Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Disorders

The nurse observes another staff member providing care for a patient who has a chest tube in place. Which action by the staff member may result in increased air in the pleural space and requires the nurse to intervene? Clamps the chest tube while ambulating the patient in the hallway Seals the wound around the chest tube with a petroleum (airtight) gauze Moves the clamp down the tubing while assessing for an air leak Provides instructions related to bearing down when the tube is removed

Clamps the chest tube while ambulating the patient in the hallway

The registered nurse is evaluating the actions of a nursing student who is maintaining a chest drainage unit (CDU) for a patient with chest trauma. The nurse intervenes when the student performs which actions? Select all that apply. Coils the tubing above the chest level Expects air fluctuations in the water-seal chamber Verifies the presence of an air-occlusive dressing over the insertion site Connects the chest tube to wall suction to check for tidaling Positions the tubing so that the drainage flows freely from the insertion site to the collection chamber

Coils the tubing above the chest level Connects the chest tube to wall suction to check for tidaling

A patient with a spontaneous pneumothorax has a chest tube in place that is attached to a chest drainage unit (CDU) with no suction being applied. The water level in the water-seal chamber is fluctuating. Which action does the nurse take? Notify the health care provider immediately. Decrease the amount of water in the water-seal chamber. Continue to monitor and document the respiratory status. Clamp the chest tube as close as possible to the insertion site.

Continue to monitor and document the respiratory status

The nurse is assessing a patient who is hospitalized with suspected tuberculosis (TB) and expects which initial manifestations? Select all that apply. Dry cough that becomes productive Dyspnea Malaise Hemoptysis Low-grade fever Unexplained weight loss

Dry cough that becomes productive Malaise Low-grade fever Unexplained weight loss

The nurse is providing postoperative care for a patient following a left pneumonectomy. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention? Determining chest tube drainage every hour for the first 24 hours Positioning the patient on the back or the right side Auscultating the lung sounds on the left side every 15 minutes Encouraging range-of-motion exercises on the left upper extremity

Encouraging range-of-motion exercises on the left upper extremity

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and expects that which subcutaneous medication will be included in the patient's treatment plan? Warfarin Alteplase Enoxaparin Tissue plasminogen activator

Enoxaparin

A patient started treatment for sputum smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) 1 week prior to the home health nurse's visit. Which instructions does the nurse provide to the patient to minimize exposure to close contacts and household members? Select all that apply. Increase the intake of foods that are high in vitamin C. Ensure that the home is well ventilated. Sleep alone. Spend as much time as possible outdoors. Minimize time in congregate settings. Minimize time on public transportation

Ensure that the home is well ventilated. Sleep alone. Spend as much time as possible outdoors. Minimize time in congregate settings. Minimize time on public transportation.

A pediatric patient presents with a 2-week history of cough, clear sputum, headache, hoarseness, and myalgias. The patient has no significant medical history. The patient's parent asks why there is no plan to administer an antibiotic. How does the nurse respond? Explain that antibiotics are not required for the patient. Advise the parent to see another health care provider for a second opinion. Explain that pertussis is suspected and that bronchodilators are the treatment of choice. Clarify that antibiotics will be prescribed if the cough persists for another week

Explain that antibiotics are not required for the patient

Which type of chest surgery is indicated for a patient with chest trauma? Pneumonectomy Segmental resection Exploratory thoracotomy Lung volume reduction surgery

Exploratory thoracotomy

Which condition in a patient with chest trauma requires treatment with positive pressure ventilation? Flail chest Cardiac tamponade Hemopneumothorax Tension pneumothorax

Flail chest

A patient who is being treated at home for pneumonia reports fatigue to the home health nurse. Which instructions does the nurse provide for the patient? Select all that apply. Get adequate rest. Restrict fluid intake. Avoid alcohol and smoking. Resume work to build strength. Take every dose of the prescribed antibiotic

Get adequate rest Avoid alcohol and smoking Take every dose of the prescribed antibiotic

A patient with chest wall trauma has diminished breath sounds on the affected side, dyspnea, and bleeding in the chest wall. A chest tube is inserted immediately after the injury. Which diagnosis does the nurse expect to find in the patient's medical record? Flail chest Chylothorax Cardiac tamponade Hemopneumothorax

Hemopneumothorax

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. Upon assessment, the nurse notes a temperature of 101.4° F, a productive cough with yellow sputum, and a respiratory rate of 20 breaths/minute. Which is an appropriate nursing diagnosis? Hyperthermia related to infectious illness Ineffective thermoregulation related to chilling Ineffective breathing pattern related to pneumonia Ineffective airway clearance related to thick secretions

Hyperthermia related to infectious illness

The nurse provides education for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who is diagnosed with an infection of the lungs caused by Candida albicans. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching? "I will be given amphotericin B to treat the fungus." "I contracted this fungus because I am immunocompromised." "I need to be isolated from my family and friends so that they won't get the infection." "The effectiveness of my therapy can be monitored with fungal serology titers."

I need to be isolated from my family and friends so that they won't get the infection

The nurse determines that additional discharge teaching is needed for a patient with pneumonia when the patient makes which statement? "Improvement usually occurs in three to five days after taking the prescribed antibiotics." "Breathing exercises may help prevent future infections." "I should take antibiotics for all upper respiratory infections." "I will seek medical attention if I develop a fever or productive cough."

I should take antibiotics for all upper respiratory infections

The nurse determines effective discharge teaching for a patient with pneumonia when the patient makes which statement? "I should seek immediate medical treatment for any upper respiratory infections." "I should continue to do deep-breathing exercises for at least 12 weeks." "I will increase my food intake to 2400 calories a day to keep my immune system well." "I will need to have a follow-up chest x-ray in six to eight weeks to evaluate the pneumonia's resolution."

I will need to have a follow-up chest x-ray in six to eight weeks to evaluate the pneumonia's resolution."

The nurse presents education related to pulmonary embolism (PE) to a group of nursing students and includes which risk factors? Select all that apply. Immobility Pregnancy Pelvic surgery within the last three months Herbal therapy Cigarette smoking

Immobility Pregnancy Pelvic surgery within the last three months Cigarette smoking

Which instructions does the nurse provide to a patient with acute bronchitis? Select all that apply. Increase oral fluid intake. Avoid secondhand smoke. Maintain a 30-degree head elevation when in bed. Avoid throat lozenges because they may induce coughing. Eat a spoonful of honey to help relieve cough

Increase oral fluid intake Avoid secondhand smoke Eat a spoonful of honey to help relieve cough

Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to find during the respiratory assessment of a patient with pneumonia? Hyperresonance on percussion Vesicular breath sounds in all lobes Increased fremitus Coarse rhonchi in all lobes on auscultation

Increased fremitus

A patient with a 10-year history of regular (three beers per week) alcohol consumption began taking rifampin to treat tuberculosis (TB). During a follow-up visit one week after starting the medication, the patient tells the nurse, "In the last week, my urine turned orange, and I am very worried about it." How does the nurse respond? Inform the patient that it is one of the side effects of the medication. Recognize that the TB may have spread to the liver; further medical consultation is required. Recognize that the liver may be damaged from alcohol consumption; a liver function test should be performed. Instruct the patient to stop taking the medication immediately and consult the health care provider.

Inform the patient that it is one of the side effects of the medication

A patient's initial purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test result is positive. A repeat skin test is also positive. No signs or symptoms of tuberculosis or allergies are evident. Which medication therapy does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed? Penicillin Isoniazid (INH) Theophylline INH plus an antibiotic

Isoniazid (INH)

The nurse provides care for a patient with a chest tube flutter valve in place and recalls which information about the device? It allows patient mobility. It is used to evacuate fluid from the pleural space. It is attached to the internal end of the chest tube. It opens when the chest pressure is less than atmospheric pressure

It allows patient mobility

The nurse provides which information about the water-seal chamber on a chest drainage unit (CDU) when educating a group of nursing students? It contains 2 cm of water. It acts as a two-way valve. It receives fluid and air from the pleural space. It applies suction to the chest drainage system

It contains 2 cm of water

How does splinting the incision with a pillow benefit a patient who underwent surgery to repair chest trauma? It reduces pain perception. It facilitates deep breathing. It reduces the risk of an air leak. It increases perfusion at the site

It facilitates deep breathing

The nurse reviews the process for setting up a wet suction system that is attached to a chest tube and questions which step that is listed in the procedure? Keep the suction control chamber uncovered. Maintain the suction amount at -20 cm H2O pressure. Dial the wall suction regulator to 80 to 120 mm Hg. Dial the wall suction regulator until there is gentle bubbling in the suction control chamber

Keep the suction control chamber uncovered

A patient experiences a chest injury as a result of a motor vehicle accident. The patient's assessment findings include asymmetric chest excursion and an absence of breath sounds on the left side. Which condition does the nurse suspect? Left-sided pneumothorax Left-sided pleural effusion Pulmonary embolism (PE) Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Left-sided pneumothorax

The nurse is caring for a patient who receives enteral feeding through a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which actions does the nurse perform to prevent aspiration in this patient? Select all that apply. Monitor gastric residual volumes. Assess the gag reflex before giving foods or fluids by mouth. Administer the initial feeding at a slow rate. Elevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees. Encourage the patient to sit upright for all meals

Monitor gastric residual volumes. Assess the gag reflex before giving foods or fluids by mouth. Elevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees. Encourage the patient to sit upright for all meals

A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. Which interventions are appropriate to be included in the patient's plan of care? Select all that apply. Monitor the patient's hemoglobin level. Keep the patient on bed rest in a supine position. Maintain an IV line for medications and fluid therapy. Instruct the patient to refrain from coughing and deep-breathing exercises. Monitor for complications of anticoagulant therapy

Monitor the patient's hemoglobin level Maintain an IV line for medications and fluid therapy Monitor for complications of anticoagulant therapy

The nurse cares for a patient who is immunocompetent and presents with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect? Mucopurulent sputum Diarrhea Lymph node enlargement Dehydration

Mucopurulent sputum

An unconscious patient who was brought to the emergency department responded well to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). After several hours in stable condition, the patient experiences dyspnea, tachycardia, cyanosis, and neck vein distention. The nurse prepares for which immediate intervention? Pericardiocentesis Insertion of a central venous access device (CVAD) Needle decompression Placing the patient in the Trendelenburg position

Needle decompression

The nurse finds that a patient with chest trauma exhibits cyanosis, air hunger, neck vein distention, and an increase in intrathoracic pressure. The nurse prepares for which procedure? Pericardiocentesis Needle decompression Insertion of a chest tube with a flutter valve Insertion of a chest tube with a drainage system

Needle decompression

The nurse cares for a patient with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which assessment finding best indicates that the patient has been following the prescribed treatment plan? Negative sputum cultures Clear breath sounds bilaterally Decrease in the number of coughing episodes Patient report of experiencing less fatigue

Negative sputum cultures

The nurse reviews the medical record of a patient with a pneumothorax and notes that the patient has a minimal amount of fluid accumulated in the intrapleural space and that the patient is stable. Which does the nurse infer? No treatment may be needed. The patient will require treatment with chest tube drainage. Treatment will include aspiration using a large-bore needle. The primary treatment plan will be needle decompression

No treatment may be needed

The health care provider prescribes IV vancomycin for a patient with pneumonia. Which action does the nurse perform first? Obtain a full set of vital signs. Obtain sputum cultures for sensitivity. Educate the patient about the adverse effects associated with the medication. Draw a blood specimen to evaluate the white blood cell count

Obtain sputum cultures for sensitivity

When a patient is diagnosed with a lung abscess, which does the nurse teach the patient? Lobectomy surgery usually is needed to drain the abscess. IV antibiotic therapy will be used for a prolonged period of time. Oral antibiotics will be used when the patient and x-ray show evidence of improvement. No further culture and sensitivity tests are needed if the patient takes the medication as prescribed

Oral antibiotics will be used when the patient and x-ray show evidence of improvement

When a patient is diagnosed with a lung abscess, which does the nurse teach the patient? Lobectomy surgery usually is needed to drain the abscess. IV antibiotic therapy will be used for a prolonged period of time. Oral antibiotics will be used when the patient and x-ray show evidence of improvement. No further culture and sensitivity tests are needed if the patient takes the medication as prescribed.

Oral antibiotics will be used when the patient and x-ray show evidence of improvement

The nurse reviews the medical records of six adults and determines that the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine will be recommended for which patients? Select all that apply. Patient A: age 25; obesity Patient B: age 35; smokes cigarettes Patient C: age 45; diabetes Patient D: age 55; had spleen removed as a teenager Patient E: age 65; elevated cholesterol level Patient F: age 75; no significant medical history

Patient B: age 35; smokes cigarettes Patient C: age 45; diabetes Patient D: age 55; had spleen removed as a teenager Patient E: age 65; elevated cholesterol level Patient F: age 75; no significant medical history

A patient receives a prescription for amphotericin B. The nurse identifies that the medication is being given to treat which respiratory condition? Lung abscess Necrotizing pneumonia Pertussis Pulmonary fungal infection

Pulmonary fungal infection

A patient with a diagnosis of chylothorax is prescribed octreotide. Which outcome does the nurse expect after the treatment? Adequate hydration Adequate pain control Reduced risk of hypoxemia Reduced flow of lymphatic fluid

Reduced flow of lymphatic fluid

A patient with chest trauma has a chest tube on gravity drainage. While assessing the patient, the nurse finds that the fluid level in the water-seal chamber is very high. Which action does the nurse take? Apply a clamp to the tube. Retape the tube connections. Lower the water-seal column. Release the high-negativity valve

Release the high-negativity valve.

The nurse provides teaching for a patient who is scheduled for a bedside thoracentesis. Which does the nurse explain as the primary purpose of the procedure? Determining the stage of a lung tumor Directly inspecting and examining the pleural space Obtaining a specimen of pleural tissue for evaluation Relieving an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

Relieving an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

The nurse is monitoring a patient who is undergoing a thoracentesis for recurrent pleural effusion. Which assessment finding is of concern? Removal of 1000 mL of pleural fluid Restlessness and sudden onset of dyspnea SpO2 reading of 96% while on 2 L/minute of oxygen Patient report of pressure at the needle insertion site

Restlessness and sudden onset of dyspnea

The nurse cares for a 75-year-old patient with pneumonia and identifies that the patient is at risk for which complications? Select all that apply. Sepsis Pleurisy Bronchitis Encephalitis Pleural effusion Congestive heart failure

Sepsis Pleurisy Pleural effusion

Which is a primary clinical manifestation of flail chest in an unconscious patient? Cyanosis Shallow respirations Neck vein distention Decreased heart rate

Shallow respirations

The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of impaired gas exchange for a patient with pneumonia based on which physical assessment findings? Select all that apply. SpO2 of 85% PaCO2 of 65 mm Hg Thick yellow mucus expectorant Respiratory rate of 24 breaths/minute Dullness to percussion over the affected area

SpO2 of 85% PaCO2 of 65 mm Hg Dullness to percussion over the affected area

Which nursing intervention assists a patient with pneumonia in managing thick secretions and fatigue? Performing postural drainage every hour Providing analgesics as prescribed to promote patient comfort Administering oxygen as prescribed to maintain optimal oxygen saturation levels Teaching the patient how to cough effectively and expectorate secretions

Teaching the patient how to cough effectively and expectorate secretions

A patient presents to the emergency room with severe dyspnea, tachycardia, tracheal deviation, and neck vein distention. Which condition does the nurse suspect? Flail chest Hemothorax Cardiac tamponade Tension pneumothorax

Tension pneumothorax

The bubbling in a patient's chest drainage unit (CDU) has increased, and the nurse suspects an air leak. The patient's chest tube is numbered from 1 to 5 in regular increments on the tube. To determine the location of the air leak, the nurse briefly and methodically clamps down the tubing away from the patient. The leak stops when the tube is clamped between the numbers 3 and 4. How does the nurse interpret the finding? The air leak is in the patient's chest. The air leak is in the tube between points 1 and 2. The air leak is in the tube between points 3 and 4. The air leak is in the collection chamber of the CDU

The air leak is in the tube between points 3 and 4.

One week after a thoracotomy, a patient with a chest tube attached to a chest drainage unit (CDU) experiences an air leak in the system. Which assessment finding warrants follow-up nursing interventions? The water-seal chamber contains 5 cm of sterile water. There is no new drainage in the collection chamber. The dressing over the chest tube insertion site is loose. The patient has a small pneumothorax

The dressing over the chest tube insertion site is loose

The nurse suspects which cause of increased bubbling in the water-seal chamber of a patient's chest drainage unit (CDU)? The patient has complete lung reexpansion. The patient has a bronchopleural leak. The patient has a pleural friction rub. The patient has an infection at the drainage site

The patient has a bronchopleural leak

Following a thoracotomy, a patient uses patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Which related outcomes does the nurse expect? Select all that apply. The patient will have an effective cough. The patient will be able to take deep breaths. The patient will have reexpansion of the lungs. The patient will have reduced pulmonary edema. The patient will be able to move the arm on the operative side

The patient will have an effective cough The patient will be able to take deep breaths The patient will be able to move the arm on the operative side.

The nurse reviews the medical records of patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and identifies that the patients meet which criterion? The patients presented to the hospital with symptoms of pneumonia. The patients were in close proximity with someone who had pneumonia within the past 10 days of the onset of symptoms. The patients have not been hospitalized or have not lived in a long-term care facility within 14 days of the onset of symptoms. The patients have a condition that weakens the immune system.

The patients have not been hospitalized or have not lived in a long-term care facility within 14 days of the onset of symptoms

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about acute bronchitis and includes which information? Typically, there are infiltrates seen on the chest x-ray. If symptoms last longer than two weeks, patients are advised to see their health care provider (HCP). Therapy is mainly supportive. Egophony may be auscultated

Therapy is mainly supportive

After connecting a patient's chest tube to a dry suction system, which action does the nurse take next? Verify that the float has disappeared from the window of the chest drainage unit (CDU). Turn the suction dial on the CDU to -20 cm H2O pressure. Depress the high-negativity vent. Briefly and methodically move clamps down the chest tube to assess for air leaks

Turn the suction dial on the CDU to -20 cm H2O pressure

Which type of procedure allows the health care provider to manipulate instruments passed into the pleural space? Decortication Segmental resection Exploratory thoracotomy Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Which surgical lung procedure involves the removal of a small, localized lesion that occupies only part of a segment? Pleurodesis Wedge resection Pleural biopsy Thoracentesis

Wedge resection

A patient received antibiotic treatment for bacterial pneumonia. The nurse determines that the levofloxacin therapy has not been effective after noting which indicator? Temperature 99.7° F Increased respiratory rate Adventitious lung sounds White blood cell count 16,000/μL

White blood cell count 16,000/μL

The nurse is preparing a community education session related to the increased incidence of tuberculosis (TB) among the city's residents. The nurse identifies that which populations are most at risk for the disease? Select all that apply. Workers at a nearby prison Elderly adults who attend activities at a local senior center Adults who are homeless Children who attend a preschool three days a week Middle-aged adults who live in the inner-city neighborhood Immigrants from an underdeveloped country who live in temporary housing in the city

Workers at a nearby prison Adults who are homeless Middle-aged adults who live in the inner-city neighborhood Immigrants from an underdeveloped country who live in temporary housing in the city

The nurse provides information to a group of nursing students about wounds that result from penetrating trauma to the chest wall and includes which example? Wound caused by a gunshot Wound caused by a crush injury When the chest is struck by a baseball When the chest strikes a steering wheel

Wound caused by a gunshot

A patient presents for a follow-up office visit one week after sustaining rib fractures that resulted in flail chest. Which instructions does the nurse provide to the patient? Select all that apply. "You should take a shower instead of a bath for one more week." "You may want to sleep in the semi-Fowler's position to make your breathing easier." "You should apply a binder over your chest during the day while performing activities." "You should wear compression hose throughout the day." "You may experience intercostal pain for several more weeks, so pain medication may still be needed."

You may want to sleep in the semi-Fowler's position to make your breathing easier You may experience intercostal pain for several more weeks, so pain medication may still be needed."

A patient with a sudden onset of respiratory distress is scheduled for a ventilation-perfusion scan. Which instruction does the nurse provide to the patient about the procedure? "The test involves the injection of a radioisotope and the inhalation of a radioactive gas." "You will be sedated during the test to prevent you from moving." "It is important to verify that there is no metal in your body before performing the test." "You will feel a sensation of chest pressure as the dye circulates through your body."

"The test involves the injection of a radioisotope and the inhalation of a radioactive gas."

A patient sustains injuries to the chest as a result of an altercation. The nurse assesses the right lung and notes decreased breath sounds and dullness on percussion. The patient reports difficulty breathing. The nurse makes preparations to assist the health care provider with the insertion of which size chest tube? 12F 24F 28F 38F

38F

The nurse collaborates with the health care team to arrange for home care for a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Of the family members who live with the patient, which one is at the greatest risk for contracting the disease? A 15-year-old child who has a history of asthma A 25-year-old daughter who is seven months pregnant A 50-year-old spouse who is 20 pounds overweight A 75-year-old parent who takes prednisone

A 75-year-old parent who takes prednisone

The nurse prepares staff education related to lung transplantation and includes which information? Select all that apply. Acute rejection typically occurs in the first two to three weeks after surgery. Accurate diagnosis of rejection is by transtracheal biopsy. Immunosuppressive therapy usually includes a two-drug regimen. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common causative agent of infection after lung transplant. During the first year after transplantation, viral pneumonia is the most common type of infection. Lung transplant recipients usually receive higher levels of immunosuppressive therapy than other organ recipients.

Accurate diagnosis of rejection is by transtracheal biopsy Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common causative agent of infection after lung transplant Lung transplant recipients usually receive higher levels of immunosuppressive therapy than other organ recipients

Which intervention does the nurse perform 30 minutes before removing a chest tube from a patient? Prepare a sterile field that includes a petroleum dressing. Administer a pain medication to the patient. Clamp the chest tube. Ensure that the patient has nothing NPO

Administer a pain medication to the patient

When caring for a patient with pertussis, which intervention does the nurse prioritize? Administering antibiotic therapy Administering an antihistamine at bedtime Teaching the patient how to use a bronchodilator Instructing the patient to use cough suppressants

Administering antibiotic therapy

When caring for a patient with pertussis, which intervention does the nurse prioritize? Administering antibiotic therapy Administering an antihistamine at bedtime Teaching the patient how to use a bronchodilator Instructing the patient to use cough suppressants

Administering antibiotic therapy

While obtaining a health history for a patient with suspected tuberculosis (TB), the nurse expects which early signs or symptoms of the disease? Select all that apply. Anorexia Fatigue Dizziness Night sweats Chest tightness

Anorexia Fatigue Night sweats

When the patient with a persistent cough is diagnosed with pertussis, the nurse expects that which type of medication will be prescribed? Antibiotic Corticosteroid Bronchodilator Cough suppressant

Antibiotic

A patient presents with a lung abscess. The nurse expects that which intervention will be included in the patient's treatment plan? Postural drainage Antibiotic therapy Chest physiotherapy Fluid restriction

Antibiotic therapy

On the third postoperative day following hip surgery, a patient states, "This morning I started to have shortness of breath, slight chest pain, and a feeling as if something isn't right." The patient's assessment findings include respirations 32 breaths/min, pulse 110 beats/min, and an oxygen saturation of 87% on room air. Which is the priority nursing action? Notify the health care provider (HCP). Apply oxygen. Obtain an electrocardiogram (ECG). Call the rapid response team

Apply oxygen

A patient is hospitalized with a diagnosis of pneumonia. When reviewing the patient's history, the nurse finds that the patient experienced a seizure with profuse vomiting four days prior to the hospital admission. Which type of pneumonia does the nurse suspect? Aspiration pneumonia Opportunistic pneumonia Hospital-associated pneumonia Community-acquired pneumonia

Aspiration pneumonia

A patient reports shortness of breath one day after a cholecystectomy. The nurse assesses the right lung sounds and notes dullness to percussion and decreased breath sounds. Which is the most probable reason for the assessment findings? Atelectasis Pneumonia Pneumothorax Tension pneumothorax

Atelectasis

The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) and anticipates that which item will be included in the patient's treatment plan? Use directly observed therapy only in the initial phase. Administer drug therapy in three phases (initial, interim, and continuation). Initiate liver function tests (LFTs) 14 days after the start of treatment. Avoid alcohol because it increases the hepatotoxicity associated with isoniazid (INH).

Avoid alcohol because it increases the hepatotoxicity associated with isoniazid (INH).