Water suspendable
a
. The most significant advantage of the visible solvent removable penetrant process is? (a) Its suitability for penetrant testing of article with rough surfaces (b) Portability (c) Its non-corrosive properties (d) Ability to allow retest
b
A penetrant which contains an emulsifier is called: (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifiable (d) Solvent suspended
b
An advantage of emulsifier application by dipping is: (a) Excess penetrant is recovered in the emulsifier tank and reprocessed (b) All of the test object is coated at approximately the same time (c) Excess emulsifier drains back into the emulsifier tank for re-use (d) Hydrophilic scrubbing is then easier to perform
b
Indications which are caused by design or construction of the test piece are called? (a) Relevant (b) Non-relevant (c) False (d) Real
b
Over washing during excess penetrant removal is less likely with which penetrant testing process? (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifiable (d) Self emuslifying
b
The chief advantage of using a water washable penetrant process is: (a) Sensitivity (b) Safety (c) Water tolerance (d) Economics
b
The penetrant process best suited for use on parts with keyways and threads is: (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifiable (d) None of the above
b
The penetrant process best suited to use on parts with rough surfaces is: (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifiable (d) Magnetic particle
b
What is the most common source of penetrant bath contamination? (a) Emulsifier (b) Water (c) Developer (d) Solvent
b
Which type of developer would you use to obtain the highest sensitivity test results? (a) Dry (b) Non-aqueous wet (c) Aqueous wet (d) Lipophilic
b
While performing a fluorescent water washable penetrant test, which of the following steps should be performed under black light? (a) Penetrant application (b) Excess penetrant removal (c) Emulsification (d) Developer application
b
A penetrant testing method in which an emulsifier, separate from the penetrant, is used is called: (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifying (d) Self emulsifying
c
A penetrant testing method in which the degree of washability can be controlled by the operator is called: (a) Self emulsifying (b) Post emulsifiable (c) Water washable (d) Solvent removable
c
A penetrant which requires a separate emulsification step prior to removal from the surface of the test piece is called? (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifiable (d) Solvent suspended
c
A soft aluminium test piece is to be penetrant tested. The piece has previously been sand blasted to remove tightly adhering soils. What additional surface preparation should be performed? (a) Etching (b) Solvent cleaning (c) Ultrasonic cleaning (d) Grinding
c
Indications which are caused by something other than a discontinuity are called: (a) Relevant (b) Non-relevant (c) False (d) Real
c
Open, shallow discontinuities are best detected by which penetrant testing method? (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifiable (d) None of the above
c
The act of determining the effect of a discontinuity of the usefulness of a part is called: (a) Interpretation (b) Inspection (c) Evaluation (d) Determination
c
The human eye is most sensitive to which of the following types of light? (a) Yellow-green (b) Red (c) Blue-violet (d) Orang
c
The output of a mercury vapour black light depends on: (a) Cleanliness of its filter (b) Age of the bulb (c) Both a and b (d) None of the above
c
The penetrant process best suited for the detection of very fine discontinuities is: (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifiable (d) Magnetic particle
c
What amount of time is normally considered necessary for dark adaption of the eyes prior to performing a fluorescent penetrant test? (a) None required (b) 1 to 2 minutes (c) 3 to 5 minutes (d) 5 to 10 minutes
c
What are the two most important properties in determining the penetrating ability of a penetrant? (a) Viscosity and surface tension (b) Viscosity and contact angle (c) Surface tension and wetting ability (d) None of the above
c
When a mercury vapour black light is first turned on, what minimum warm-up time is normally required? (a) None (b) 2 to 3 minutes (c) 5 minutes (d) 10 minutes
c
When a mercury vapour black light is inadvertently cut off, approximately how long should it be allowed to cool before attempting to restart? (a) Not required (b) 2 to 3 minutes (c) 5 minutes (d) 10 minutes
c
When using a water washable penetrant testing process, why should the water rinse temperature remain constant? (a) To avoid changes in rinse efficiency (b) To maintain the temperature of the part (c) To avoid over washing (d) To avoid under washing
c
Which of the following is not (!) an advantage of a water washable fluorescent penetrant process? (a) Excess penetrant is easily removed with a water wash (b) It is well suited to testing large quantities of small parts (c) It is readily removed from shallow discontinuities (d) It has low cost, low processing time compared to the post emulsified penetrant process
c
Which penetrant test processes commonly use the same penetrants? (a) Water washable (b) Water washable and solvent removable (c) Solvent removable and post emulsifier (d) None of the above
c
Which type of casting is made in a metal mould? (a) Investment casting (b) Sand casting (c) Die casting (d) Lost wax process
c
Why might steel parts have a greater tendency towards rusting after penetrant testing? (a) Penetrant materials are normally corrosive (b) Penetrant materials residues are hydroscopic (c) Any protective oils are removed during penetrant testing (d) This is true only if the developer and penetrant residues are not removed after testing
c
. Contaminants which are commonly limited in penetrant materials are: (a) Hydrogen and chlorine (b) Carbon and sulphur (c) Hydrogen and carbon (d) Chlorine and sulphur
d
. Dried, non-aqueous developers are best removed after penetrant testing by: (a) Solvent cleaning (b) Wiping with a water dampened cloth (c) Wiping with a dry towel (d) Any of the above
d
. The fluorescent dyes used in the liquid penetrant testing process are most active when energised with black light of what wavelengths? (Å stands for angstrom units) (a) 2.0 × 10-7m (2000 Å) (b) 2.5 × 10-7m (2500 Å) (c) 3.25 × 10-7m (3250 Å) (d) 3.65 × 10-7m (3650 Å)
d
A disadvantage of the post emulsifiable penetrant process is that: (a) Test pieces can be re-processed several times with little loss of sensitivity (b) It is not very sensitive to open, shallow discontinuities (c) It is less sensitive to degradation in the presence of acids and chromates (d) Emulsifier application is an extra processing step
d
Acceptable methods to apply emulsifier are: (a) Dipping (b) Flowing (c) Spraying (d) All of the above
d
Mercury vapour black lights may be extinguished if the supply voltage drops below about: (a) 120 volts (b) 90 volts (c) 220 volts (d) 200 volts
d
What is the proper technique for removal of excess penetrant from a part when using a water washable penetrant process? (a) Fine spray normal to the surface (b) Coarse spray normal to the surface (c) Fine spray at 45 degrees to the surface (d) Coarse spray at 45 degrees to the surface
d
What type of penetrant process would be best suited to an application at near freezing temperatures? (a) Solvent removable (b) Water washable (c) Post emulsifiable (d) None of the above
d
Which of the following is normally considered acceptable practice? (a) Sand blasting a soft aluminium part during pre-cleaning (b) Performing a fluorescent penetrant test following a visible penetrant test (c) performing a re-test on a part tested with a water washable penetrant process (d) Removing excess penetrant with a water spray
d
